RU2622497C1 - Device for analysis of foam clothing materials deformation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile, paper.

SUBSTANCE: device for analysis of foam clothing materials deformation under compression comprises means for analysed sample fastening, where the detecting elements are in the form of two flat metal plates, the lower stationary element (1) has an axial structure with a screw thread (3) dealing with the compression force on the material (2) under the external pressure, including the pressure of the aqueous medium, and preservation of its thickness after deforming load is stopped, and the second of the detecting elements (4) is made with the possibility to adjust its height from the initial to the indicated material compression thickness (2) due to the compression screw parts (5) and (6).

EFFECT: invention enables to measure material thickness difference before exerting pressure and after deformation under compression which remains even after the pressure has been stopped.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of sewing materials science and is associated with the determination of the deformation of porous foam materials for clothing under compression.

The method for determining the deformation during compression of foamed polymeric materials is that the material is placed between two metal plates, the height of which is regulated by the thickness of the material, a mechanism is installed in the center of the plates that is responsible for moving the material along the axis in one direction during loading, working on the principle of a screw. Screwing into a material having a porous structure, it fixes the compression of the material, and when depressurized, it does not allow the material to return to its original state.

The use of foamed porous material of the "neoprene" type in the clothing industry is mainly associated with the production of suits for underwater use. Such a medium implies the effect of water pressure on the material with a simultaneous change in the material in thickness, and in the absence of pressure, the material returns to its original position. In order to simulate the hydrostatic compression parameters, it is necessary to place the material in a hydrostatic chamber or in an aqueous medium, but it is not possible to measure which compression at the moment of maximum pressure. In the hydrostatic chamber there is no connection with the indicators of the material - it certainly does not seem possible, and the use of specialized devices in the chamber is not provided. In this regard, there is a need to use a device for fixing compression deformation of materials of the “neoprene” type autonomously working under hydrostatic pressure conditions, for which preliminary measurements of the compression ratios of foamed materials, which give external pressure, outside the aquatic environment and with an assessment of the accuracy of fixation of materials in deformed state after removal of external load. Such indicators are the starting point for carrying out measurements in a hydrostatic chamber with the inclusion of the axial part of the proposed measuring device.

A device for determining the aerodynamic deformation of protective structures of clothing (patent No. RU 136893 U1, from 01.20.2014). This invention relates to a method for studying the processes of deformation of protective structures of clothes under the influence of aerodynamic loads. The method for determining the aerodynamic deformation of protective clothing designs is that the body-elastic protective clothing designs are represented by a cylinder model and are placed in a subsonic wind tunnel with a low-turbulent air flow and a working area made of transparent material. The deformation of the body-elastic protective clothing structures that occurs under the influence of the air flow is recorded in the working area of the wind tunnel using digital photography, followed by processing the results using software products. A disadvantage of the device is the inaccurate determination of the compression parameters due to the results obtained using digital photography, as well as the non-preservation of the resulting strain by the material after the pressure ceases to be applied to it.

Also known is an insertion device for measuring the deformation of a loaded structural member (options) (patent No. RU 139505 U1, from 04/20/2014). The measuring element and the receiving elements of the deformation receiver are made in one piece from the workpiece in the form of a flat ring, on the outer cylindrical surface of which an arched cut is made, and on the periphery an arched hole located opposite the arched cut, with the formation of a flat elastic ring-shaped measuring element and two jumpers between an arched cut and an arched hole, while one of the jumpers forms a perceptive element of constant height, and in the other a jumper e a through slot is made with the formation of a height-adjustable sensing element associated with an invariable height of the sensing element by means of elastic tape, and a threaded hole not to the full depth into which a screw is screwed, made with the ability to tighten the height-adjustable sensing element to a cylindrical surface cavities in the loaded structural member. The disadvantages of this design are the shape of the test sample (cylinder) - the inability to use in a flat form, the lack of measurement of compression deformation at the time of application of the load.

Closest to the claimed object is a device for determining the deformation of textile materials under compression (patent No. RU144579 U1, from 08.27.2014). The device comprises means for attaching the test sample, a loading mechanism with the rod, a device for measuring rod movements, an electronic control unit, characterized in that the loading and measuring zones are integral, and the tool for attaching the test sample is made in the form of a cylindrical steel container with the possibility of change its size depending on the type of compression.

A significant disadvantage of the known device is that it does not allow to measure the compression of the material in a fixed position, simulating the pressure of the aqueous medium.

The main objective of the invention is the fixation of compression, which gives water pressure, followed by extraction of the material from the aqueous medium into the air, while maintaining the thickness obtained during compression.

The problem is achieved in that a device for studying the deformation of foamed materials in compression, consisting of sensing elements made in the form of two flat metal plates. An axial structure with a screw thread 3 is located on the lower fixed element 1, which is responsible for the action of the compressive force on the material 2 under the action of external pressure, including the pressure of the aqueous medium, and the preservation of its thickness after removing the deforming load. The second of the receiving elements 4 is made with the possibility of adjusting its height from the original to a given thickness of compression of the material 2 due to the details of screw compression 5 and 6.

A device for studying the deformation of foamed materials allows you to measure the difference in the thickness of the material before the application of pressure and after deformation in compression, which remains after this pressure has been removed.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device for preliminary measurement of the deformation of foamed materials under the action of compressive loads and to determine the permissibility of using the axial fixing part of the device in a hydrostatic chamber.

The device operates as follows.

An axial structure with a screw thread and a flat limiting thrust disk 2 is mounted on a stationary receiving element 1 (Fig. 2), onto which a material of a porous structure 3 is screwed on (by the principle of a screw), in which a thin guide puncture was previously made. The axial design with screw thread 2 (Fig. 3) has strictly defined parameters: a single-thread, which does not allow the material to return to its original position, the outer diameter is 4 mm, the inner diameter is 2 mm, and the thread pitch is 2.5 mm. The type of thrust element is flat with a screw thread, onto which a washer with an external diameter of 14-15 mm is mounted. The distance (thickness) is marked on the washer with the help of paint, where h is the thickness of material 2. Material 2 is evenly distributed around the axial structure with screw thread, from above we install a movable sensing element 4, which is lowered initially to the thickness of the material 2, and then load with the top plate to the lower one by parallel screwing of parts 5 and 6 to various thickness thresholds (from the smallest possible compression to the maximum). We measure the total thickness of the compressed material between the plates hi. The phase in which the material is in a compressed state is 10 minutes. Having unwound the structural elements 5 and 6, we remove the compressive upper plate from the material. On an axial structure with a screw thread, make a mark with paint at the level of maximum deflection of the material along the helical axis. We remove the material from the axial design with screw thread. We fix the thickness along the axis after unloading according to the obtained colored mark h2. We calculate the% deviation between the values of h1 and h2. If the deviation is not more than 5%, an axial design with screw thread is considered adequate. After that, a sample of the investigated foam material is placed on an axial structure with a screw thread without deformation of its established initial thickness and subjected to direct water pressure in a special hydrostatic chamber. After removing the hydrostatic pressure, the hermetically sealed chamber opens. Axial screw cutting of the maximum deflection of the material is marked with paint. After removing the material from the fixing axis, the distance from the supporting surface of the device to the last mark of material deflection obtained is measured. This is the value of the thickness of the foamed material at the time of the applied hydrostatic pressure in a hermetically sealed hydrostatic chamber.

Thus, in the inventive device, the problem of remote sensing of measurements of the deformation of a porous foam material under compression under the influence of external loads of the medium is solved.

Claims (2)

1. A device for studying the deformation of foamed clothing materials under compression, containing means for attaching the test sample, characterized in that the receiving elements are made in the form of two flat metal plates, on the lower stationary element (1) is an axial structure with a screw thread (3), responsible for the action of the compressive force on the material (2) under the influence of external pressure, including the pressure of the aqueous medium, and the preservation of its thickness after the deformation load is removed, while the second elements (4) being adjustable in height from the initial thickness to a predetermined compression material (2) due to the helical compression parts (5) and (6). 2. A device for studying the deformation of foamed clothing materials according to claim 1, characterized in that it allows you to measure the difference in the thickness of the material before applying pressure and after deformation under compression, as well as determine the thickness of the foamed material at the time of applied hydrostatic pressure in a hermetically sealed hydrostatic chamber according to the marks screw thread (3).

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