RU2618579C1 - Lifting-and-conveying machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: lifting-and-conveying machine includes mounted in rotation bearings of the platforms racks the cable drum and harmonic drive, mounted coaxially with the latter and containing the plunger wave generator with tubular distributor, flexible wheel and tracking disc. The machine is provided with a switching device, configured to form the kinematic pair cable drum-flexible wheel or cable drum-tracking disk. The switching device is located on the cable drum wheel flange and have the form of installed on the two-armed levers racks, at the arms ends of which the connection rods are hinged, made with ability to contact the flange openings of the tracking disc or the flange openings of the harmonic drive housing.

EFFECT: expansion of the lifting-and-conveying machine functionality by increasing the developed torques and speeds range, which leads to the maximum and minimum rotational speed ratio increase.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hoisting-and-transport mechanical engineering, in particular to self-propelled hoisting-and-transport vehicles, in particular to winch-type devices, and can be used in the sectors of the Ministry of Emergencies and archeology, where it is necessary to use hoisting-and-transport devices with a wide range of developed moments and speeds, for example, dismantling of building structures and their further transportation, when first you need a large torque, but a low speed of movement, and then a small moment and a high speed displacement. Such conditions are created in emergency situations, during the dismantling of the rubble, as well as during archaeological excavations.

The lifting devices of a winch type are known from the prior art, comprising a cable drum and a wave reducer mounted coaxially with the latter (see, for example, RU No. 2393985, IPC B66D 1/39, publ. 07/10/2010; RU No. 2136577, IPC B66D 1/14, published on September 10, 1999).

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a self-propelled device containing a cable drum and a wave reducer mounted in the supports of the rotation of the platform struts, mounted coaxially with the latter and including a plunger wave former with a tubular distributor, a flexible wheel, a tracking disk (see RU No. 147989, IPC B62D 57/024, publ. 11/20/2014).

The main disadvantage of the above devices is a rather narrow range of developed moments and speeds and a low ratio of maximum and minimum speeds of the output shaft, which in the modern world is one of the important characteristics of winch devices.

The task to which the invention is directed is the development of a lifting and transport device capable of operating alternately in torque and speed modes.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed invention is to expand the functionality of the lifting and transport device by increasing the range of developed moments and speeds, which entails an increase in the ratio of maximum speed to minimum.

The problem underlying the present invention is solved in that the lifting and transport device comprising a cable drum and a wave reducer mounted in the supports of the platform struts, mounted coaxially with the latter and including a plunger wave former with a tubular distributor, a flexible wheel and a tracking disk, is equipped with devices switching made with the possibility of the formation of kinematic pairs cable drum-flexible wheel or cable drum-tracking disk.

In addition, the switching devices are located on the flange of the cable drum and have the form of two-arm levers mounted on the uprights, at the ends of the arms of which rods are pivotally mounted, which are able to contact the holes of the tracking disk flange or the holes of the wave gear housing flange, and these flanges are mounted coaxially relative to each other friend.

In addition, the wave reducer is configured to provide frictional wave transmission of the developed torques and speeds, while the plunger wave former, the flexible wheel and the tracking disk are mounted coaxially in the bearing supports of the housing and the cover of the wave reducer.

In addition, the flexible wheel is made in the form of a smooth thin-walled pipe with an end seal, which is made integral with the cover of the wave reducer.

In addition, on one side of the body of the wave gearbox is fixed a connecting disk with radially arranged holes made with the possibility of contact with the connection rods of the switching devices.

In addition, the tracking disk is made with a cylindrical shank on which a connecting disk is fixed with radially arranged openings made with the possibility of contact with the connection rods of the switching devices.

Providing the claimed technical solution with switching devices made with the possibility of forming kinematic pairs, a cable drum-flexible wheel or a cable drum-tracking disk ensures the operation of the hoisting-and-transport device alternately in torque and speed modes. At the same time, the connection of the flexible wheel with the cable drum using switching devices allows the hoisting-and-transport device to operate in the torque motor mode at low speed, and the connection of the cable drum to the tracking disk allows you to work in high-speed mode.

The implementation of the flexible wheel in the form of a smooth thin-walled pipe with an end seal, which is made integral with the cover of the wave gear, allows you to transfer the developed moment to the cable drum using a friction gear, the gear ratio of which depends on the diameter of the flexible wheel, the amount of deformation and the diameter of the plunger wave former, on which the flexible wheel is supported by its inner side during deformation.

These signs are significant and interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the specified technical result.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with identified analogues of the prior art, from which the invention does not explicitly follow for a specialist in the field of hoisting and transport engineering.

The present invention is industrially applicable, as it can be implemented using well-known technologies and materials used in the production of hoisting-and-transport devices for emergency situations with a wide range of developed moments and speeds.

The invention is illustrated by a specific example of the proposed lifting-transport device, which clearly demonstrates the possibility of obtaining the specified technical result. Various modifications and improvements are permitted without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

The preferred embodiment of the proposed technical solution is described further on the basis of the drawings, where:

- in FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a material handling device;

- in FIG. 2 shows a cross section AA of FIG. one;

- in FIG. 3 shows a cross section BB of FIG. one;

- in FIG. 4 shows a cross section CC of FIG. one.

In the drawings, the corresponding structural elements of the hoisting device are indicated by the following positions:

1. - a tubular distributor;

2. - latch;

3. - a gear wheel;

4. - cover;

5. - bearing;

6. - latch;

7. - plunger wave former;

8. - plungers;

9. - seal;

10. - a ball;

11. - bearing;

12. - tracking disk;

13. - bearing;

14. - axis;

15. - a flexible wheel;

16. - a cover of a wave reducer;

17. - latch;

18. - the wave gear housing;

19. - latch;

20. - flange of the tracking disk;

21. - bearing;

22. - bearing;

23. - cable drum;

24. - connection rod of the switching device;

25. - connection rod of the switching device;

26. - switching device;

27. - latch;

28. - payload;

29. - bearing;

30. - stand;

31. - hole;

32. - hole;

33. - flange of the wave gear housing;

34. - flange of the cable drum.

The hoisting-and-transport device (Fig. 1) contains a cable drum 23 mounted in the supports of rotation of the platform racks and a wave reducer mounted coaxially with the latter and including a plunger wave former 7 with a tubular distributor 1, which is connected by a latch 2 to the gear wheel 3, a flexible wheel 15 and tracking disk 12. The wave reducer is configured to provide frictional wave transmission of the developed torques and speeds, while the plunger wave former 7, the flexible wheel 15 and the tracking di to 12 are mounted coaxially in bearings of the body 18 and cover 16 of the wave gear. The tubular distributor 1 is centered with the cover 4 by the bearing 5. The cover 4 is fixedly connected to the plunger wave former 7 by means of clamps 6, in which sixteen plungers 8 with seals 9 and balls 10 are arranged uniformly in radial grooves in the plunger wave former 7 coaxially with bearing 11 mounted tracking disk 12, which are evenly spaced around four bearings 13, which are mounted on the axes 14. (Fig. 2). The plunger wave former 7 and the tracking disk 12 are located inside the smooth flexible wheel 15, made in the form of a smooth thin-walled tube with an end seal, which is made integral with the cover 16 of the wave reducer, which is attached by latches 17 to one of the ends of the housing 18 of the wave reducer. At the other end, the wave gear housing 18 is rigidly connected to the disk flange (connecting disk) 33 by means of a retainer 27. The flange 33 of the wave gear housing contains sixteen radially spaced holes 31 uniformly distributed around the circumference. The housing 18 of the wave gearbox is centered with a bearing disk 12 by a bearing 21. On the shaft of the monitoring disk 12, a flange (connecting disk) 20 is mounted rigidly with a latch 19, having sixteen radially spaced openings 32. The output links are a tracking disk 12 and a flexible wheel 15, made at the same time with a cover 16 of the wave gear and bonded to the housing 18 of the wave gear, respectively. These flanges 20 and 33 are mounted coaxially with respect to each other. The cable drum 23 can be connected in turn with a tracking disk 12 or with a flexible wheel 15 due to the formation of kinematic pairs of a cable drum-flexible wheel or cable drum-tracking disk using switching devices 26 of their rods 24, 25 of the connection and holes 31, 32 of the flanges 20 and 33 respectively. In this case, the switching devices are located on the flange 34 of the cable drum 23 and have the form of two-arm levers mounted on the uprights, at the ends of the shoulders of which connection rods 24 and 25 are pivotally mounted, which are able to contact the holes 32 of the flange 20 of the tracking disk or the holes 31 of the flange 33 of the wave case gearbox.

A payload 28 is attached to the cable drum 23, and the cable drum 23 itself is centered in the rack 30 by means of a bearing 29.

Hoisting device operates as follows. In the absence of a working fluid (for example, compressed air), the plungers 8 are in a recessed state, the flexible wheel 15 is not deformed, the switching devices 26 are in the neutral position when the cable drum 23 is not connected to either of the two output links. In FIG. 4 shows the openings 31 and 32, through which through the switching device the cable drum is connected to a flexible wheel or a tracking disk.

When a control signal is supplied, compressed air through the tubular distributor 1 enters the plungers 8 of the plunger wave former 7 and moves them, deforming the flexible wheel 15. A total force vector is created, which is transmitted to the bearings 13 of the tracking disk 12. (Fig. 3).

The switching devices 26 are located on the flange 34 of the cable drum 23 and are connected with the rods 25 to the housing 33 of the wave gear, which is fixed by a retainer 27 to the flexible wheel 15. When the tubular distributor 1 is rotated by means of a gear wheel 3 (electric motor or manually), the flow is redistributed compressed air, the plungers 8 of the plunger wave former 7, moving alternately, deform the flexible wheel 15 and create a deformation wave. The flexible wheel 15 deforming, in conjunction with the outer surface of the plunger wave former 7 creates a frictional wave transmission, the developed torque and speed are determined by the total force created by the plungers and the ratio of the diameters of the flexible wheel 15 and the plunger wave former 7. Thus, the power or moment mode is realized. To switch to high-speed mode, it is necessary to stop the rotation of the tubular distributor 1, while the supply of compressed air is not interrupted. The deformed flexible wheel 15 stops in a fixed position. Using the switching device 26, a disconnection occurs with the flexible wheel 15 and the connection with the tracking disk 12 through the flange 20 of the tracking disk, holes 32 and the rod 24. In this case, the developed moment is transmitted directly through the deformed flexible wheel 15 to the tracking disk 12, and then using devices 26 switching and cable drum 23. The speed of rotation of the output shaft in this case is determined by the speed of rotation of the tubular distributor 1.

When connecting devices 26 switching the cable drum 23 with the rod 24 with the flange 20 and, accordingly, the tracking disk 12, the rotation speed of the cable drum is determined by the speed range of the tubular distributor from 1 to 15 revolutions per second depending on the rotation speed of the electric motor. In this case, the developed moment is determined by the created forces of the plungers 8 of the wave former 7 and the contact geometry of the flexible wheel 15 with the tracking disk 12.

When switching the switching devices 26, the cable drum 23 is connected with the rod 25, respectively, to the flexible wheel 15. In this case, the range of rotational speeds is determined by the range of rotational speeds of the electric motor multiplied by the gear ratio of the friction gear. The value, which is determined by the ratio of the diameter of the undeformed flexible wheel to the difference between the maximum and minimum deformation of the flexible wheel, is from 25 to 70. These ratios were obtained experimentally. The developed moment is determined by the efforts developed by the plungers of the plunger wave former.

The proposed design combines the properties of a high-speed motor using a tracking disk and a torque motor using a friction wave transmission. In conventional wave motors, the speed range is 15-20 (the ratio of maximum to minimum speed.) In this design, the speed range is 1050. Torque ratios also increase by 25-70 times (due to the use of friction gear).

The manufacture of the proposed hoisting-and-transport device does not require the development of new equipment and the re-equipment of existing facilities, and the tools used are widely used in hoisting-and-transport mechanical engineering, which confirms the possibility of practical implementation and achievement of the technical result.

Claims (6)

1. A hoisting-and-transport device comprising a cable drum and a wave reducer mounted in the supports of rotation of the platform racks, mounted coaxially with the latter and including a plunger wave former with a tubular distributor, a flexible wheel tracking disk, characterized in that it is equipped with switching devices configured to form kinematic pairs, cable drum-flexible wheel or cable drum-tracking disc. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching devices are located on the flange of the cable drum and have the form of two-arm levers mounted on the uprights, at the ends of the shoulders of which connection rods are pivotally mounted, which are able to contact the holes of the flange of the tracking disk or the holes of the housing flange wave gear, and these flanges are mounted coaxially relative to each other. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wave reducer is configured to provide frictional wave transmission of the developed torques and speeds, while the plunger wave former, the flexible wheel and the tracking disk are mounted coaxially in the bearings of the housing and the cover of the wave reducer. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the flexible wheel is made in the form of a smooth thin-walled pipe with an end seal, which is made integral with the cover of the wave gear. 5. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that on one of the sides of the wave gear housing is mounted a disk flange with radially spaced openings made with the possibility of contact with the connection rods of the switching devices. 6. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the tracking disk is made with a cylindrical shank, on which a disk flange is mounted with radially spaced openings made with the possibility of contact with the connection rods of the switching devices.

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