RU2617121C1 - Method for high temperature coolant oil production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: unconverted residue of sulfur and high-sulfur oil fuel hydrocracking is subjected to distillation in order to select fractions 350-400°C with its subsequent extraction with N-methylpyrrolidone and subsequent division to extract and raffinate solutions, N-methylpyrrolidone discharge from the raffinate and extract solutions obtain raffinate and extract - high temperature coolant oil.

EFFECT: method allows to obtain coolant oil without additional post-treatment from the available petroleum feedstock.

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Description

The invention relates to oil refining processes, in particular, to the production of process oils.

The energy of many modern chemical processes and some synthetic fiber production is based on the use of liquid coolants and working fluids with specific chemical, thermal and rheological properties. At a number of such industries, non-toxic petroleum heat transfer oils, which are characterized by sufficiently high thermal stability and autoignition temperature, are successfully used. High-temperature petroleum heat transfer oils, operable up to 280-320 ° C, are products of deep oil refining, in which, thanks to technological processes, a high content of aromatic and naphthenic-aromatic hydrocarbons is achieved.

Known methods for producing heat transfer oil AMT-300 (TU 38.101537-75) based on phenolic purification extracts of straight-run vacuum distillates of sulphurous oils by their subsequent dewaxing and post-treatment (sulfuric acid, adsorption or hydrocatalytic). The characteristics of the heat transfer oil AMT-300 are presented in table 1.

Known methods for producing heat transfer oil AMT-300T (TU 38.1011023-85) based on the extract of heavy catalytic cracking gas oil (fraction 350-475 ° C), followed by selective dewaxing and post-treatment (adsorption or hydrocatalytic). The characteristics of the heat transfer oil AMT-300T are presented in table 1.

The disadvantage of the above inventions is the need for purification of the aromatic extract. This leads to additional costs in obtaining heat transfer oils, worsens the economy and complicates the technology.

When creating the invention, the task was to obtain heat transfer oils similar to the AMT family, which do not require additional post-treatment from available petroleum feedstocks.

The above problem is solved by the fact that in the method for producing high-temperature coolant oil from the unconverted residue of fuel hydrocracking of vacuum gas oil obtained in the process of vacuum distillation of heavy oil and sour crude oils, in which the unconverted residue of fuel hydrocracking of sulfur and high sulphurous oils is subjected to the selection of 350 400 ° C, followed by its extraction with N-methylpyrrolidone and subsequent separation into extract and raffinate solution, distillation th N-methylpyrrolidone from raffinate and extract solutions to produce raffinate and extract - a high-temperature coolant oil.

The proposed method due to the use of distillation and subsequent extraction with a selective solvent of the target fraction of the unconverted hydrocracking residue of vacuum gas oil allows to obtain a new technical result based on available crude oil:

- extract - high temperature heat transfer oil;

- raffinate - an intermediate in the production of high index base oils.

The essence of the proposed method is illustrated by the following example.

At the first stage, a fraction with boiling intervals of 350-400 ° C was obtained from the unconverted residue of fuel hydrocracking by vacuum distillation on a standard ARN-2 apparatus under laboratory conditions according to GOST 11011-85. Table 2 shows the PFC of the initial unconverted hydrocracking residue and fractions of 350-400 ° C.

The balance of the distillation of the hydrocracking residue is presented in table 3.

The approximate yield of the fraction 350-400 ° C is 38.0% vol. on the unconverted hydrocracking residue.

At the second stage, the obtained fraction of the unconverted hydrocracking residue with boiling intervals of 350-400 ° C was subjected to extraction with a selective solvent N-methylpyrrolidone. The extraction was carried out once, in a heated dividing funnel with a stirrer and an adjustable thermostat. Mechanical stirring at the extraction temperature was carried out for 30 minutes at atmospheric pressure. The speed of rotation of the mixer was chosen so that there was effective mixing without the formation of a large funnel and a stable emulsion. The separation of the layers was carried out at a temperature of extraction for 30 minutes in a clean conical heat-resistant flask.

In the third stage, the raffinate and extract solutions were washed with distilled water with intensive mechanical stirring without emulsion formation and at a temperature of 60-70 ° C until the solvent was completely removed. The amount of water leaching is at least seven. The amount of water per wash - at least one volume of raffinate or extract solutions in a separatory funnel. The removal of washing water with a solvent was carried out by settling in a separatory funnel.

At the fourth stage, the obtained raffinate and extract were filtered through a double desalinated filter paper with calcium chloride grade “ХЧ” at a temperature of 70 ° C to remove traces of water.

According to the results of extraction (selective purification) fr. 350-400 ° C of the unconverted hydrocracking residue with N-methylpyrrolidone was prepared material balance (table 4).

The physicochemical properties of the raffinate and extract of the 350-400 ° C fraction of the unconverted hydrocracking residue with N-methylpyrrolidone are presented in Table 5.

In accordance with the results of determining the density, refractive index, and other laboratory samples of raffinate and extract obtained, it was concluded that raffinate can be used as an intermediate for the production of a base high-index oil of the 2nd group according to the API classification, and the extract as a high-temperature coolant oil (Table 1).

The quality parameters of the obtained raffinate and extract are regulated by changing:

- the technological regime of hydrocracking (for example, by changing the ratio of hydrogen: raw materials, pressure, etc.);

- the temperature range of the boiling fraction of the unconverted hydrocracking residue;

- temperature extraction of the obtained fraction with N-methylpyrrolidone,

- volume ratio of solvent: raw material in the extraction process. The content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the raffinate and extract is controlled by liquid chromatography with a spectrophotometric detector for absorption in the ultraviolet and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

The resulting heat transfer oil does not require additional post-treatment (table 5).

Thus, when creating this invention, the problem of obtaining heat transfer oils similar to the AMT family, which do not require additional purification from available petroleum feedstocks, has been solved.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining a high-temperature coolant oil, characterized in that the unconverted residue of fuel hydrocracking of sulfur and sour crude oils is subjected to rectification in order to select a fraction of 350-400 ° C, followed by its extraction with N-methylpyrrolidone and subsequent separation into an extract and raffinate solution, distillation of N-methylprolone from raffinate and extract solutions to obtain raffinate and extract - high-temperature coolant oil.