RU2617824C1 - Ammunition leading part separation unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: ammunition leading part separation unit contains the shell with the bottom, the support ring with the forced crossing unit, piston, forced crossing charge, the cartridge pressure accumulators, the working and accumulating cavity for the charges combustion products. The cartridge pressure accumulators are fixed in the piston of the separation compartment. It is placed with nozzle clusters opposite the gas-dynamic windows. Such position allows the combustion products to fill the accumulating cavity. The above mentioned windows are made in the intermediate diaphragm rigidly fixed to the supporting ring of the shell. The nozzle clusters of cartridge pressure accumulators are provided with devices of nozzles simultaneous opening. It is made in the form of the plugs placed in the outlet part of the nozzle and having the induced drafts. These drafts are fixed in the intermediate diaphragm and connected with nozzle plugs and by means of the stop and threaded type detachable joints.

EFFECT: improvement of device operation reliability.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of rocketry and can be used in the development of multiple munitions of rocket and barrel artillery.

The solution of this problem is associated with the need to develop rational design options for the fixation and tamper units, ensuring the rigidity of the projectile during high-speed movement along the trajectory and the reliability of separation of fragments of the warhead (GP) with minimal power and thermal loads on the shared structural elements. This is especially important for separable warheads that are equipped with intelligent elements or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with vulnerable electronic equipment.

According to international application No. 88/05523 of 07/28/08, cl. F42B 13/38 (ISM No. 3, issue 105, 1989) there is a known design of a separable projectile containing a head with a parachute compartment, a separation unit with a separation charge and forcing elements in the form of cut radial bolts.

The design of the multiple projectile allows the separation of the warhead from the carrier and the launch of the parachute. However, this design does not ensure the operation of the structure in conditions of unstabilized high-speed movement of the head part, characterized by the formation of large forces of "frontal" drag on the trajectory.

Thus, the objective of this technical solution was to ensure the separation of the head part from the carrier by means of a separation unit with forcing elements in the form of cut-off radial bolts, as well as putting the parachute into operation in conditions of stable movement of the head part.

Common features of the known technical solution with the design of the MS separation unit proposed by the authors is the presence of a separation compartment with forcing elements and a charge of separation, which is a source of energy during separation.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a multifunctional rocket separation compartment, known by the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2459176 (publ. BI No. 23, 08/20/2012).

The multifunctional rocket separation compartment contains a housing, docking units for the head and engine, locking mechanisms, a stabilization system for the detachable warhead, as well as separation, opening, initiating and actuating units for the warhead, which include powder charges, pistons and boost elements.

The objective of the known technical solution is to develop the design of a multifunctional rocket separation compartment, which ensures the fixation and opening of the stabilization system for the warhead, separation and stabilization of the warhead in flight, the initiation and activation of the executive bodies of the compartment and warhead during operation.

The practical implementation of the totality of the design differences presented above in the developed ammunition makes it possible to create a unified multifunctional design of the separation compartment, which ensures the reliable functioning of rockets for various purposes on the active and passive sections of the trajectory. However, due to the multifunctionality, complexity and high cost of a unified design, in this case, the use of this invention seems to be inappropriate.

Common features of the described technical solution adopted by the authors for the prototype, with the proposed design of the separation compartment of the head of the munition is the presence of a working cavity with a powder charge, piston and forcing elements.

Unlike the prototype, in the separation unit of the warhead, the powder pressure accumulators are fixed in the piston of the separation unit and the nozzle blocks are located opposite the gas-dynamic windows made in the intermediate diaphragm rigidly fastened to the support ring of the shell.

In this case, the nozzle blocks of the batteries are equipped with devices for simultaneous opening of nozzles, made in the form of plugs located in the outlet of the nozzle and having exhaust rods fixed in the intermediate diaphragm and connected to the plugs by means of a flow stop and detachable connections of a threaded type.

These distinctive features, to which the requested amount of legal protection applies, are substantial and sufficient to achieve a new technical result.

The objective of the invention is the development of a simple, compact and reliable design of the separation unit GH, which can significantly increase the speed of separation while reducing power and thermal effects on the shared structural elements, as well as to ensure the simultaneous opening of the nozzles of the powder pressure accumulators (PAD) and the inclusion of PAD in the process separation and thereby eliminate the occurrence of a tipping moment when the pressure accumulators are turned on.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the known design of the separation unit of the head part of the munition containing a shell with a bottom, a support ring with a boost assembly, a piston, a boost charge, powder pressure accumulators, a working and storage cavity for charge combustion products, a new set has been introduced structural units and elements, their mutual arrangement, as well as kinematic and gas-dynamic connections, are changed.

In particular, the powder pressure accumulators are fixed in the piston of the separation unit and the nozzle blocks are located opposite the gas-dynamic windows made in the intermediate diaphragm rigidly fastened to the support ring of the shell. In this case, the nozzle blocks of the batteries are equipped with devices for simultaneous opening of nozzles, made in the form of plugs located in the outlet of the nozzle and having exhaust rods fixed in the intermediate diaphragm and connected to the plugs of the nozzles by means of a flow stop and detachable connections of a threaded type.

Fixing PADs in the piston opposite gas-dynamic windows made in an intermediate diaphragm rigidly fastened to the support ring of the shell allows reducing the hydrodynamic effect of the high-temperature reactive jet of PAD on the diaphragm and ensuring filling of the storage cavity, which reduces the maximum pressure in the working cavity and thereby reduces maximum overloads, acting on structural elements during the separation process.

The supply of nozzle blocks of accumulators with devices for simultaneous opening of nozzles made in the form of plugs located in the outlet of the nozzle and having exhaust rods fixed in the intermediate diaphragm of the separation unit and connected with the plugs of the nozzles by means of a flow stop and detachable connections of a threaded type ensures simultaneous opening of nozzles of PADs in the moment of the beginning of the separation process and thereby eliminates the occurrence of a tipping moment when the pressure accumulators are turned on.

The design features listed above allow us to solve the problem of developing a simple, compact and reliable design of the separation unit for warhead ammunition, which makes it possible to reduce the force and heat effects on the shared structural elements, as well as creating a device for simultaneously opening nozzles of PADs, eliminating the appearance of a projectile tipping moment arising at non-simultaneous inclusion of pressure accumulators on the trajectory.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a General view of the separation unit of the head of the munition and a view of it from the bottom of the warhead.

The proposed design of the separation unit GC contains a shell 1 with a bottom 15, a support ring 11 with a forcing unit 5, a piston 2, a boosting charge 19, and pressure powder accumulators 3.

Gunpowder pressure accumulators, mounted in the piston of the separation unit, nozzle blocks 8 are located opposite the gas-dynamic windows 12, made in the intermediate diaphragm 16, rigidly fastened to the support ring of the shell.

The nozzle blocks of the batteries are equipped with devices for simultaneous opening of nozzles, made in the form of plugs 9, located in the outlet of the nozzle and having exhaust rods 10, fixed in the intermediate diaphragm and connected to the plugs of the nozzles by means of a flow stop 13 and detachable connections of the threaded type 14.

The operation of the separation unit of the head part begins with the operation of the safety-executive mechanism 17, the activation of the initiating device 18 and the actuation of the boost charge 19, the mass of which is assigned from the condition of the reliability of the actuation of the boost unit.

Charge combustion products fill the working cavity B and fill the storage cavity B through the flow channels 12 in the diaphragm. At a pressure corresponding to the destruction force of the forcing unit 5, the process of separation of ammunition begins under the action of pressure on the piston 2.

Almost simultaneously, due to the acceleration of the piston with PAD and the presence of exhaust rods 10 with flow stops 13 on the diaphragm 16, the plugs 9 exit from the nozzles simultaneously, the membranes 7 ensuring the tightness of the PAD are destroyed, and the gas-dynamic connection of the cavities of the PAD (A) combustion chambers with the working ammunition cavity B. The beginning of the exit of the plugs 9 from the nozzles is controlled by the installation of detachable joints 14 on the exhaust rods 10 and should be made after reaching the maximum pressure in the working cavity B. As a result, due to the arrival of dense high-temperature products of combustion of the boost charge into the PAD chambers, igniters 6 fire at the right time and provide powder charges 4 batteries. The combustion products formed in the free zones of the PAD (A), through nozzles and gas-dynamic windows, enter the working cavity B and storage cavity B. A powerful pressure rise and effective acceleration of the piston with a payload begin.

The PC separation process is accompanied by a sharp increase in the working cavity B, however, due to the accumulation of pressure in the storage cavity B and the powerful influx of energy from the PAD chambers along the entire length of the guide shell 1, the required values of the speeds of the separated elements are achieved. In this case, the maximum pressure in the working cavity B, and therefore the overload, is determined by the choice of the mass of the boost charge, and the relative speed of the shared objects is determined by the choice of the mass and body of combustion of the PAD charges.

At the moment the piston 2 leaves the shell 1, the pressure in the working cavity is released and the process of separation of the components of the projectile is completed, including: on the one hand, the piston 2 with the payload of the head, and on the other hand, the ring 11 with the shell 1, the bottom 15 and passive elements of the missile part.

Thus, the practical implementation of the combination of the above design differences in the developed ammunition allows us to solve the problem of developing a simple, compact and reliable design of the warhead separation unit, which can significantly increase the speed of separation while reducing power and thermal effects on the shared structural elements, as well as ensure simultaneous inclusion PADs to work in the separation process, and thereby eliminate the occurrence of a tipping moment when the battery is turned on pressure tracers on the trajectory.

This ultimately allows you to reduce passive weight and increase the stability of the developed design in flight conditions. At the same time, there is a wide opportunity, by choosing the number and mass of PADs that are included in the operation after the boost charge is triggered, to sharply increase the relative speed of the separated projectile elements.

The invention can be used in the development of separable missiles with detachable warheads, and, first of all, when creating new and modernizing existing designs of multiple launch rocket systems, which reduces the time and cost of working out the developed samples.

The indicated positive effect is confirmed by the results of bench tests of prototypes of separation units made in accordance with the invention.

Claims (1)

The separation unit of the head part of the munition, comprising a shell with a bottom, a support ring with a boost assembly, a piston, a boost charge, pressure powder accumulators, a working and storage cavity for charge combustion products, characterized in that the pressure powder accumulators fixed in the piston of the separation compartment are nozzle blocks opposite the gas-dynamic windows, providing the ability to fill the combustion cavity with combustion products and made in the intermediate diaphragm, rigidly fastened to the supports the shell ring, while the nozzle blocks of the powder pressure accumulators are equipped with devices for simultaneous opening of nozzles made in the form of plugs located in the outlet of the nozzle and having exhaust rods fixed in the intermediate diaphragm and connected to the plugs of the nozzles by means of an abutment and detachable connections of a threaded type.

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