RU2618671C1 - Radio-sonar system of environmental monitoring and protecting areas of oil and gas production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: inventions are based on the laws and measurement technologies of the nonlinear luminal acoustics, and their implementation is carried out by using radio-sonar means of the marine instrument engineering, for which the complex "Akvazond" is used. The actual information of the navigation satellite system "Glonass" and the communication satellite system "Messenger" is also used. The radio-sonar system of environmental monitoring and protecting the areas of oil and gas production includes emitting and receiving acoustic units placed in the target environment, a working zone of the nonlinear interaction and the parametric conversion of the medium pumping waves with the measured information, formed between them, coupled with the acoustic path units of forming and gaining the emitted medium pumping signals, and the path of receiving nonlinearly transformed pumping signals, their amplification, processing and analysis by allocating characteristics of the measured information waves therein, are characterized in that the measuring system includes a unit of the omni-directional environment radiation located in the center of the water area by the transient acoustic signals of the close stable frequency, and a radiation unit of the hard (LFM or FM) signals and the receiving units of 8 products are placed on its perimeter (or circle) every 45° against the emitting center, wherein three hydrophones are included in each receiving unit of the system, which are placed in the corners of the horizontal (preferably isosceles) triangles, and their tops are directed toward the emitting units. The receiving hydrophones of each receiving unit are connected to the radio-sono buoys (RSB) located on the sea surface, the outputs of which are connected to the multi-channel and multi-functional receiving path of the monitoring system via the communication channels through the multi-channel receiving terminal and then the switching unit of the receiving channels, and the signal generator of the close stable frequency and the generator of the complex signals (LFM or FM) are included in its emitting path, the outlets of which are connected to the input of the two-channel power amplifier, and it outputs - to the two-channel matching unit of the power amplifier outputs with underwater cables and then with the emitting units (acoustic transducers), wherein the receiving path of the measuring system is formed as a multi-channel and multi-functional, including one channel of the spectral analysis and allocation of the differential and (or) cumulative frequency signals, containing the series-connected units of: a bandpass amplifier, a converter of the signal temporal scale into the high-frequency area, a narrow-band spectrum analyzer and a registrar (recorder) functionally associated therewith, wherein 8 channels of the correlation and crosscorrelation analysis of the received light signals are also included in the receiving path of the measuring system, for which the series-connected units - bandpass amplifiers, the two in parallel connected correlation function measuring units are included between the signals of the central and the outer hydrophones located at the tops of the triangles, and further the function measuring units of their mutual signal correlation are included in each of them, the outputs of which are connected with the unit determining the intersection points of the cross-correlation function signals (PC). In addition, the multi-fuctional measuring unit of the environmental medium characteristics is initially located in the place of the radiating units and placed on the vessel-carrier, which is then moved and installed in the areas of the identified environmental changes of the medium characteristics. In addition, the unit of forming the luminal signals of the near frequency provides the environment radiation in the range of several kilohertz. In addition, the controlled environment is voiced by the signals with time-frequency or phase modulation in the band of units-tens of kilohertz at the specified intervals, in addition, for the given program. In addition, monitoring and protecting the surveyed area depending on the task are carried out in the predetermined sector of the light signal receiving angles against the radiating center. In addition, the system of environmental monitoring and controlling includes a unite of the Information and Analytical Center (IAC), which is connected by the communication channels with the information transmitting units from the satellite systems of navigation "GLONASS" and communication "Messenger" about the environmental surface state of the surveyed waters, as well as about the seismic and synoptic situation beyond thereof.

EFFECT: developing the effective technologies for the detection of signs of the oil and gas accumulations in the environment and on its surface, conducting multifunctional ecological monitoring of the environment, and protecting the waters from the penetration of offenders, and notifying the likely entry of hazards into the surveyed area.

6 cl, 6 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to geophysics, hydrophysics and radiophysics, and is intended for environmental monitoring and ensuring the protection of oil and gas production areas located on the offshore. The technical solutions of the invention are based on the laws and measurement technologies of nonlinear translucent hydroacoustics, and their implementation is carried out using radio-acoustic means of marine instrumentation. At the same time, environmental monitoring of oil and gas production areas is combined with their protection against sea animals penetrating into the water area (for example, whales or sea lions), sabotage forces and their movement means, as well as with the notification of the participants in the development of the surveyed water areas about the probable occurrence of hazardous events, including seismic, synoptic or tsunami waves.

When developing a system of environmental monitoring and protection of oil and gas production areas, it is planned to take into account known processes and phenomena that may be present or manifest in water areas, namely:

- the presence of oil and gas accumulations in the medium and on its surface, as well as their influence on the nonlinearity of the medium;

- the use in the measuring system of technologies and the means of complex multifunctional field monitoring that implement them, providing control of the environmental characteristics of the environment, including: pressure, temperature, electrical conductivity, speed of sound and sea currents in the places of their installation;

- taking into account the noise field of the marine environment formed by working technical means, as well as by short-sea shipping;

- the possibility of using aviation and radio communications to control the operation of the monitoring and operational control system: the state of the marine environment on its surface and beyond;

- the ability to include and use the information-analytical center (IAC) in the computer technology monitoring system to provide operational analysis of multifunctional information about the operation of the monitoring and control system, as well as the seismic and synoptic conditions in the water area and beyond;

- use in the method of additional information from external sources for observing the state of the atmosphere and the marine environment within the surveyed water area and beyond, which is implemented by the GLONASS satellite navigation systems and the “Messenger” communication system.

To date, in almost all of the above positions, theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out, non-linear translucent hydroacoustic acoustics measuring technologies have been developed and implemented that will be used in solving the problems of the invention. The essence of these scientific and technical developments is described in a well-known work (See Malashenko A.E., Mironenko M.V., Karachun L.E., Khalaev N.L. Development and operation of radio-acoustic systems for integrated monitoring of hydrophysical fields of marine water areas based on developments marine instrumentation: Monograph. Vladivostok. FSBIH SKB SAMI FEB RAS. FEFU, 2012, 264 C). In the invention, these developments and technical solutions will be finalized and practical ways of their implementation will be formulated.

Known radio-acoustic measuring complex for multifunctional monitoring of the ecological state of the marine environment, providing a determination of the hydrological characteristics of the investigated area, the presence and measurement of quantitative content in the marine environment: hydrocarbons, crude oil and oil products, dissolved organics, oxygen, acidity, chlorophyll, salinity or electrical conductivity, ambient temperature, horizontal and vertical current velocities, active radiation (See. Standalone cycling meter hydrophysical fields of the marine environment "Aquazond", Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Federal State Budgetary Institution SKB SAMI FEB RAS, 20010). In the present invention, the measuring complex is supposed to be installed in the hydrocarbon accumulation areas found in the surveyed water area for further multifunctional environmental monitoring. The Aquazond complex provides measurement of the quantitative content of impurities in the marine environment: hydrocarbons, crude oil and oil products, dissolved organics, oxygen, acidity, chlorophyll, salinity, electrical conductivity and temperature, as well as horizontal and vertical current velocities, active radiation. Thus, the complex under consideration provides the possibility of multifunctional environmental monitoring of the environment in the areas of discovered accumulations of hydrocarbon oil and gas accumulations or the presence of violators of water boundaries.

Known "Methods and systems for the long-range parametric reception of waves of various physical nature in the marine environment": RU 2453930 C1 from 10/11/2010, RU 2472116 C1 from 06/15/2011, RU 2472236 C1 from 15.06.2011, RU 2474793 C1 from 15.06.2011, RU 2474794 dated 06/15/2011, RU 2503977 C1 07/18/2014, RU 2503036 C1 07/17/2014, RU 25.36836 C1 10.29.2014, RU 2536837 C1 29.10.2014, RU 2550588 C1 10.04.2015.

These patents for the invention are private technical solutions to the totality of the objectives of the invention. The further development of these solutions is aimed at substantiating practical ways of their implementation in environmental monitoring systems and protecting oil and gas production areas from the ingress of marine animals (e.g., whales, sea lions), sabotage forces and technical means of their movement, as well as multifunctional environmental monitoring of the surveyed water area.

By its physical nature, the closest to the claimed invention is the "Hydroacoustic system for parametric reception of waves of various physical nature in the marine environment." Pat. RU No. 2472116 C1 of 06/15/2011.

The hydroacoustic system for parametric reception of waves of various physical nature in the marine environment includes emitting and receiving acoustic blocks located in the medium under study, a working zone of nonlinear interaction and parametric transformation of the pumping waves of the medium with the measured information between them, connected to the acoustic blocks, the path for generating and amplifying the emitted medium pump signals, as well as the path for receiving nonlinearly converted pump signals, their amplification, processing, and Lisa with the allocation in them of the characteristics of the measured information waves.

The prototype system has the following disadvantages, which will be excluded in the invention:

- the possibility of parametric reception of waves formed by clusters of oil and gas inclusions as nonlinear inhomogeneities of the medium, as well as on the surface of the medium, is not realized;

- there is no possibility of carrying out multifunctional environmental monitoring of environmental characteristics by using technologies and tools that implement them in the system that provide pressure, temperature, electrical conductivity, sound velocity and sea currents, as well as radiation conditions in places where oil and gas accumulations are manifested;

- protection of the surveyed area from the penetration of marine animals (for example, whales and sea lions), as well as sabotage forces and technical means of their movement, is not ensured;

- notification is given to the participants in the work on the probable entry into the surveyed area of a hazardous event (mainly seismic, synoptic and tsunami waves).

Theoretical assumptions about the possibility of eliminating the above drawbacks in the present invention are justified and described in a well-known work (See Mironenko M.V., Malashenko A.E., Vasilenko AM, Karachun L.E. Non-linear translucent hydroacoustics and marine instrumentation in creating the Far Eastern radio-acoustic illumination systems of the atmosphere, ocean and the earth's crust, monitoring of their fields of various physical nature // Monograph. G. Vladivostok. FGBUN SKB SAMI FEB RAS. FEFU, 2014, 404 pp.).

The objective of the invention is to develop the structure and measuring technologies of a monitoring system that provides detection of signs of manifestation in the marine environment and on its surface of oil and gas accumulations, as non-linear inhomogeneities, multifunctional environmental monitoring of the environment, which provides: measurement and control of pressure, temperature and electrical conductivity of the marine environment, speed sound, sea currents, radiation background, as well as ensuring reliable protection of the surveyed area from penetration Violators are, for example, marine animals and saboteurs alert participants work on a possible entry into the inspected area of marine hazards.

To solve this problem, a radio-acoustic system for environmental monitoring and protection of oil and gas production areas includes emitting and receiving acoustic blocks located in the medium under study, a working zone of nonlinear interaction and parametric transformation of the pumping waves of the medium with the measured information waves, the formation and amplification path connected to the acoustic blocks, formed between them emitted pump signals of the medium, as well as the path for receiving nonlinearly converted pump signals, their strength, processing and analysis with highlighting the characteristics of the measured information waves in them, characterized in that the measuring system includes a block of omnidirectional irradiation of the medium with transparent acoustic signals of close stable frequency located in the center of the water area, as well as a radiation block of complex (LFM or FM) signals, and receiving blocks in the amount of 8 products are placed along its perimeter (or circle) through 45 ° relative to the emitting center, while three hydrophones are placed in each receiving unit of the system, which are located in horizontal (preferably isosceles) triangles, and their vertices are directed towards the emitting blocks, while the receiving hydrophones of each receiving unit are connected to radio-acoustic buoys located on the sea surface, the outputs of which are transmitted through communication channels through a multi-channel receiving radio block, then the switching unit receiving channels are connected to a multi-channel and multi-functional receiving path of the monitoring system, and a signal generator of a close stable frequency is included in its radiating path and a complex signal generator (LFM or FM), the outputs of which are connected to the input of a two-channel power amplifier, and its outputs to a two-channel block matching outputs of a power amplifier with submarine cables and further with radiating blocks (acoustic transducers), while the receiving path of the measuring system is formed as a multi-channel and multifunctional, including one channel of spectral analysis and separation of signals of difference and (or) total frequency, containing series-connected blocks: band-pass amplifier an amplifier, a converter of the time scale of the signals to the high-frequency region, a narrow-band spectrum analyzer and a recorder (recorder) functionally connected with it, while the reception path of the measuring system also includes 8 channels of correlation and cross-correlation analysis of received luminal signals, for this, in each of They include series-connected blocks - strip amplifiers, two parallel-connected blocks for measuring the correlation functions between the signals of the central and extreme placed at the vertices of the triangles of hydrophones, then the blocks of measuring the functions of their mutual correlation of signals, the outputs of which are connected to the unit for determining the points of intersection of signals of cross-correlation functions (computers). In addition, the multifunctional unit for measuring the environmental characteristics of the environment is initially located in the place of the emitting blocks and is placed on the carrier vessel, which is then moved and installed in places of detected environmental changes in the environmental characteristics. In addition, the block of formation of luminal signals of close frequency provides irradiation of the medium in the range of several kilohertz. In addition, the controlled environment with a given frequency, in addition, according to a given program, is voiced by signals with time-frequency or phase modulation in the band of a few tens of kilohertz. In addition, monitoring and protection of the surveyed area, depending on the task, is carried out in a given, relative to the emitting center, sector of the reception angles of the luminal signals. In addition, the information monitoring and analytical center (IAC) block is included in the environmental monitoring and control system, which receives current information from space sources, mainly GLONASS satellite navigation systems and the “Gonets” communication, about the ecological state of the surface of the surveyed water area, as well as about seismic and a synoptic setting beyond.

A comparative analysis of the features of the claimed invention and known technical solutions indicates its compliance with the criterion of "novelty."

The features of the characterizing part of the claims solve the following functional tasks.

Signs indicating that “the measuring system includes a block of omnidirectional irradiation of the medium located at the center of the water area with transparent acoustic signals of close stable frequency, as well as a complex radiation block (LFM or FM), and 8 receiving units are placed in its perimeter (or circle) through 45 ° relative to the emitting center ”, provide the possibility of forming a system of environmental monitoring and protection throughout the space of the surveyed water area.

Signs indicating that “each hydrophone contains three hydrophones located in the corners of horizontal (preferably isosceles) triangles, and their vertices are directed towards the radiating blocks”, provide the opportunity to determine the directions for the sources of manifestations of environmental disturbances or locations of violators and saboteurs due to further measurement of the correlation and cross-correlation characteristics of the received translucent signals.

Signs indicating that “the receiving hydrophones of each receiving unit are connected to radio-acoustic buoys located on the sea surface, the outputs of which are transmitted via communication channels through a multi-channel receiving radio block, then the switching channel of the receiving channels is connected to the multi-channel and multi-functional receiving path of the monitoring system” , provide the transmission of multichannel measured information to the receiving path for processing and analysis of received nonlinearly transformed luminal signals.

Signs indicating that “a signal generator of close stable frequency and a complex signal generator (LFM or FM) are included in the radiating path, the outputs of which are connected to the input of a two-channel power amplifier, and its outputs are with a two-channel block matching outputs of the power amplifier with submarine cables and further with radiating blocks (acoustic transducers) ”, they ensure the formation, amplification, transmission to the marine environment and radiation of close-frequency transmission signals, as well as complex LFM or FM pump signals cf food, which realizes the detection of places of manifestation of environmental violations, as well as the locations of violators and saboteurs in the surveyed area.

Signs indicating that the "receiving path of the measuring system is formed as multichannel and multifunctional, including one channel for spectral analysis and separation of signals of difference and (or) total frequency, containing series-connected blocks: a strip amplifier, a converter of the time scale of the signals in the high-frequency region, a narrow-band spectrum analyzer and a functionally connected recorder (recorder) ”, provide the ability to detect places of environmental disruption as iznakov nonlinear gain characteristics of the examined medium.

Signs indicating that “the reception path of the measuring system also includes 8 channels of correlation and cross-correlation analysis of received luminal signals, for this each of them includes series-connected units - strip amplifiers, two parallel-connected units for measuring correlation functions between signals central and extreme, located at the vertices of the triangles of hydrophones, then blocks measuring the functions of their mutual correlation of signals, the outputs of which are connected to the input of the block determining the intersection points of signals of cross-correlation functions (COMPUTER) ”, provide direction measurement to sources of formation of oil and gas accumulations, as well as locations of intruders with increased accuracy, including in conditions of increased environmental noise, as well as the transmission of measured information to the analysis unit - a computer .

An additional feature indicating that, “a multifunctional unit for measuring the environmental characteristics of the environment, is initially located in the place of the emitting blocks and is placed on the carrier vessel, which is then moved and installed in the places of the detected environmental changes in the environmental characteristics”, provides the implementation of the principle of formation of the structure of the measuring system and her fulfillment of all subsequent operations of environmental monitoring and control of the surveyed water area.

An additional sign indicating that “the controlled medium is irradiated with acoustic signals of close frequency in the range of kilohertz units” provides the acoustic illumination (pumping) of the medium that is optimal for the length of known oil and gas production areas, as well as the detection of oil and gas inclusions as inhomogeneities of the medium.

An additional feature indicating that “the controlled medium is periodically voiced by signals with time-frequency or phase modulation” provides reliable detection of violators of water boundaries as objects with “small wave parameters”, which is carried out simultaneously with its environmental monitoring.

An additional sign indicating that “monitoring and guarding the surveyed area, depending on the task, is carried out in a given sector of reception angles of reception signals relative to the emitting center”, increases the efficiency of the system of environmental monitoring and guarding the surveyed area. This is achieved by turning off the analysis lines that are not used in the work, which is done using the switching and switching unit of the analysis lines.

An additional sign indicating that “the information-analytical center (IAC) unit is included in the environmental monitoring and control system, which receives current information from space sources, mainly“ GLONASS ”satellite navigation systems and“ Gonets ”communications about the ecological state of the surface of the subject water area, as well as about the seismic and synoptic situation outside it, ”expands its functionality and increases the reliability of its implementation in changing environmental conditions.

The claimed invention is illustrated by drawings and drawings. In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of a system of environmental monitoring and control of the surveyed water area. In FIG. Figure 2 shows the arrangement of the emitting and receiving blocks of the system over the space of the controlled water area. In FIG. Figure 3 shows the directivity of the level of the signal of the difference frequency generated by the wake of the sea boat. Transmission signals of close frequency 960 Hz and 1040 Hz were emitted. The nonlinear region of the wake trace formed signals of a difference frequency of 80 Hz. The length of the light path was 25 km. In FIG. Figure 4 shows the spectrogram of the transmission signals of close frequency 405 Hz and 407 Hz converted by the nonlinear region of a moving marine vessel. The spectrogram shows the first 2HZ parametric component of the difference frequency and its harmonic (1 Hz and 3 Hz). The length of the light path was 40 km. In FIG. Figure 5 shows the spectrogram and the spectrum of hydrodynamic disturbances of the marine environment formed by a moving underwater swimmer using chirp signals on a 0.5 km light path. The frequency band of the chirp signal was 10–20 kHz, and the period (repeatability) of frequency modulation was 5 Hz. In FIG. 6a-d show examples of measurements of the ecological characteristics of the marine environment, performed using the Aquazond measuring complex.

The structural diagram of the system, environmental monitoring and protection of oil and gas production areas is shown in FIG. 1. The measuring system includes a radiating path 1, a multi-channel path for receiving, analyzing, extracting and recording information waves 15, the inputs of which are connected to the receiving blocks of the Pr1 - Pr8 system located along the surveyed water area, each of them is formed of three transducers located in a horizontal plane along triangles (hydrophones) connected to 8 radio-acoustic buoys (RSL 10.1 - RSL10.8) each. The monitoring and protection system also includes the Aquazond measuring complex 9 located at the site of the discovered oil and gas cluster 8.

The path for generating and amplifying the backlight signals of medium 1 is a two-channel electronic circuit, comprising: a signal generator of a close stabilized frequency 2 and a generator of complex LFM (or FM) signals 3, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of a two-channel power amplifier 4, then through a two-channel block 5 for matching its outputs with underwater cables they are connected to the emitting blocks (acoustic transducers) 6 and 7 (Fig. 1).

The receiving path of the measuring system 15 (Fig. 1) is a multi-channel and multi-functional electronic circuit including a multi-channel receiving radio block 11, then a switching block of receiving blocks and their channels 12. The outputs of the channel switching block 12 are connected to 8 lines of correlation analysis 13.1- 13.8. At the same time, each line of correlation analysis includes series-connected wideband amplifiers 13.1.1, then blocks of measuring the correlation functions of signals from middle and extreme single receivers (hydrophones 13.1.2, 13.1.3-13.8.2, 13.8.3), then outputs blocks of measuring functions of the correlation of signals are connected with blocks of measuring the function of cross-correlation 13.1.4-13.8.4, as well as with the inputs of the computer 16 calculating the directions to the sources of environmental manifestations, and then determining the intersection points of the lines of these directions as places the location of environmental manifestations, (oil and gas accumulations) or the location of violators of the boundaries of the protected area, the output of block 16 is connected to the recording unit of the measured cross-correlation functions 17, as well as to the radio block 18 for transmitting the measured information to the information-analytical center (IAC) 19. The receiving path of the monitoring system also includes a line of spectral analysis of the received translucent signals 14, which includes serially connected: a broadband amplifier 14.1 connected through a switching unit to channels 12 and RSL10.1 - RSL10.8 with converters of receiving blocks Pr.1-Pr.8. The broadband amplifier of the spectral analysis line 14.1 is connected in series with the time-scale converter of the received signals to the high-frequency region 14.2, then with a narrow-band spectrum analyzer 14.3, the outputs of which are connected to the computing unit 16 (computer), as well as to the spectrum recorder of the extracted information signals 14.4. The information-analytical center (IAC) 19 of the monitoring system includes interconnected system analysis unit of multichannel measured multifunctional information 21, connected through the receiving radio block 20 to the receiving path of the system 15, and through the transmitting radio block 22 connected to the receiving radio block 23 of the radiating path 1 of the measuring system. In addition, in FIG. 1 and 2 presents the surveyed water area 24.

The invention is implemented as follows. The backlight emitters 6 and 7 are installed in the center, and the receiving units, etc. 1-Ave 8 are located around the perimeter or circle of the surveyed water area.

An important measuring feature in the claimed invention is the determination of the location of sources of manifestation in the environment of environmental disturbances formed by oil and gas accumulations and (or) violators of its boundaries penetrating the water area. This operation, in turn, is carried out by receiving units horizontally located in a triangle, Project 1-Project 8, which is carried out as follows. The light signals are received by single receivers (hydrophones) and through the radio blocks RGB10.1 - RGB10.8, then through the receiving radio block 11 and the channel switching block 12, then through the broadband amplifiers 13.1.1-13.8.1 they transmit to the measurement units of the correlation functions 13.1. 2, 13.1.3 - 13.8.2, 13.8.3 between the middle and extreme converters. Further, the signals are sent to the measurement units of the cross-correlation functions 13.1.4-13.8.4, which provide the subsequent measurement of new signs, namely, directions to the places (sources) of manifestations of environmental disturbances, as well as the locations of violators 8, which the queue is provided by calculations of these signs on a computer (block 16). At the same time, in the places of manifestation of environmental disturbances or the presence of violators, a multi-functional meter of environmental environmental parameters “Aquazond” 9 is placed, the measured information from the output of which is transmitted via the communication channel to the input of the analysis unit (computer) 16. In addition, the system of environmental monitoring and protection of the water area by IAC 19 is included in the general marine lighting network due to the inclusion in the GLONASS satellite navigation systems and the Gonets communications (CCC), block 26. The inclusion of the monitoring and security system in Space communication navigation systems provide the possibility of generating backlight (pump) signals of the medium taking into account the conditions of wave propagation. In addition, this provides the opportunity to adjust the operating modes of the system as multifunctional to the variety of manifestations of the measured information waves, as well as taking into account the possible manifestations of dangerous seismic and synoptic phenomena in the work area and beyond.

“AQUAZOND” HYDROPHYSICAL FIELDS PARAMETERS MEASUREMENT METER

One of the most important aspects of the study of processes occurring in the ocean is the assessment and forecast of global climate change based on the results of observations in the monitoring of the marine environment. The main problem of making predictive assessments of the state of the marine environment is obtaining and analyzing field data.

The introduction of qualitatively new technologies and modern technical means makes it possible to create an effective monitoring and control system for activities in marine areas, to develop effective methods for assessing the spatio-temporal variability, environmental risks and forecasts of the dynamics of marine ecosystems based on scientific developments and measuring technologies carried out in SKB SAMI FEB RAS.

In addition, equipping water areas with autonomous systems equipped with various hydrophysical, hydroacoustic and seismic sensors with the transmission of information to remote receiving posts allows them to create marine water protection systems, record areas of technological interference in the environment, and create a tsunami warning system.

An example of such systems is the Akvatsikl automatic station developed at SKB SAMI FEB RAS. Structurally, it presents a sealed container with sensors for recording various hydrophysical fields installed on it, capable of moving in a sea water layer according to a given program, providing continuous recording of vertical distributions (profiles) of environmental parameters, which allows accurate estimation of both differential and integral characteristics of these distributions. Along with this, the Aquazond can stop - “freeze” for the right time to make measurements at given horizons.

The measurement results are transmitted via the VHF modem or satellite radio modem in the absence of direct visibility between the station setting point and the control point. The station sends the forms to the FTP server, from where they can be taken by the user. This can be either a user server or a Globalstar server. Files with a new task are transferred through the server to the station.

The number and type of sensors installed on the Aquazond hydrophysical fields cycling station is determined by the tasks to be solved and the parameters recorded. The table provides a list of some types of sensors and the parameters of the aquatic environment recorded with their help.

Characteristics of the Aquazond system for monitoring environmental parameters

Claims (6)

1. A radio-acoustic system for environmental monitoring and protection of oil and gas production areas, which includes emitting and receiving acoustic blocks located in the medium under study, a working zone of nonlinear interaction and parametric conversion of the pumping waves of the medium with the measured information waves connected to the acoustic blocks, the formation and amplification path of the emitted medium pump signals, as well as the path for receiving nonlinearly converted pump signals, their amplification, processing, and anal for highlighting the characteristics of the measured information waves in them, characterized in that the measuring system includes a block of omnidirectional irradiation of the medium with transparent acoustic signals of close stable frequency located in the center of the water area, as well as a radiation block of complex (LFM or FM) signals, and receiving blocks in the amount of 8 - and the products are placed along its perimeter (or circle) through 45 ° relative to the emitting center, while three hydrophones are included in each receiving unit of the system, which are placed in horizontal angles (pre preferably, isosceles) triangles, and their vertices are directed towards the radiating blocks, while the receiving hydrophones of each receiving block are connected to radio-acoustic buoys located on the sea surface, the outputs of which are transmitted through communication channels through a multi-channel receiving radio block, then the receiving channel switching unit is connected with a multi-channel and multi-functional receiving path of the monitoring system, and a signal generator of close stable frequency and a complex signal generator are included in its radiating path s (LFM or FM), the outputs of which are connected to the input of a two-channel power amplifier, and its outputs with a two-channel block matching outputs of the signal power amplifier with submarine cables and further with acoustic signal emission units (converters), while the receiving path of the measuring system is formed as a multi-channel and multifunctional, including one channel of spectral analysis and extraction of side signals of the difference and (or) total frequency, containing series-connected blocks - band-pass amplifier an amplifier, a converter of the time scale of the signals to the high-frequency region, a narrow-band spectrum analyzer and a functionally connected recorder (recorder), while the reception path of the measuring system also includes 8 channels of correlation and cross-correlation analysis of the received translucent signals, each of which includes series-connected blocks - strip amplifiers, two parallel-connected blocks for measuring the correlation functions between the signals of the central and extreme, located dix hydrophones at the vertices of triangles, blocks further measuring their cross-correlation functions of signals, the outputs of which are connected to the signal detecting unit intersection points of mutually-correlation functions (PC). 2. The radio-acoustic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the multifunctional unit for measuring the environmental characteristics of the medium is initially located in the place of the emitting blocks and is placed on the carrier vessel, which is then moved and installed in the places of the detected environmental changes in the environmental characteristics. 3. Radio-acoustic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of formation of luminal signals of a close frequency provides irradiation of the medium in the range of units of kilohertz. 4. The radio-acoustic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the controlled environment with a given periodicity is additionally voiced according to a given program by signals with time-frequency or phase modulation in the band of a few tens of kilohertz. 5. The radio-acoustic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring and protection of the examined area, depending on the problem being solved, is carried out in the sector of reception angles of reception signals relative to the emitting center. 6. The radio-acoustic system according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a unit of the information-analytical center (IAC), which is connected via communication channels to the blocks for transmitting current information from the GLONASS satellite navigation systems and the Gonets communication about the ecological state the surface of the surveyed water area, as well as about the seismic and synoptic conditions outside it.

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