RU2617659C1 - Process line for moulding and drying ceramic bricks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: process line for moulding and drying ceramic bricks contains the sequentially mounted belt press, polychord automatic cutting machine, automatic brick stacker, and drying oven. Between the polychord automatic cutting machine and the automatic stacker, the alternating magnetic field generator is installed, the lines of which are perpendicular to the compression vector.

EFFECT: reduction of bricks irregular grain and uneven density; under the action of alternating magnetic field, molecular interaction occurs in the raw brick, resulting in ordering the material, which in turn increases the strength properties of brick.

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Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and is intended for use in the reconstruction of existing and designing new enterprises for the production of plastic molded ceramic bricks.

There is a method of plastic forming ceramic bricks on tape presses by extruding through a mouthpiece with tapering cores to form channels in a clay bar, the total cross section of which is 1-7% of the cross-sectional area of a clay bar (RF Patent No. 2041063. Method for the plastic formation of ceramic brick. Published on 08/09/1995 g.).

This method has a number of significant drawbacks in that the formation of the surface of the through holes of the channels increases the tendency of the brick to crack, frizz, delamination, and the equivalent strength properties do not apply to the entire volume of the brick. In addition, the formed edges of the through holes with the surfaces of the faces of the brick during firing become stress concentrators, which increase the amount of battle of the brick and reduce its strength properties.

A well-known plastic molding ceramic brick production line containing a sequentially mounted belt press, a multi-string cutting machine, a brick automatic stacker with drying frames, T-racks and a stacking machine, a transitional roller table, a step conveyor, a step conveyor and a hoist with legs installed inside drying chamber in 2 tiers in height on T-shaped racks on the drying frames themselves. The specified production line is common in Russia (RF Patent No. 2534283. Technological line for molding and drying of ceramic brick of plastic molding. Published on July 20, 2014).

The line has a number of significant drawbacks: the presence of defects in the formation: voids, frizziness, delamination, leading to a subsequent decrease in the strength of bricks during drying and firing.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the viscoplastic properties of silicon oxide, reduce voidness, silliness, unequal density, delamination due to relaxation of elastic stresses and increase the strength of the brick itself by orientation in the vertical plane of molecular bonds in the magnetic field of the generator, the lines of force of which are perpendicular to the pressing vector.

This goal is achieved by the fact that between the multi-string cutting machine and the brick stacker, a variable magnetic field generator is installed, the lines of force of which are perpendicular to the pressing vector.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a technological line for molding and drying ceramic bricks.

In FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of an alternating magnetic field generator.

In FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 2.

The technology of the line for molding and drying ceramic bricks has a sequentially installed belt press 1, a multi-line cutting machine 2, an alternating magnetic field generator 3, a brick automatic stacker 4, dried 5.

The alternating magnetic field generator 3 comprises a shaft 6 with rigidly fixed disks 7 and 8, on which permanent magnets 9 are mounted with diametrically placed magnetic poles of the same name. At the same time, permanent magnets 9 with opposite poles are installed on disks 7 and 8 in pairs.

The processing line for molding and drying ceramic bricks to eliminate these drawbacks has an alternating magnetic field generator installed on the line after the raw pressing operation, FIG. one

The proposed line, in comparison with other technological lines, has several advantages in terms of the possibility of increasing the ductility of raw materials and the equivalence of the mechanical strength of ceramic bricks.

The implementation of the invention is carried out primarily in the development of a technological line for molding and drying ceramic bricks with an additional generator forming an alternating magnetic field.

The invention on the line of molding and drying ceramic bricks works as follows.

After molding in a tape press 1, the raw material enters the multi-line cutting machine 2 and then enters the alternating magnetic field generator 3, then leaves the magnetic zone, which includes the next raw block. After the magnetic zone, the raw whetstones go to the automatic brick stacker 4, then to the dryer and to firing. The device can be used for multichannel technological lines.

In the magnetic zone of the generator 3 by rotation of the shaft 6 and the disks 7 and 8 with hard-fixed permanent magnets 9 creates an alternating oscillating magnetic field.

An alternating ascending magnetic field by changing the axial symmetry of the transverse wave of the natural magnetic field of the brick allows you to orient the molecular bonds of the main component of the brick of silicon oxide. The transverse wave is polarized, since the raw medium is anisotropic, and the refraction is double. In this case, one magnetic vector is formed by the “ordinary”, and the second “unusual” - highly polarized, which has an amplification effect of the ordering of the material.

The magnitude of the magnetic field is determined by the formula:

where P is the dipole moment Si, K⋅m;

ε ₀ is the electric constant;

α is the atomic volume, m ³ ; the diameter of the Si atom is 0.268 nm.

It is known that for silicon the boundary of indirect absorption of electromagnetic waves is close to 1.09 eV, and that of direct absorption is 3.3 eV. Chemical residual magnetization of silicon appears when exposed to an external field. An increase in the magnetization of silicon-containing materials occurs with an increase in iron oxide in them. Thus, the residual magnetization of clay and sand is ≈0.02 A / m and already in the fired brick it varies from 0.1 to the first units of the SI system (A / m). In addition, under the influence of an alternating magnetic field (wavelengths λ = 1000-1500 Nm), molecular interaction occurs in the raw brick, leading to the appearance of intermolecular crystals and the subsequent ordering of the material, which, in turn, increases the strength properties of the brick.

Claims (1)

A ceramic brick molding and drying production line containing a sequentially installed belt press, a multi-string cutting machine, a brick automatic stacker, was dried, characterized in that a variable magnetic field generator was installed between the multi-string cutting machine and the stacker, the lines of force of which were perpendicular to the pressing vector.

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