RU2624208C2 - Technological complex on peat based fuel production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: in the technological complex on peat based fuel production, containing the interconnected by the conveying devices the receiving unit and the peat raw material separating unit, the chemical solution preparation unit, peat binder preparation unit, the peat binder mixing and homogenization with the main carbon bearing fuel component unit, fuel moulding unit, fuel drying and packing unit, the peat binder preparation unit contains the raw material mechanical and/or ultrasonic treatment device, thermal energy supply device and the chemical reagents solution dosed supply device.

EFFECT: simplification of the peat binder preparation process, reduction of the specific energy costs per production unit, increase of reaction properties and burnout rate of the produced fuel.

1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the peat processing industry, and in particular to the field of production of fuel pellets and briquettes from peat or from a mixture of peat with carbon-containing materials, which are used as products of the coal processing industry (coal or shale crumbs, dust, fines), waste from timber and agricultural complexes ( sawdust, bark, shavings, wood chips, sunflower husk, straw, flax bonfire, buckwheat husk, etc.) and solid pulp and paper waste. The resulting pellets and briquettes can be used as fuel for burning in households, in boilers of a household purpose, at thermal power plants, in the furnaces of railway cars.

Known technological line for the production of ligno-gel fuel granules containing interconnected vehicles post preparation of peat raw materials, post preparation of peat gel, post production of ligno-gel fuel granules and a storage tank for peat gel, communicated with the post preparation of peat gel and post the production of ligno-gel fuel granules, while the preparation of peat raw materials is equipped with a sieving and / or grinding device, the preparation of peat gel is equipped with a device m of cavitation treatment of the mixture, and the post for the production of ligno-gel fuel granules - with a mixer with a batch feeder and a device for pressing and / or molding fuel granules (Utility Model Patent RU 103106 C10L 5/00, published on 03/27/2011).

The disadvantage of the proposed technical solution is the limited functionality, insufficient calorific value of the fuel, the high cost of its production, insufficient hardness of the fuel cells, low resistance to moisture and does not provide improved environmental ecology.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed invention (prototype) is a technological line for the production of ligno-gel fuel granules, characterized in that it contains communicated between vehicles post preparation of peat raw materials, post preparation of peat gel, post production of ligno-gel fuel granules , a post for the preparation of structure-forming additives, communicated with a post for the preparation of peat gel, and a post for the preparation of fuel additives, reported with a post for the production of ligno-gel granules, as well as a peat gel storage tank communicated with the peat gel preparation station and the production of ligno-gel fuel granules, while the peat raw material preparation station is equipped with a sieving and / or grinding device, the peat gel preparation station is equipped with a cavitation mixture processing device and the post for the production of ligno-gel fuel granules - with a mixer with a batch feeder and a device for pressing and / or molding fuel granules (Utility Model Patent RU 137289 C10L 5/00, op bl. 02/10/2014).

The disadvantages of the prototype are the technological complexity and high energy costs of the process of cavitation preparation of a peat binder, low reactivity and burnout rate of the produced fuel.

EFFECT: simplification of the preparation of a peat binder, reduction of specific energy costs per unit of production, increase in reaction properties and burnup rate of the produced fuel.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the technological complex for the production of fuel based on peat, containing interconnected transporting devices, a unit for receiving and separating peat raw materials, a unit for preparing a solution of chemical reagents, a unit for preparing peat binder, a unit for mixing and homogenizing a peat binder with a main carbon-containing component fuel, a fuel molding unit, a drying unit and a fuel packaging unit, a peat binder preparation unit, comprises a mechanical device minutes and / or ultrasonic treatment of the peat raw material, heat energy device and dispenser chemical solution.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a schematic diagram of a technological complex for the production of fuel based on peat.

The technological complex for the production of peat-based fuel includes a receiving and separating unit A connected by transporting devices, consisting of a separator 1, a hopper for the processed peat 2, a separator or grinder 3 and a hopper for the main carbon-containing fuel component 4, a unit for preparing a solution of chemical reagents B comprising a mixing tank 5 and a mixing device 6, a peat binder preparation unit B, including a mechanical and / or ultrasonic processing device 7, a device in the supply of thermal energy 8 and a device for the dosed supply of a solution of chemical reagents 9, a unit for mixing and homogenizing a peat binder with the main carbon-containing fuel component G, made in the form of a mixing device 10, a fuel molding unit D, containing a metering hopper 11 and a molding device 12, node drying E, represented by the drying device 13 and the packaging unit W, including the packaging device 14.

The technological complex for the production of pellets and briquettes based on peat is as follows.

Milled peat BX1, preferably of the top or middle type, is separated from stones and wood inclusions larger than 15 mm in the separator 1 and placed in the hopper for the processed peat 2. Similarly, in the separator or grinder 3, the main carbon-containing component of the BX2 fuel is prepared, which can peat, products of the coal processing industry, waste from the timber industry and agro-industrial complexes, solid pulp and paper waste, etc., should be used, obtaining raw materials with a fraction of less than 15 mm, which is placed in the hopper for the main carbon-containing component of the fuel 4.

Separated peat is fed from the peat bunker 2 to the mechanical and / or ultrasonic processing unit 7. Simultaneously, water BX3 and chemical agents BX4 are fed into the mixing tank 5, mixing them until complete dissolution using the mixing device 6. The finished solution is heated in a heat supply device energy 8 to a temperature not exceeding 70 ° C, after which the device for the dosed supply of a solution of chemical reagents 9 is supplied to the device for mechanical and / or ultrasonic treatment 7 th e peat. At the outlet of the mechanical and / or ultrasonic processing device 7, a water-peat dispersion with high adhesive properties is obtained, which is fed to the mixing device 10. Together with the water-peat dispersion, a prepared carbon-containing fuel component is introduced from the hopper for the main carbon-containing fuel component 4, which is mixed with water-peat dispersion to a homogeneous state. From the mixing device 10, the prepared raw material enters the metering hopper 11, which feeds it with a predetermined productivity to the forming device 12. In the forming device 12, the raw material is compacted and takes the necessary shape, after which it enters the drying device 13. In the drying device 13, the formed raw material is brought to the required humidity, after which it is a solid fuel with high quality indicators: density, strength, moisture resistance, reactivity and speed Strongly burnout. The resulting fuel is sent to the packaging device 14, where it is packaged in bags, film or other packaging material for delivery to the warehouse or consumer EXIT.

Claims (1)

A peat-based fuel production complex, comprising a peat feed receiving and separation unit, a peat batch preparation unit, a peat binder preparation unit, a peat binder mixing and homogenization unit with a main carbon-containing fuel component, a fuel molding unit, a unit drying and fuel packaging unit, characterized in that the peat binder preparation unit comprises a mechanical and / or ultrasonic device processing of peat raw materials, a device for supplying thermal energy and a device for dosing a solution of a chemical reagent.

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