RU2618104C1 - Integrated method for monitoring and analysis of bench press competitive exercise movement of athletes with musculoskeletal system disorders, engaged in powerlifting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sports.

SUBSTANCE: integrated method of control and analysis of the bench press competitive exercise movements of athletes with musculoskeletal system disorders, engaged in powerlifting, consists in determining the kinematic and additionally dynamic and electromyographic parameters of the bench press competitive exercise movements of athletes, with transferring the data on a computer monitor, recording the information with allocating time intervals and structuring them by stages, phases and periods, with drawing up a printed report.

EFFECT: obtaining graphs with the synchronous recording of kinematic, dynamic and electromyographic parameters for joint analysis of the bench press competitive exercise techniques.

2 cl, 2 tbl, 1 dwg, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of sports, in particular, to a method for monitoring and analyzing biomechanical and electromyographic parameters of a competitive bench press exercise for athletes with a musculoskeletal system involved in powerlifting, and can be used as a control for a training and competitive process, as well as when working with disabled people, in medical institutions, fitness centers and other health institutions.

A known method of monitoring and analyzing the movements of an athlete (patent No. 2361637, RU). The method consists in shooting the studied movements by several video cameras, transferring the obtained video fragment to the computer, calculating the motion path of the control points and their mathematical analysis using the computer.

The disadvantage of this method of recording and analyzing the athlete’s movements when performing a competitive bench press exercise is to register only kinematic characteristics, excluding dynamic and electromyographic motion parameters, which take into account the speed-strength characteristics of the movement and the role of the main muscle groups that determine it.

The closest is a prototype for the technique of performing a bench press by athletes with disabilities (B.I. Sheiko, E.V. Okhlyuyev. Technique for performing a bench press by athletes with disabilities // Adaptive physical culture, sports and health: the integration of science and practice: international proceedings scientific-practical conference, Part II.- Ufa: RIC BashIFK, 2009. S. 260-269).

The kinematic structure of the competitive bench press exercise for athletes with disabilities was studied, which testifies to the analysis of motor actions using optoelectronic methods, namely a digital camera with subsequent processing of a video fragment in the environment of the Motion Trace / WeightLifting program. The program allows you to get graphs of the trajectories of points of interest, as well as graphs of the vertical components of the displacements, speeds and accelerations of these points depending on time. The trajectories are reduced to a plane parallel to the sagittal plane of the athlete, regardless of the angle of shooting.

The main disadvantage in registering a competitive bench press exercise for athletes with disabilities in this way is the registration of quantitative characteristics that allow you to distinguish only trajectories, speeds, accelerations, etc. that do not take into account the speed-strength characteristics of movement and the role of the main muscle groups in the formation of individual equipment, which depend on the type of pathology.

The technical result is the synchronous registration of kinematic, dynamic and electromyographic parameters for a joint analysis of the technique of competitive bench press exercises.

The task of a comprehensive method for controlling and analyzing the movements of a competitive bench press exercise for athletes with a musculoskeletal system lesion involved in powerlifting is to record and analyze the athlete's movements to obtain kinematic, dynamic and electromyographic characteristics.

The problem is solved by determining the kinematic parameters of the movement of the competitive exercise bench press barbell system - the athlete when raising and lowering the barbell with the given control points on the projectile by shooting the studied movements with a video camera, transmitting the received image to the computer, recording information with the allocation of time intervals and structuring them in stages, periods. Additionally, the dynamic and electromyographic parameters of the competitive bench press exercise are recorded with the data transmitted to a computer monitor, the information is recorded with the allocation of time intervals and structured by stages, periods and phases, and the dynamic parameter of the competitive bench press exercise is determined by obtaining data from the effort developed by the athlete in the back and pelvis due to two force-coordinate platforms with four groups of sensors connected to the computer, The electromyographic parameters of the movement of the competitive bench press exercise are determined by obtaining data from the electromyograph electrodes attached to the athlete’s body and connected to a computer to record the electrical activity of eight symmetrical muscles, which are divided into two groups, namely the leading muscles (right and left pectoral muscle, right and left triceps muscle of the shoulder) and non-leading (right and left latissimus dorsi, left and right biceps) muscle. At the same time, the program synchronously records the graphs of the motion paths of the competitive bench press exercise of kinematic, dynamic and electromyographic parameters with the allocation of time intervals, additionally breaks the bench bench competitive exercise into stages, periods and phases with the formation of a printed report.

When determining the electrical activity of muscles, eight symmetric muscles are recorded, which are divided into two groups, namely, the leading muscles (right and left pectoral muscle, right and left triceps muscle of the shoulder) and non-leading muscles (right and left latissimus dorsi, left and right biceps shoulder muscle).

Thus, graphs with synchronous registration of kinematic, dynamic and electromyographic motion parameters allow you to see the sports technique of the bench press exercise from the most informative point of view of functionally significant stages, periods and phases, and the electrical activity of the muscles during these periods will allow you to solve a specific motor problem with existing pathology for athletes with disabilities.

Table 1 presents the kinematic, dynamic and electromyographic parameters of the competitive bench press exercise.

Kinematic parameters (motor) of the movement of a competitive bench press exercise are the vertical coordinate (m), vertical speed (m / s) and vertical acceleration (m / s ² ).

The dynamic (power) motion parameter is a ballogram (H), which determines the effort developed by the athlete vertically on the platform in the back and pelvis when performing the exercise.

The electromyographic parameters of the movement of a competitive bench press exercise are the registration of the electrical activity of 8 symmetrical muscles, which are divided into two groups, namely the leading muscles (right and left pectoral muscle, right and left triceps muscle of the shoulder) and non-leading (right and left latissimus dorsi , left and right biceps) muscle.

The drawing shows a device for the synchronous registration of kinematic, dynamic and electromyographic parameters to obtain graphs for their joint analysis and the formation of a printed report. The device consists of a bench 1 for bench press in powerlifting, containing a power-coordinate platform in the back 2 and a power-coordinate platform in the pelvis 3, connected by the first input to the outputs of the second, third, fourth sensors 4 of the power-coordinate platform in the back 2 and the first entrance with the outputs of the second , third, fourth sensors 5 of the coordinate platform in the pelvic region 3, connected by the first inputs and outputs with the input-output of the hub 6, and the second input-output - with the input-output of a personal computer 9. Also 6 is connected to the hub by eight-myography, which is connected to the third input-output - to the input-output of the personal computer 9. separately connected to the personal computer 9 8 camcorder Casio Exilim EX-F1. The program is launched on computer 9 (A comprehensive modified program for a bench in powerlifting, developed at the Department of Adaptive Physical Culture of KGUFKST (patent for utility model 116058, patent for invention 2489177), and a program developed in the laboratory of KGUFKST "Video Motion Analysis" (certificate No. 2015663060 ) to record biomechanical and electromyographic parameters that are synchronized.The program is designed to enter, display, save the results of the athlete’s exercises. ozhet function without the connected devices to view and modify the data).

On the neck of the bar 10 several markers 11 are fixed (arbitrarily several points) for further tracking of movements in digital format with obtaining kinematic characteristics reflected on the computer monitor 9.

Electrodes of the electromyograph 13 are applied to the fat-free skin of the athlete 12. To enter the electromyograms, the electrodes 13 are fixed on the examined muscles of the athlete 12. A ground electrode is installed on the inner surface of the right hand.

Athlete 12 is laid on bench 1 to perform a competitive bench press exercise. The back is on the silo-coordinate platform in the area of the back 2, the pelvis is on the silo-coordinate platform 3, so that to be symmetrical to the bench, the athlete's legs were fixed to the bench with a special belt 10 cm wide below the belt to exclude the participation of the legs during the competition exercise. Athlete 12 puts his hands on the bar with disks 10 to perform a competitive bench press exercise.

Then the athlete 12 on a team performed a competitive exercise bench press in compliance with the competitive teams and all devices were turned on at the same time. At the end of the competitive exercise, the bench press from the computer gives the command to stop recording all devices. Data received from devices is transferred to a personal computer via a standard USB bus.

On the computer monitor 9, a competitive bench press exercise is represented by kinematic, dynamic, and electromyographic parameters in the form of graphs (table 1).

Synchronously recorded kinematic, dynamic and electromyographic motion parameters made it possible to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the competitive bench press exercise and identify functionally significant stages, periods and phases (table 2), which take into account the speed-strength characteristics of the movement and the role of the main muscle groups that determine it.

Stage 1 - starting position.

Stage 2 - removing the bar from the racks and fixing the bar on straight arms.

Stage 3 - lowering the barbell to the chest (inferior mode of operation).

The first period - boom acceleration consists of 2 phases: 1 phase - from the moment the bar starts to move down to the moment of development of maximum acceleration and 2 phase - from the moment of development of maximum acceleration of the bar to the moment of development of maximum speed.

The second period is the braking of the bar, which is divided into 2 phases. Phase 1 - from the moment of development of the maximum rod speed to the moment of minimum acceleration. 2 phase - from the moment of development of the minimum acceleration of the bar to the cessation of movement (bar on the chest).

Stage 4 - holding the barbell on the chest (isometric mode). By lowering the barbell to the chest, the athlete must maintain it in a stationary position. The fixed position of the barbell on the chest means the cessation of its movement and the time it is on the chest.

Stage 5 - the bench itself (overcoming mode) (2 periods and 4 phases).

The first period is the acceleration of the rod, consisting of 1 phase - from the moment the rod starts to move up to the moment of development of the maximum positive acceleration and 2 phases - from the moment of development of the maximum acceleration of the rod to the moment of development of the maximum speed.

In the second period - the braking of the bar there are 2 phases. Phase 1 - from the moment of development of the maximum rod speed to the moment of development of minimum acceleration. 2 phase - from the moment of development of the minimum acceleration of the bar to the moment of fixing the bar on outstretched arms.

Stage 6 - fixing the bar on outstretched arms (isometric mode).

Stage 7 - fixing the bar on the racks.

The method is as follows. Athlete 12 is laid on bench 1 to perform a competitive bench press exercise. The back is on a power-coordinate platform in the back 4, the pelvis is on the platform 6, so as to be symmetrical to the bench, the athlete’s legs were fixed to the bench with a special belt 10 cm wide below the belt to exclude participation of the legs during the competition exercise. Athlete 12 puts his hands on the bar with disks 10 to perform a competitive bench press exercise.

Then the athlete 12 on a team performed a competitive exercise bench press in compliance with competitive teams. At the end of the competitive exercise, the bench press from the computer gives the command to stop recording all devices. Data received from devices is transferred to a personal computer via a standard USB bus.

A study of the structural and functional analysis of a competitive bench press exercise revealed 7 stages, 4 periods and 8 phases.

Stage 1 - starting position.

Stage 2 - removing the bar from the racks and fixing the bar on straight arms.

Stage 3 - lowering the barbell to the chest (inferior mode of operation).

The first period - boom acceleration consists of 2 phases: 1 phase - from the moment the bar starts to move down to the moment of development of maximum acceleration and 2 phase - from the moment of development of maximum acceleration of the bar to the moment of development of maximum speed.

The second period is the braking of the bar, which is divided into 2 phases. Phase 1 - from the moment of development of the maximum rod speed to the moment of minimum acceleration. 2 phase - from the moment of development of the minimum acceleration of the bar to the cessation of movement (bar on the chest).

Stage 4 - holding the barbell on the chest (isometric mode). By lowering the barbell to the chest, the athlete must maintain it in a stationary position. The fixed position of the barbell on the chest means the cessation of its movement and the time it is on the chest.

Stage 5 - the bench itself (overcoming mode) (2 periods and 4 phases).

The first period is the acceleration of the rod, consisting of 1 phase - from the moment the rod starts to move up to the moment of development of the maximum positive acceleration and 2 phases - from the moment of development of the maximum acceleration of the rod to the moment of development of the maximum speed.

In the second period - the braking of the bar there are 2 phases. Phase 1 - from the moment of development of the maximum rod speed to the moment of development of minimum acceleration. 2 phase - from the moment of development of the minimum acceleration of the bar to the moment of fixing the bar on outstretched arms.

Stage 6 - fixing the bar on outstretched arms (isometric mode).

Stage 7 - fixing the rod to the rack.

In addition to biomechanical characteristics, it is essential to identify the role of the main muscle groups (electromyographic motion parameters) in the structural and functional analysis of the competitive bench press exercise in the selected time intervals to achieve a high sports result. In order to avoid asynchronization in the work of muscles and, consequently, errors in lifting the bar (skew) throughout the entire competitive bench press exercise and determine the work of muscles in different phases, which will allow the trainer to vary the load on certain muscle groups to obtain the maximum result.

The resulting table 2 is convenient for monitoring and analyzing the movements of the competitive exercise bench press athletes with lesions of the musculoskeletal system involved in powerlifting, so that you can structure the technique of movements with the allocation of time intervals that differentiate into stages, periods and phases, and the electrical activity of muscles in these periods will allow to solve a specific motor problem with the existing pathology in disabled athletes.

Thus, the analysis of biomechanical and electromyographic parameters makes it possible to single out the phases of the implementation of the competitive exercise bench press in powerlifting that are most informative from the point of view of sports equipment and objectively, quantitatively evaluate them.

The information received by the trainer can become the basis for improving the training process, and for judges - an objective criterion for the correctness of the performance of sports exercises in competitions.

Claims (2)

1. A comprehensive method for controlling and analyzing the movements of a competitive exercise bench press athletes with a lesion of the musculoskeletal system engaged in powerlifting, which consists in determining the kinematic parameters of the movement of the competitive exercise bench press benchbell system - an athlete when raising and lowering the barbell with the specified control points on the apparatus by shooting video camera of the studied movements, transfer of the received image to the computer, recording information with the allocation of time intervals and structures them in stages, periods, characterized in that they additionally record the dynamic and electromyographic parameters of the movement of the competitive bench press exercise, transferring the received data to a computer monitor, recording information with the allocation of time intervals and structuring them into stages periods and phases, moreover, the dynamic parameter of the competitive exercise the bench press is determined by obtaining data from the effort developed by the athlete in the back and pelvis due to two force-coordinate platforms with four With the help of groups of sensors connected to a computer, the electromyographic parameters of the movement of a competitive bench press exercise are determined by obtaining data from the electromyograph electrodes mounted on the athlete’s body and connected to a computer and allowing to record the electrical activity of symmetrical muscles, while the program simultaneously records the graphs of the motion paths of the competitive bench press exercise lying kinematic, dynamic and electromyographic parameters with the allocation of time intervals, additionally breaks the bench press with the formation of a printed report into stages, periods and phases. 2. The complex method according to p. 1, characterized in that when determining the electrical activity of the muscles, eight symmetrical muscles are recorded, which are divided into two groups, namely, the leading muscles (right and left pectoral muscle, right and left triceps muscle of the shoulder) and non-knowing ( the right and left latissimus dorsi, the left and right biceps of the shoulder) muscles.

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