RU2618007C1 - Method for condensing pulp using acoustic waves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: method of thickening sludge using ultrasonic waves includes its purification from coarse, medium size, fine and colloidal slurry of particles in a mud settler, mixing in the main sump roughly clarified sludge with a chemical reagent solution previously prepared and acoustically dispersed, mechanical mixing of the pulp with a solution of the chemical reagent and simultaneously irradiating them in the main sump, gravity thickening sludge, thickened sludge from the main fence sump and acoustic pre-drying to a moisture content of not more than 50%, and transporting the condensed acoustically dried sludge and its subsequent dehydration, transportation condensed and dewatered sludge to deep processing or disposal. The main settler is a thickener in which a pulp with a solution of a chemical reagent is irradiated with hydroacoustic waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency bands with an acoustic pressure amplitude of at least 104 Pa at a distance 1m from the corresponding hydroacoustic radiator. Impact on the pulp in a mud sediment basin with the help of hydroacoustic waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency ranges with an acoustic pressure amplitude of at least 102 Pa at a distance 1m from the corresponding hydroacoustic radiator. The effect is exerted on the condensed precipitate by means of sonoacoustic waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency ranges with an acoustic pressure amplitude of at least 102 Pa at a distance 1m from the corresponding hydroacoustic emitter.

EFFECT: invention allows to effectively thicken the sediment and clarify the pulp in a relatively simple way with minimal financial and time costs, ensuring medical safety for humans and environmental safety for the environment.

8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of physics and can be used: for thickening the products of enrichment of concentration plants of the ore and nonmetallic industries, coal enrichment, hydrometallurgy, etc. - in the interests of improving safety (industrial and environmental); for purification of industrial industrial water (OPV) from sludge particles in thickeners - to increase production efficiency (for example, to improve the quality of diamond extraction); for the preparation of drinking water (for thickening sludge) and the further use of condensed sludge as a raw material - in the interests of rational nature management, etc.

A known method of thickening the pulp (with their simultaneous clarification) using gravity (sedimentation method), in which there is a separation of sludge particles (SC) from water under the action of gravity. In this case, the settling speed of the HF depends on their size, density and viscosity of the medium / TSB, 2nd ed., 1949, v. 31, p. 438 /.

The main disadvantages of this method are:

1. The duration of the process of thickening (and clarification) of fine particles (TDP) ranging in size from 0.5 microns to 5.0 microns of pulp.

2. Low density of condensed sediment - due to limitations of gravity.

3. The inability to clean the pulp from colloidal particles (CN) - less than 0.5 microns in size.

4. High costs (capital and operational) for the implementation of the method, etc.

A known method of thickening the pulp (with their simultaneous clarification) using an acoustic filter, which consists in separating solid particles (sludge) of the pulp from the liquid phase (water) by passing a filtered suspension (pulp) through an acoustic filter, a metal mesh is used as a filtering partition, oscillating with a frequency of 100 Hz / Kord P. Genive Chimique, No. 10, 1956. Ultrasound in mineral processing / Ed. V.A. Glembotsky. - Alma-Ata: Science, 1972, p. 170 /.

The main disadvantages of this method are:

1. Low productivity of thickening and clarification of tailings - due to the limited area of the filtering partition.

2. Low sediment density - due to natural limitations of gravity.

3. The impossibility of cleaning the tailings of the enrichment factor and TDP - due to technical limitations in the properties of the filtering partition.

4. High costs (capital and operating) for the implementation of this method, etc.

A known method of thickening the tailings of enrichment (with their simultaneous clarification) using chemical reagents (coagulants, flocculants), which consists in: preparing a solution of a chemical reagent (RHR), dosing it in the tailings of the enrichment (in the pulp), mixing RHR with pulp and ensuring conditions its (RHR) effective work, as well as the subsequent removal of condensed sediment and the discharge of clarified water / Dytnersky Yu.I. Processes and devices of chemical technology: Textbook for universities. - Ed. 2nd. In 2 books: Part 1. Theoretical foundations of chemical technology processes. Hydromechanical and thermal processes and apparatuses. - M .: Chemistry, 1995 .-- 400 p. Kurenkov V.F. Polyacrylamide flocculants // Soros Educational Journal. - 1997. - No. 7. S. 57-63 /.

The main disadvantages of this method are: - high capital (for the construction of thickeners, etc.) and operational (for the purchase of chemical reagents) costs;

- potentially high environmental hazard during transportation and storage of chemicals;

- the complexity of the correct dosage of the chemical substance - due to the dependence of the dosage on: the concentration of HF in the pulp, physico-chemical properties of HF (especially HF), parameters (temperature, etc.) of the external environment;

- high energy consumption during the introduction of RXR into the pulp (perikinetic stage — intensive short-term mixing of RXR with the initial suspension and polymer adsorption on the solid – liquid interface) - due to the need for dispersion of RXR and the necessary particle collision frequency;

- the duration of the process of enlargement and growth of flocculi (orthokinetic stage), when they acquire a greater density and weight, and also settle under the action of gravitational forces. Moreover, it is important that at one point in time particles collide with surfaces coated with a polymer. Therefore, this process is accelerated with slow stirring, when the floccule connection is gradual (at a high mixing speed, the floccules can break down and separate from each other and when reconnected rarely reach the optimal size and strength);

- change in the physical properties of new formations, because the processes of charge neutralization (coagulation) and floccule formation (flocculation) are so different that each of these systems, where solids are removed, has its own limitations on physical parameters. For example, the flocculating ability of reagents in industrial disperse systems depends on a large number of factors; therefore, it is difficult to correctly assess the influence of individual factors on the flocculating effect;

- reduction of flocculating activity in the process of preparation, storage, transportation from the place of preparation to the thickener. This is due not only to a decrease in molecular weight due to the destruction of macromolecules resulting from chemical, physical and microbiological influences, but also to an increase in the compactness of macromolecular tangles (globules) as a result of intramolecular redistribution of hydrogen bonds, etc.

A known method of reagent-free water purification and sediment compaction, which consists in almost complete - more than 90% purification from coarse particles - part size of more than 50 microns, suspended solids (EXPLOSIVES), significant - more than 50% purification of medium-dispersed particles - particle size from 5 microns to 50 microns , Explosive insignificant - less than 50% purification from fine dispersion (TD) - particle size from 0.5 μm to 5 microns, explosive, partial - less than 10% purification from cn, by periodic - with alternating radiation and pause modes, as well as sequential frequency, formation in the main sedimentation tank (sediment Nike for circulating water) traveling hydroacoustic waves (BHWA) of the sound frequency range (HFD) - in the frequency range from 16 Hz to 16 kHz and the ultrasonic frequency range (UHF) - in the frequency range above 16 kHz; complete cleaning of the CDF, almost complete cleaning of the CDF, substantial cleaning of the CDP, and also partial cleaning of the CD in the first additional settler - by periodically and sequentially generating traveling hydroacoustic waves (BHAV) of the sound frequency range (UHF) and the ultrasonic frequency range ( UZDCH); complete cleaning of the MFD, almost complete cleaning of the MFD, minor cleaning of the MF in the second additional settler - by periodically and sequentially generating intense standing hydroacoustic waves (GWS) of the MHF and the MFD frequency; complete purification from TDS, almost complete purification from CS in the third additional settling tank - by periodically and sequentially generating intensive SGAW ZD and SPL frequencies, as well as additional purification from EXPLOSIVES by filtering water through drainage systems and passing through natural oxygen aeration systems with oxygen between all sedimentation tanks; in complete purification from CS in a special facility - acoustic hydrocyclone (AGC) by mixing and degassing the water being purified with an excess of static pressure of 3-5 atm, as well as by irradiating it with intense - with an amplitude of sound pressure of at least 10 ⁵ Pa at a distance of 1 m from emitter, GWA UHF at a frequency close to the resonant frequency of gas bubbles due to: acoustic coagulation, predominantly ADW and TDHH - in HHW HW and UHF (in the main and first additional sump); acoustic coagulation, mainly TDVV and KCh - SGAV ZDCh and UZDCH (in the second and third additional settlers); acoustic coagulation, mainly CFC, HM and salts - acoustic cavitation mode (in a special structure): gravitational deposition of previously acoustically coagulated SDVV, TDVV and KCh (in the main sump, in the first, second and third additional sumps, as well as in a special construction); acoustic compaction of sediment (in a special structure) / Bakharev S.A. The method of purification and disinfection of circulating and waste water. - RF patent No. 2280490, 2005, publ. July 27, 2006, Bull. No. 21. FIPS Diploma in the nomination: “100 Best Inventions of Russia”.

The main disadvantages of this method include:

1. The low quality of sediment thickening and clarification of water due to the presence of TDS and CN in the original water system.

2. Low productivity of sludge thickening and clarification of water due to the presence of TDP and CN in the original water system.

3. The high cost of thickening a unit volume (for example, 1 m ³ ) of sediment and clarification of a unit volume of water.

4. The bulkiness of the treatment plant, etc.

Closest to the claimed method relates to the selected method of the prototype, which consists in cleaning from KDP, MF, TDP (finely dispersed) and CN, plankton (PMT) and algae (VDR), as well as from pathogenic bacteria (BB), heavy metals (ТМ), petroleum products (NPR) by periodic (with alternating radiation and pause) and consecutive frequency of formation in the settling tank BGAV ZDCh and UZDCH, as well as in the mixing of contaminated industrial water with RHR (aluminum oxychloride) pre-prepared (from a mixture of chemical reaction nta and water) and acoustically dispersed (uniformly ground), in the removal of MF, TDP, KCh, BB, PLT, VDR and NPR in the first additional sedimentation tank by periodically and sequentially in frequency, forming in the settler BGAV ZDCh and UZDCH, as well as by aeration of purified water with tiny air bubbles; in the cleaning of TDP, KCh, BB PLT, VDR and NPR in the second additional sump by periodic and sequential in frequency, the formation of SZAV ZDCh in the sump; as well as by aerating the purified water with tiny air bubbles; in purification from CP, BB, PLT and VDR in a special facility - magnetoacoustic hydrocyclone (MAGC) by actively mixing water in a rotating hydroflow with excessive static pressure and irradiating it with intense hydroacoustic waves of the ZChD, as well as low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) electromagnetic waves collection of wet condensed sediment, its preliminary acoustic drying to transport humidity, final drying of safe sediment, separate packing of safe and dangerous sediment, as well as their subsequent transportation for deep processing or disposal / Bakharev S.A. The method of purification and disinfection of water. - RF patent No. 2487838, 2011, publ. 07/20/2013, Bull. No. 20 /.

The main disadvantages of the prototype method are:

1. Insufficient quality of sludge thickening and clarification of water due to the presence of TDS and CN in the original water system.

2. Insufficient productivity of sludge thickening and clarification of water due to the presence of TDS and CN in the initial water system.

3. The high cost of thickening a unit volume (for example, 1 m ³ ) of sediment and clarification of a unit volume of water.

4. Potential environmental hazard due to the presence of chemical residues in condensed sediment and clarified water.

4. The bulkiness of the treatment plant, etc.

The problem that is solved by the invention is to develop a method free from the above disadvantages.

The technical result of the proposed method consists in effective (fast and high-quality) thickening of the sludge and in effective (quick and high-quality) clarification (cleaning of sludge particles) of the pulp in a relatively simple way with minimal financial and time costs while ensuring medical safety for humans and environmental safety for the environment natural environment (OPS) in general.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of thickening the pulp using acoustic waves, including cleaning the pulp from coarse, medium, fine and colloidal sludge particles in the mud sump, mixing in the main sump of previously coarse clarified pulp with a solution of a chemical reagent, previously prepared and acoustically dispersed using sonar waves of the ultrasonic frequency range with an amplitude of acoustic pressure of at least 10 ⁴ Pa at a distance 1 m from the corresponding hydroacoustic emitter, mechanically mixing the pulp with a solution of a chemical reagent and simultaneously irradiating them in the main sedimentation tank, gravitational thickening of the sediment by gravitational sedimentation of previously acoustically and chemically coagulated sludge particles, collecting the condensed sediment from the main sedimentation tank and its preliminary acoustic drying to transport - no more than 50% humidity, by irradiating it with acoustic waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency range with acoustic amplitude pressure not less than 1 Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding acoustic emitter, transporting the condensed and acoustically dried sludge and its subsequent dehydration, transporting the condensed and dehydrated sludge for its deep processing or disposal, use a thickener in which the pulp with the solution is used as the main settler chemical reagent is irradiated with hydroacoustic waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency ranges with an amplitude of acoustic pressure of at least 10 ⁴ Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding sonar emitter, they additionally influence the pulp in the mud settler using sonar waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency ranges with an acoustic pressure amplitude of at least 10 ² Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding sonar emitter, additionally effect the condensed sediment with the help of sonar waves sound and ultrasonic frequency ranges with an amplitude of acoustic pressure of at least 10 ² Pa at a distance of 1 m from s corresponding sonar emitter.

In FIG. 1 - FIG. 6 shows the structural diagrams of a device that implements the developed method for thickening enrichment products using acoustic waves. In this case: in FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a device as applied to the general principle of implementing the developed method for concentration of enrichment products using acoustic waves; in FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a device as applied to a first mobile sonar module (PMGAM) installed in the area of a mud settler; in FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of a device as applied to: a second MGAM (VMGAM) installed in the area of preparation of RHR; to the third MGAM (TMGAM) installed in the area where RHR is introduced into the enrichment products; to the fourth MGAM (ChMGAM), installed in the area of the thickener; in FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of a device as applied to the fifth MGAM (PTMGAM) located in the area of a mud tank.

The device as applied to the concentration of enrichment products using acoustic waves in the process of diamond mining (for example, at ALROSA mining and processing plants) contains functionally connected in series: a transport module (1) of diamond-containing ore, which is the first input of the processing plant (GO), GO (2), a horizontal slurry conduit (3), which is the outlet of the processing unit (2), the first slurry pump (4), a mud sump (5) with the first discharge device (6) and the first conveyor (7) of condensed sludge, which is a reservoir for the enrichment products OF (2), the vertical slurry line (8), which is the first inlet of the thickener (10), the second slurry pump (9), the thickener (10), which is the main settler, the second conveyor (11) of the thickened sludge, which is the first outlet of the thickener (10), a mud tank (12), which is a reservoir for condensed sludge, a third conveyor (13) of condensed and acoustically dried sludge, a sludge dehydrator (14), a fourth conveyor (15) of condensed and dehydrated sludge, a packing module (16) of condensed and dehydrated sludge and transport The module (17) is condensed and dewatered sludge.

The device also contains functionally connected in series: an overflow pipe (18), which is the second outlet of the thickener (10), a first horizontal water conduit (19), a water sump (20), which is a clarified circulating water reservoir for PF (2), and a second horizontal water conduit (21) ), a water pump (22) and a third horizontal water conduit (23), which is the second input of the OB (2).

The device also contains functionally connected: tank (24) for clean water, tank (25) for dry chemical reagent (СХР), tank (26) for preparing РХР, tank (27) for storing РХР, first flexible pipe (28), pump (29) for pumping RHR and the second flexible pipe (30), which is the second input of the thickener (10).

The device also contains: PMGAM (31), VMGAM (32), TMGAM (33), CMGAM (34) and PTMGAM (35).

At the same time, PMGAM (31) contains: the first hydroacoustic channel (36) for generating, amplifying, and non-directional (directed in all directions) radiation of the sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH, intended, first of all, for acoustic coagulation of the SDCh and containing in series electrically connected: the first generator (37) sonar signals ZDCH and UZDCH at a frequency of F ₁ , the first power amplifier (38) sonar signals ZDCh and UZDCH at a frequency of F ₁ and the first non-directional sonar emitter (39) sonar signal catch ZDCH and UZDCH at a frequency of F ₁ ; the second hydroacoustic channel (40) for the formation, amplification, and forward-downward radiation of hydroacoustic signals of the MHF and UHFM at a frequency f ₁ , intended primarily for the acoustic (forced) deposition of differently dispersed (KDH, MFD, TDPh and KCh) source and earlier acoustically coagulated sludge particles (WF) and comprising in series electrically connected: a second generator (41) of hydroacoustic signals of ZDCh and UZDCH at a frequency of f ₁ , a second power amplifier (42) of hydroacoustic signals of ZDCh and UZDCh at a frequency of f ₁ and the first forward-down sonar emitter (43) of the sonar signals ZDCH and UZDCH at a frequency f ₁ ; the third hydroacoustic channel (44) for generating, amplifying and omnidirectional (directed in all directions) radiation of the sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH, intended primarily for acoustic condensation of the sediment and containing in series electrically connected: the third generator (45) of sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH at a frequency of ω ₁ and a third power amplifier (46) of sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH at a frequency of ω ₁ and a second omnidirectional sonar emitter (47) of sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH at frequencies e ω ₁ .

At the same time, the VMGAM (32) contains: the fourth hydroacoustic channel (48) for generating, amplifying, and non-directional (directed in all directions) radiation of the sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCh at a frequency of Ω ₁ , intended primarily for acoustic mixing of the RCF (due to acoustic currents, etc.), and acoustic activation (due to the alternating pressure large amplitude) RCR, and comprising serially connected electrically by: a fourth oscillator (49) of sonar signals at the frequency Ω _1, the fourth amplifier powerfully five (50) of sonar signals and ZDCH UZDCH at the frequency Ω ₁ and the third omnidirectional sonar transducer (51) of sonar signals and ZDCH UZDCH at the frequency Ω _1.

At the same time, TMGAM (33) contains: the fifth sonar channel (52) for generating, amplifying, and omnidirectional radiation of sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH at a frequency of Ω ₂ , intended primarily for acoustic dispersion (uniform grinding of RHR particles in acoustic cavitation mode) RHR introduced into the products of enrichment, and containing in series electrically connected: the fifth generator (53) of sonar signals ZDCH and UZDCH at a frequency of Ω ₂ , the fifth power amplifier (54) sonar signals ZDCh and UZDCH n and a frequency of Ω ₂ and a fourth non-directional sonar emitter (55) of the sonar signals of the ZDCH and UZDCH at a frequency of Ω ₂ .

At the same time, the ChMGAM (34) contains: the sixth hydroacoustic channel (56) for generating, amplifying and omnidirectional (directed in all directions) radiation of the sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH, intended primarily for acoustic coagulation of the TDP and containing in series electrically connected: the sixth generator (57) and sonar signals ZDCH UZDCH on frequency F _2, the sixth power amplifier (58) and sonar signals ZDCH UZDCH on frequency F ₂ and a fifth omnidirectional sonar transducer (59) of sonar signal in ZDCH UZDCH and at the frequency F _2; the seventh hydroacoustic channel (60) for generating, amplifying, and directed forward-down radiation of hydroacoustic signals of ZDCh and UZDCH at a frequency of f ₂ , intended primarily for acoustic (forced) deposition of differently dispersed (UHF, TDP and RF) initial and previously acoustically coagulated A frequency converter and one that contains in series electrically connected: the seventh generator (61) of sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCh at a frequency of f ₂ , the seventh power amplifier (62) of hydroacoustic signals of the ZDCh and UZDCh at a frequency of f ₂ and the second directional the forward-down sonar emitter (63) of the sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH at a frequency f ₂ ; the eighth hydroacoustic channel (64) for generating, amplifying and omnidirectional (directed in all directions) radiation of the sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH at a frequency of ω ₂ , intended primarily for acoustic condensation of the sediment and containing in series electrically connected: the eighth generator (65) of hydroacoustic and UZDCH ZDCH signals at frequency ω _2, the eighth power amplifier (66) and sonar signals ZDCH UZDCH at frequency ω ₂ and sixth omnidirectional sonar transducer (67) of sonar signals HT and UZDCH at frequency ω _2.

At the same time, the PTMGAM (35) contains: the first acoustic channel (68) for generating, amplifying, and emitting top-down radiation of the acoustic signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH at a frequency of ω ₃ , intended primarily for acoustic (mechanical) extrusion (as from a sponge) free moisture from the precipitate condensed in the thickener (10) and containing electrically connected in series: the first multichannel - at least 2 channels, the generator (69) of acoustic signals of the airborne sound generator and ultrasonic sound generator at a frequency of ω ₃ , the first multichannel - according to the number of generator channels (69) amplifier the power (70) of the acoustic signals of the ZDCh and UZDCh at a frequency of ω ₃ and several according to the number of amplifier channels (70), identical to each other, first directed up and down over the entire area of the sediment that was previously condensed in the thickener (10) and drained from the thickener (10) (71) acoustic signals ZDCH and UZDCH at a frequency of ω ₃ ; the second acoustic channel (72) of the formation, amplification, and directed along the entire surface of the precipitate of radiation of acoustic signals of the ZDCh and UZDCH at a frequency of ω ₄ previously thickened in the thickener (10), which was previously thickened in the thickener (10), intended primarily for acoustic (mechanical) destruction ( as a strong wind) of the surface diffuse layer above the sediment thickened earlier in the thickener (10) and containing in series electrically connected: the second multichannel - at least 2 channels, the acoustic signal generator (73) ZDCh and UZDCh at frequency ω ₄ , the second multichannel - according to the number of channels of the generator (73), the power amplifier (74) of acoustic signals ZDCh and UZDCh at frequency ω ₄ and several - according to the number of channels of the amplifier (74), identical to each other, second along of the entire surface of the precipitate that was previously condensed in the thickener (10), drained to transport humidity, acoustic emitters (75) of the acoustic signals of the ZDCh and UZDCh at a frequency of ω ₄ .

In this case, the mud tank (12), near which PTMGAM (35) is located, in the simplest case contains: a sealed housing (76), inside of which there are: the first conveyor (7) with sediment thickened in the mud settler (5); a second conveyor (11) with sediment thickened in the thickener (10), and also: a retractor fan (77) located in the upper part of the sealed enclosure (76), an exhaust fan (78) located in the lower part of the sealed enclosure (76), and industrial air conditioner (79), which provides the set parameters of the drying agent in a sealed enclosure (76) (air temperature - not lower than + 30 ° C and relative air humidity - not higher than 50%).

A method of thickening enrichment products using acoustic waves is implemented as follows (Fig. 1-Fig. 4).

In the process of production activity (for example, diamond mining at one of the mining and processing plants of ALROSA), diamond-containing ore is fed to the ore processing plant (1), which is the first entrance to the processing plant (2). At the same time, clarified (O) recycled industrial water (OPV) using a series of functionally connected: a second horizontal water conduit (21), a water pump (22) and a third horizontal water conduit (23), which is the second inlet of the processing unit (2), from the water sump (20), which is the reservoir of the OOPV for the OF, served on the OF (2). At the same time, in the process of enrichment of diamonds from diamond-containing ore and OOPV, pulp is formed - contaminated (3) OPV (OPV) - enrichment products, from which it is necessary: to separate (thicken) the solid part - sediment and to separate (lighten) the liquid part - OPV.

In the future, enrichment products (pulp) containing: coarse (CD) HF (KDSCh) with a size of l _kdshh - more than 50 microns and a mass of m _kdshh , medium- _sized (SD) SHCh (SDShCh) with a size of l _cshh - from 5 microns to 50 microns and a mass m _SDHF , fine-dispersed (TD) HF (TDHH) with a size of l _tdhh - from 0.5 μm to 5.0 μm and a mass of m _tdhch , as well as colloidal (CL) HF (CLH) with a size of l _clhch - less than 0.5 μm and mass m _klshch , from the outlet of the OF (2), thanks to the horizontal slurry line (3) and the first slurry pump (4), they are sent to the mud sump (5), which is a reservoir for the products of enrichment of the OF (2).

Due to the mass and the corresponding gravity, the main part - more than 75%, KDShCh precipitated. However, the main part of SDSS, as well as all - 100%, TDSS and all CLSS due to: low mass (and, accordingly, insignificant gravity), high (hundreds - thousands of cubic meters / hour) consumption of pulp (enrichment products) and its intensive mixing in the mud sump (5) remain in suspension. In addition, due to the insufficient density of the sediment (formed by gravity), it (the sediment) occupies a relatively large volume in the mud sump (5), easily rises to the surface by hydrodynamic pulp flows and (thereby) reduces the useful (used for clarifying the pulp ) the volume of the mud sump (5).

As a result, in the thickener (10), in order to clarify such a (poorly pre-clarified) pulp, it will be necessary to use a large number of expensive and environmentally hazardous chemicals during transportation and storage. In addition, due to the limited (by RP size) volume of the thickener (10) and the limited (by the technological process) clarification time of the pulp in the thickener (10) in the condensed sediment and in the OPOP, there will be a large amount of residue that is expensive and environmentally hazardous during the transportation and storage of XP.

In order to unload the thickener (10); to improve the quality of sediment thickening and the quality of OPV clarification in the mud sump (5) and in the thickener (10); To reduce the consumption of XP for thickening the sediment and clarification of OPV in the thickener (10), as well as to minimize the remainder of XP in the condensed sediment and in the OPV, near the mud settler (5) place PMGAM (31).

In this case, using a series-electrically connected: the first generator (37), the first power amplifier (38) and the first omnidirectional sonar emitter (39) of the first sonar channel (36) PMGAM (31) generate, amplify and omnidirectional sonar signals of ZDCh and UZDCH on F ₁ frequency with the acoustic pressure amplitude at a distance of 1 m from the emitter of at least 10 ² Pa, which is carried out under the influence of an acoustic coagulation raznodispersnyh CCs (primarily SDSHCH) - due to mechan Cesky joining smaller and more mobile CCs (eg, SDSHCH) to larger and less mobile CCs (eg, KDSHCH). As a result of the increased (due to preliminary acoustic coagulation) gravity, differently dispersed WBs (primarily KDShCh and SSShH) more quickly settle to the bottom of the mud sump (5).

At the same time, with the help of series-electrically connected: a second generator (41), a second power amplifier (42) and a first forward-downward hydroacoustic emitter (43) of the second hydroacoustic channel (40) PMGAM (31) carry out the formation, amplification and forward-directed downward emission of sonar signals of ZDCh and UZDCh at a frequency f ₁ with an amplitude of acoustic pressure at a distance of 1 m from the emitter not less than 10 ² Pa, under the influence of which acoustic (forced) deposition of different fersky (first of all, KDShCh and SDShCh) initial and earlier acoustically coagulated HF. As a result (due to the forward-downward propagation of the front of the hydroacoustic wave), differently dispersed PMs (primarily KDShCH and SDSSh) are precipitated to the bottom of the mud settler faster (5).

At the same time, using a series of electrically connected: a third generator (45), a third power amplifier (46) and a second omnidirectional sonar emitter (47) of the third sonar channel (44), the PMGAM (31) generates, amplifies and omnidirectional radiation of sonar signals UZDCH at a frequency of ω ₁ with an amplitude of acoustic pressure at a distance of 1 m from the emitter not less than 10 ² Pa, under the influence of which acoustic thickening of the sediment is carried out at the bottom of the mud settler (5).

As a result: almost all - more than 95% of the SFC and a significant part - more than 50% of the SSS, are deposited in the sediment to the bottom of the mud sump (5), and the sludge itself is substantially - more than 50% (relative to gravity compaction) thicken (compact) ) Further: the condensed sediment is sent through the first discharge device (6) and using the first conveyor (7) of the condensed sediment to the mud tank (12) - for acoustic drying to transport moisture (not more than 50%); coarse clarified (first of all, purified from KDShCh and from the main part of the SDShCh) pulp is sent, thanks to the second slurry pump (9), along the vertical slurry conduit (8) to the thickener (10) - for fine clarification (for cleaning, first of all , from the remainder of the SDHS and all the TDSS).

At the same time, a solution of a chemical reagent (PXR) is prepared in the tank (26) by mixing pure water supplied from the tank (24) for pure water and a dry chemical reagent (CXP) supplied from the tank (25) for CXP. Then, the PXR is fed to the tank (27) for storing the PXR.

However, part of the storage system is not effective enough (due to the limited time, limited volume of the tank, etc.) mixed with clean water. As a result (due to insufficiently effective dissolution in RXR): particles of a chemical reagent in tanks (26) and (27) are not chemically active enough (which further reduces the quality of concentration of enrichment products and the quality of clarification of pulp in a mixer), involuntarily in tanks (26 ) and (27) form a precipitate from the residues of CXP (which subsequently leads to cost overruns of expensive CXP), etc.

To eliminate this, with the help of series-electrically connected: the fourth generator (49), the fourth power amplifier (50) and the third non-directional sonar emitter (51) of the fourth sonar channel (48), the VMGAM (32) carry out the formation, amplification and non-directional (directed in all directions ) radiation and a hydroacoustic signals ZDCH UZDCH at the frequency Ω ₁ with the acoustic pressure amplitude at a distance of 1 m from the emitter of at least 10 ⁴ Pa under the action of which is carried out (first): acoustic eremeshivaniya (including at the molecular level) RCR - due to acoustic flow, etc., as well as acoustic physicochemical activation (including at the molecular level) RCR - due to the alternating pressure large amplitude. As a result: all CXM is more efficiently mixed with clean water; activate particles of a chemical reagent in tanks (26) and (27); exclude the formation of sediment from residues of CXP in tanks (26) and (27).

Subsequently, thanks to the functionally connected in series: the first flexible pipe (28), the pump (29) for pumping the PXR and the second flexible pipe (30), which is the second input of the thickener (10), the PCP is fed to the thickener (10), where it (PXR ) mixed with previously (in the mud sump) coarsely clarified pulp (coarsely purified enrichment products). As a result of chemical exposure on the surface of the HF (first of all, on the surface of the TDHH and KHLH) their (data HH) enlargement (chemical coagulation) occurs due to compensation of the same type of surface charge on the surface of the HF.

However, a significant - more than 50% TDSH and a significant - more than 75% part of TSSH due to: insignificant surface area (insignificant mass and gravity), high (hundreds - units of thousands of cubic m / h) pulp consumption (enrichment products) and intensive its mixing in the mixer (10) remain in suspension. In addition, due to the insufficient density of the sludge (formed by gravity), it (the sludge) occupies a relatively large volume in the mixer (10), rises relatively easily by the hydrodynamic flows of the pulp to the surface and (thereby) reduces the useful (used for clarifying the pulp ) mixer volume (5). In addition, due to the inadequate chemical activity of PXR, CXP particles remain in the thickener sediment (10). As a result: they do not provide the quality required for the thickening of the concentration products of enrichment products and the quality of clarification of OPV, which can lead to the loss of diamonds and excessive wear of the equipment; form an insufficiently thickened (compacted) precipitate from enrichment products, which reduces the working volume of the thickener and reduces the quality of OPV clarification; costly overhang, etc.

To eliminate this, using series-electrically connected: the fifth generator (53), the fifth power amplifier (54) and the fourth non-directional sonar emitter (55) of the fifth sonar channel (52) TMGAM (33) carry out the formation, amplification and non-directional (directed in all directions ) radiation and a hydroacoustic signals ZDCH UZDCH at the frequency Ω ₂ from the acoustic pressure amplitude at a distance of 1 m from the emitter of at least 10 ⁴ Pa under the action of which is carried out (first): acoustic dispersive Contents (RXR uniform grinding particles, including at the molecular level) - controlled acoustic cavitation, and acoustic injection RCR products in the enrichment under acoustic pressure - acoustic nozzle. As a result: the entire RHR is more uniformly mixed in the thickener (10) with enrichment products (including at the molecular level); activate particles of a chemical reagent in a thickener (10); exclude the formation of a precipitate from the residues of CXP in the thickener, etc.

At the same time, using series-electrically connected: the sixth generator (57), the sixth power amplifier (58) and the fifth omnidirectional sonar emitter (59) of the sixth sonar channel (56), the ChMGAM (34) carry out the formation, amplification and non-directional emission of sonar signals UZDCH at a frequency of F ₂ with an amplitude of acoustic pressure at a distance of 1 m from the emitter not less than 10 ² Pa, under the influence of which physical (acoustic) and physico-chemical (acoustic reagent) coa a walk of variously dispersed BHs (first of all, TDSHCH and KLSHCH) - due to their joining to each other. As a result of the increased (due to preliminary coagulation) gravity, differently dispersed HFs (primarily TDShH and KHLHH) are precipitated to the bottom of the thickener faster (10).

At the same time, using series-electrically connected: the seventh generator (61), the seventh power amplifier (62) and the second forward-downward hydroacoustic emitter (63) of the seventh hydroacoustic channel (60), the ChMGAM (34) carry out the formation, amplification and forward-directed downward the emission of sonar signals of the ZDCh and UZDCh at a frequency f ₂ with an amplitude of acoustic pressure at a distance of 1 m from the emitter of at least 10 ² Pa, under the influence of which acoustic (forced) deposition of different ispersed (first of all, TDSHCH and KLSHCH) initial and earlier acoustically coagulated HH. As a result (due to the forward-downward propagation of the front of the hydroacoustic wave), differently dispersed HFs (primarily TDSH and KHLSH) are precipitated to the bottom of the thickener faster (10).

At the same time, with the help of series-connected electrically connected: the eighth generator (65), the eighth power amplifier (66) and the sixth omnidirectional sonar emitter (67) of the eighth sonar channel (64) of the ChMGAM (34), the sonar signals are generated, amplified and undirected, and Ultrasonic ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of ω ₂ with an acoustic pressure amplitude at a distance of 1 m from the emitter of at least 10 ² Pa, under the influence of which acoustic condensation of the sediment at the bottom of the thickener is carried out (10).

As a result: everything - 100%, TDShCH and SSShCh, as well as almost all - more than 95%, KLShCh precipitate into the sediment on the bottom of the thickener (10), and the sediment itself is substantially more than 50% (relative to reagent-gravity compaction ), thicken (condense).

Subsequently: the thickened (acoustic-reagent-gravitational) sediment is sent to the mud tank (12) in parallel with the first conveyor (7) of thickened sediment, using the second conveyer (11) of the condensed sediment, which is the first outlet of the thickener (10), for it acoustic drying to transport humidity (no more than 50%). At the same time, the sediment condensed in the mud sump (5) and in the thickener (10) contains a large amount of free moisture, more than 50%, which increases its volume and increases the cost of its further dehydration in the sludge dehydrator (14).

To avoid this, in the sealed housing (76) of the mud tank (12), inside of which there are: the first conveyor (7) with sediment condensed in the mud sump (5) and the second conveyor (11) with sediment condensed in the thickener (10), due to the retraction a fan (77) located in the upper part of the sealed enclosure (76), and an exhaust fan (78) located in the lower part of the sealed enclosure (76), provide: continuous supply (warmer and drier), discharge (colder and more wet) and movement (due to spatially spaced exhaust and exhaust fans) of the drying agent inside the sealed enclosure (76). At the same time, thanks to the industrial air conditioner (79), in a sealed enclosure (76) they provide the specified parameters of the drying agent: air temperature - not lower than + 30 ° C and relative air humidity - not higher than 50%. As a result, only a minimum — less than 5% of the free moisture is removed (due to the evaporation of moisture and the movement of the drying agent) from the surface of the condensed (in the mud sump and thickener) sediment. However, due to the near-surface wet condensed sediment of the surface diffuse layer that impedes moisture transfer, as well as its vertical dimensions (thickness), which impede the movement of free moisture in the thickness of the wet condensed sediment, almost all - more than 95% of the free moisture remains in the wet condensed earlier upset.

To avoid this, with the help of series-connected electrically connected: the first multichannel - at least 2 channels, a generator (69), the first multichannel power amplifier (70) and several identical first to each other directed from top to bottom over the entire area of the previously condensed drained to transport humidity mud in the settler (5) and a thickener (10) precipitate first acoustic channel (68) PTMGAM (35) is carried formation, directional strengthening and the top-down light and acoustic signals ZDCH UZDCH at frequency ω ₃ Vp Doi acoustic pressure at 1 m from the emitter of at least 10 ² Pa, which is carried out under the influence of mechanical squeezing (as moisture from the sponge by using human hands) free moisture.

At the same time, with the help of series-electrically connected: the first multichannel - at least 2 channels, a generator (73), a second multichannel power amplifier (74) and several identical second to each other directed along the entire surface of the condensation that was previously drained to transport humidity and thickened in the mud sump (5) and in the thickener (10) of the sediment, the second acoustic channel (72) of the PTMGAM (35), they are formed, strengthened, and directed along the entire surface previously thickened in the mud settler (5) and in the thickener (10) sediment, the emission of acoustic signals of the air-breathing device and ultrasonic sounding devices at a frequency of ω ₄ with an acoustic pressure amplitude at a distance of 1 m from the emitter of at least 10 ² Pa, under the influence of which mechanical destruction (as in a strong wind) of the surface diffuse layer above the thickened earlier in the mud settler ( 5) and in the thickener (10) sediment.

As a result, a significant part — more than 75% —of free moisture is removed from the sediment previously condensed in the mud sump (5) and in the thickener (10).

Subsequently, thanks to the third conveyor (13), the condensed sediment is sent simultaneously to the transport moisture (not more than 50%) in the mud tank (5) and in the thickener (10), and also acoustically dried in the mud tank (12), to the transport moisture (not more than 50%) sludge dehydrator (14), where it is dehydrated (for example, using a press filter, etc.) (all free moisture and part of the bound moisture are removed).

Then, thanks to the fourth conveyor (15), the condensed, acoustically dried and dehydrated sludge is successively sent to the packing module (16) for sorting and packing, and also to the transport module (17) for transportation to deeper processing (medically and environmentally safe sludge) or for disposal (medically and environmentally hazardous sludge). At the same time, the finely clarified OPV, thanks to the overflow pipe (18), which is the second outlet of the thickener (10), the first horizontal water conduit (19), is sent to the water sump (20), which is the reservoir of the clarified circulating water for RP (2). Then, thanks to the second horizontal water conduit (21), the water pump (22) and the third horizontal water conduit (23), which is the second inlet of the processing unit (2), the finely clarified OPV is sent to the processing unit (2) and reused in the process of enrichment of diamond-containing ore. Wherein:

1. The effectiveness (quickly and efficiently) of thickening the sludge is ensured by the fact that:

- carry out acoustic coagulation of PM in the mud sump;

- carry out acoustic and chemical coagulation of PM in the thickener;

- carry out acoustic (compulsory) deposition of HF (mainly KDShCh and SDShCh) in the mud sump;

- carry out acoustic (forced) deposition of HF (mainly TDSH and KLSHCH) in the thickener;

- carry out: gravitational-acoustic thickening of sediment - by gravitational deposition of previously acoustically coagulated HF; hydroacoustic thickening of the sediment - by acoustic squeezing of moisture from microspaces between the indenters located at the bottom in a mud sedimentation tank. As a result, the useful volume of the mud sump is increased;

- carry out gravitationally reagent thickening of the sediment - by chemical compounds of SC, located at the bottom of the thickener; sonar condensation in the thickener. As a result, the useful volume of the thickener is increased, etc.

2. The effectiveness (quickly and efficiently) of clarification of enrichment products (pulps) is ensured by the fact that:

- carry out acoustic coagulation of the ballast in the mud sump. As a result, acoustically coagulated ballasts are precipitated to the bottom faster (mainly KDShCh and SDShCh);

- carry out acoustic and chemical coagulation of PM in the thickener. As a result, acoustically and chemically coagulated HFs (mainly TDSHCH and KLSHCH) are quickly precipitated to the bottom;

- carry out acoustic (compulsory) deposition of HF (mainly KDShCh and SDShh) in the mud sump. As a result, the initial and previously acoustically coagulated PS are removed from the upper (overflowed) layer of OPV;

- carry out acoustic (compulsory) deposition of HF (mainly TDSH and KLShCH) in the thickener. As a result, the initial and previously acoustically coagulated PS are removed from the upper (overflowed) layer of OPV;

- carry out: gravitational-acoustic and hydroacoustic thickening of sediment in the mud sump. As a result, the useful volume of the mud sump is increased;

- carry out gravitationally reagent and hydroacoustic thickening of the sediment in the thickener. As a result, the useful volume of the thickener is increased, etc.

3. The relative simplicity of the method is provided due to the fact that:

- the formation and emission of hydroacoustic and acoustic waves is carried out using commercially available electronic devices, as well as hydroacoustic (including those taken out of service, which further contributes to the conversion of enterprises of the military-industrial complex) and acoustic emitters;

- the operation of the device that implements the developed method is controlled automatically and semi-automatically (without the constant presence of maintenance personnel);

- maintenance of acoustic equipment is carried out with great discretion (once every 7 days) and directly during the operation of the treatment plant, therefore, no special time is required to stop water treatment (thickening of sludge) and maintenance of the device, etc.

4. The minimum financial and time costs are provided due to the fact that:

- repeatedly (up to 7-8 times) reduce the consumption of expensive chemicals;

- significantly (by 30% or more) reduce the area of land allocated for the construction of a treatment plant;

- significantly reduce the cost of thickening a unit volume of sediment;

- significantly reduce the cost of clarifying the unit volume of the pulp;

- significantly reduce the cost of dewatering units of sediment volume;

- the formation and emission of hydroacoustic (underwater) and acoustic (in air) waves is carried out using commercially available electronic and acoustic devices;

- the power consumption of electronic devices of the device that implements the developed method is relatively small (less than 1 W / m ³ );

- the time for installation of acoustic equipment does not exceed 3 days;

- maintenance of equipment is carried out with great discretion and directly in the process of treatment plant;

- environmentally and medically safe sediment (condensed, acoustically dried and dehydrated) is sold on a commercial basis, etc.

5. Medical safety for humans is ensured by the fact that:

- repeatedly (up to 7-8 times) reduce the consumption of chemicals;

- the formation and emission of hydroacoustic and acoustic waves is carried out using commercially available and medically (sanitary) certified electronic devices;

- the operation of the device that implements the developed method is controlled automatically and semi-automatically (without the constant presence of maintenance personnel);

- parameters (frequency, amplitude of acoustic pressure, waveform, etc.) of sonar and acoustic waves are medically safe for humans, etc.

6. Ecological safety for OPS is provided due to the fact that:

- repeatedly (up to 7-8 times) reduce the consumption of chemicals;

- condensed sediment is sorted by hazard degree and sent to: consumer (safe), for disposal (hazardous);

- recycled industrial water is reused in the process;

- parameters (frequency, amplitude of acoustic pressure, waveform, etc.) of hydroacoustic and acoustic waves are environmentally friendly for the OPS as a whole, etc.

Distinctive features of the proposed method are:

1. A thickener is used as the main settler.

2. Additionally carry out the impact on the enrichment products in the mud sump using sonar waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency ranges with an amplitude of at least 10 ² Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding sonar emitter.

3. Additionally, a solution of the chemical reagent introduced into the enrichment products is effected using sonar waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency ranges with an amplitude of at least 10 ⁴ Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding sonar emitter.

4. Additionally, an effect is made on the thickening sediment in the thickener with the help of sonar waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency ranges with an amplitude of at least 10 ² Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding sonar emitter.

The presence of distinctive features from the prototype features allows us to conclude that the proposed method meets the criterion of "novelty."

An analysis of the known technical solutions in order to detect the indicated distinctive features in them showed the following.

Signs: 3 and 4 are new and their use for thickening enrichment products using acoustic waves is unknown.

Sign 2 is new and its use for thickening enrichment products using acoustic waves is unknown. At the same time, it is known for this characteristic 1 for the reagent-free treatment of recycled and industrial wastewater.

Sign 1 is known.

Thus, the presence of new significant features, together with the known ones, provides the appearance of the proposed solution with a new property that does not coincide with the properties of the known technical solutions - to efficiently (quickly and efficiently) thicken the precipitate and efficiently (quickly and efficiently) to clarify (clean from NW) enrichment products (pulp) in a relatively simple way with minimal financial and time costs, ensuring medical safety for humans and environmental safety for OPS in general.

In this case, we have a new set of features and their new relationship, moreover, it’s not a simple combination of new features and already known ones, but the execution of operations in the proposed sequence leads to a qualitatively new effect. This circumstance allows us to conclude that the developed method meets the criterion of "significant differences".

Examples of the method.

Industrial tests of the developed method were carried out: in the period 2004-2006. - in Koryakgeoldobycha CJSC (Kamchatka, placer platinum mining); in the period 2004-2006 - at one of Samsung's industrial enterprises (Republic of Korea, Seoul, semiconductor production) and at one of the drinking water treatment plants (Republic of Korea, Seoul); in 2010-2011 - at the onshore venture of the JV “Vietsovpetro” for the purification of drilling technological fluid (Republic of Vietnam, Vung Tau), at a concentrator for the production of copper (Republic of Vietnam, northern province); 2013-2016 - at the Lomonosov GOK AK ALROSA for the treatment of recycled and waste water.

Example 1. The density of the thickened precipitate.

In FIG. 5 in the form of histograms illustrates the density ρ (tons / m ³ ) of a finely dispersed (average particle diameter of 12.3 μm) saponite-containing sludge from the Lomonosov GOK condensed in a mud sump in the process of: implementing the developed method (histogram I, highlighted by a solid line); the prototype method (histogram II, highlighted by a dashed line) and (for comparison) the gravitational method (histogram III, highlighted by a dotted line). As can be seen from FIG. 5, the sediment density in the mud sump of the developed method is 2.69 tons / m ³ , while the prototype method has 1.52 tons / m ³ (gain 1.76 times) and 0.16 tons / m ³ ( gain 16.81 times) - in the gravitational method.

In FIG. 6 in the form of histograms illustrates the density ρ (tons / m ³ ) of a finely dispersed (average particle diameter of 5.3 μm) saponite-containing sludge from the Lomonosov GOK condensed in the thickener during: implementation of the developed method (histogram I, highlighted by a solid line) and the prototype method ( histogram II, indicated by a dashed line). As can be seen from FIG. 6, the density of the sediment in the thickener of the developed method is 2.71 tons / m ³ , while the prototype method - 1.17 tons / m ³ (gain 2.31 times).

Example 2. The flow rate of a solution of a chemical reagent.

The treatment plant of the Samsung semiconductor manufacturing plant (Seoul) in 2006 was two thickeners made of concrete and connected in parallel to each other. The volume of each thickener is 440 tons, the productivity is 2400 tons / day. The consumption of a solution of chemical reagents (RHR) was 5 tons / day for one thickener. The following reagents were used: polymer (polymer) - the cost of 3.75 euros / kg; aluminum sulfate (8% - aluminum sulfate) - the cost of 8.5 euros / kg and NaOH (25%) - the cost of 6.5 euros / kg; total costs for chemicals were: ~ 50,000 euros per day (~ 18.25 million euros per year).

In FIG. 7 in the form of histograms illustrates the consumption W (tons / day) of PXR for one thickener of a semiconductor manufacturing plant in the process: implementing the prototype method (histogram I, highlighted by a solid line) and the developed method (histogram II, highlighted by a dashed line). As can be seen from FIG. 7, the RHR consumption in the thickener of the developed method was 0.8 tons / day, while that of the prototype method was 5.0 tons / day (6.26 times gain). At the same time, the financial costs for the purchase of chemicals in the process of implementing the developed method were reduced by the same amount (6.26 times).

The amount of suspended solids (EX) in the surface waters used for the preparation of drinking water in Seoul (Republic of Korea) contained: 20 mg / l in the dry season and 200 mg / l in the rainy season. When the content of explosives at the inlet of the treatment plant SS _{in was} ~ 20 mg / l, the RHR consumption was ~ 30 g / m ³ , and when SS _{in was} ~ 200 mg / liter ~ 300 g / m ³ . The average cost of 1 kg of RHR was 0.5 euros.

In FIG. 8 in the form of histograms illustrates the consumption of W (g / m ³ ) RHR for one thickener during the rainy season of a drinking water preparation enterprise in Seoul (Republic of Korea) in the process of implementing the prototype method (histogram I, highlighted by a solid line) and the developed method ( histogram II, indicated by a dashed line). As can be seen from FIG. 8, the consumption of RHR in the thickener of the developed method was 37 g / m ³ , while that of the prototype method was 300 g / m ³ (8.1 times gain). At the same time, the financial costs for the purchase of chemicals in the process of implementing the developed method were reduced by the same amount (8.1 times).

In this way:

1. The effectiveness of the thickening of the sediment was provided due to the fact that:

- carried out acoustic coagulation of PM in the mud sump;

- carried out acoustic and chemical coagulation of PM in the thickener;

- carried out acoustic deposition of PM in the mud sump;

- carried out acoustic deposition of PM in the thickener;

- carried out: gravitational-acoustic thickening of sediment and hydroacoustic thickening of sediment in a mud sedimentation tank;

- carry out gravitationally reagent thickening of the sediment in the thickener, etc.

2. The efficiency of clarification of enrichment products (pulp) was ensured due to the fact that:

- carried out acoustic coagulation of PM in the mud sump;

- carried out acoustic and chemical coagulation of PM in the thickener;

- carried out acoustic deposition of PM in the mud sump;

- carried out acoustic deposition of PM in the thickener;

- carried out: gravitational-acoustic and hydroacoustic thickening of sediment in the mud sump;

- carried out gravitationally reagent and hydroacoustic thickening of the sediment in the thickener, etc.

3. The relative simplicity of the method was provided due to the fact that:

- the formation and emission of sonar and acoustic waves was carried out using commercially available electronic devices, as well as sonar and acoustic emitters;

- control of the operation of the device was carried out automatically and semi-automatically;

- maintenance of acoustic equipment was carried out with great discretion and directly during the operation of the treatment plant, etc.

4. Minimum financial and time costs were provided due to the fact that:

- repeatedly reduced the consumption of expensive chemicals;

- significantly reduced the land area allocated for the construction of a treatment plant;

- significantly reduced the cost of thickening a unit volume of sediment;

- significantly reduced the cost of clarifying a unit volume of pulp;

- significantly reduced the cost of dewatering units of sediment volume;

- the formation and emission of hydroacoustic and acoustic waves was carried out using commercially available electronic and acoustic devices;

- the power consumption of electronic devices of the device that implements the developed method was relatively small;

- the time for installation of acoustic equipment did not exceed 3 days;

- equipment maintenance was carried out with great discreteness and directly during the operation of the treatment plant;

- ecologically and medically safe sediment was sold on a commercial basis, etc.

5. Medical safety for humans was ensured by the fact that:

- repeatedly reduced the consumption of chemicals;

- the formation and emission of hydroacoustic and acoustic waves was carried out using commercially available and medically (sanitary) certified electronic devices;

- control of the operation of the device that implements the developed method was carried out automatically and semi-automatically;

- parameters (frequency, amplitude of acoustic pressure, waveform, etc.) of hydroacoustic and acoustic waves were medically safe for humans, etc.

6. Ecological safety for OPS provided due to the fact that:

- repeatedly reduced the consumption of chemicals;

- the condensed precipitate was sorted according to the degree of danger and sent: to the consumer (safe) or for disposal (dangerous);

- recycled industrial water reused in the process;

- the parameters (frequency, amplitude of acoustic pressure, waveform, etc.) of sonar and acoustic waves were environmentally friendly for the OPS as a whole, etc.

Claims (1)

A method of thickening pulp using acoustic waves, including cleaning the pulp from coarse, medium, fine and colloidal sludge particles in a mud sump, mixing in the main sump of previously coarse clarified pulp with a chemical solution previously prepared and acoustically dispersed using ultrasonic waves of the ultrasonic frequency range with an acoustic pressure amplitude of at least 10 ⁴ Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding sonar emitter For mechanical mixing of pulp with a solution of a chemical reagent and their simultaneous irradiation in the main sedimentation tank, gravitational thickening of the sediment by gravitational sedimentation of previously acoustically and chemically coagulated sludge particles, collection of condensed sediment from the main sedimentation tank and its preliminary acoustic drying to transport - not more than 50% humidity by irradiating it with acoustic waves of a sound and ultrasonic frequency range with an acoustic pressure amplitude of at least 1 Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding of a corresponding acoustic emitter, transportation of condensed and acoustically dried sludge and its subsequent dewatering, transportation of condensed and dehydrated sludge for its deep processing or disposal, characterized in that a thickener is used as the main settler, in which the pulp with a solution of a chemical reagent is irradiated with acoustic waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency ranges with an amplitude of acoustic pressure of at least 10 ⁴ Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding sonar of a natural emitter, additionally, they act on the pulp in the mud sump using sonar waves of sound and ultrasonic frequency ranges with an acoustic pressure amplitude of at least 10 ² Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding sonar emitter, and they additionally act on the thickened sediment using sonar and sonic waves ultrasonic frequency ranges with an amplitude of acoustic pressure of at least 10 ² Pa at a distance of 1 m from the corresponding sonar whom emitter.

Images