RU2616377C1 - Hydraulic structure for underground spring water drainage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: hydraulic structure comprises installed in the aquifer 1 the reservoir 2 with the bottom filter 3 having the filling 4, and the water level determinant 5. The working reservoir 6 is additionally divided into the water intake chamber 7 and the float chamber 8. The second working reservoir 6 is separated from the first reservoir 2 by the perforated partition wall 9 with the bottom threshold 10. The working reservoir 6 comprises the vertical housing 11 fixed to the reservoir lid, in the housing of which the float pump 12 of the water intake chamber 7 is placed. The float pump 12 has the limiter 13 in the form of guides fixed in the lower part of the housing 11, and the limiter 14 is fixed in the middle part of its intake. The water intake chamber 7 is separated from the float chamber 8 of the reservoir 6 by the cantilever wall 15. The float chamber 8 is equipped with a means in the form of the sewer pipe 16 fixed in the structure slope 17, and is provided with the tubular insert 18 made in the form of a flexible hose segment, one end of which is inserted into the sewer pipe 16 with the possibility of moving freely therein, and the other end of the insert 18 is connected to the flare nozzle 19 fixed on the float 20. The flare nozzle 19 with the float 20 is freely mounted on the guide riser 21 with the possibility for axial motion between the limiters 22 and 23, which is mounted on the bottom of the float chamber 8. The partition wall 15 is installed with a gap relative to the bottom 24 of the working reservoir 6. The reservoirs 2 and 6 are arranged in the sequential order and equipped with the hydroinsulation layer 25 of the desired height. The hydraulic structure operates in standalone and automatic modes.

EFFECT: simplicity and reliability of the design.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to water supply from underground sources and relates, in particular, to structures for collecting water from underground spring water used for drinking purposes, and the regeneration of the filter element in the water intake system.

In those cases when it is necessary to significantly increase the influx of spring water from underground sources into a tank in which there is no bottom, replace it with a bottom filter with further drainage.

Known self-washing drainage of periodic action, including an accumulation tank for accumulating washing water, connected by an automatic drainage device to the inspection drainage well of the washed drainage, and a manhole of the accumulating tank, while the accumulating tank intended for hydraulic washing of the drainage and accumulating filtration water is located in the ground body dams in the zone of seasonal increase in the surface of the depression, but outside the filtration zone of iron and manganese-containing waters, and along its perimeter there are water-receiving openings for collecting filtration water, which are protected from siltation by a reverse filter and protective filtering material (Patent PM RU No. 90806, ЕОВВ 11/00 dated 01/20/2010).

However, in such drainage, the siphon immersed by the incoming branch in the storage tank is activated only when the water reaches a certain level to supply it with a large flow of water, i.e. work takes place in a cyclical (discontinuous) period. This circumstance leads to cyclical work, as a result of which the structure is not stable in operation. In addition, it cannot control its downstream, which means that it is not possible to accurately and flexibly control the level of clean water for supply to the consumer. Due to the cyclical operation of the storage tank, when a small drainage outflow through the soil dam arrives, the tank has a long filling time with water, which means that stagnation of water in it and its flowering are not excluded, which negatively affects the ecological harmony in comparison with the natural source of underground spring water for drinking water supply.

A device for collecting water from a well is known, including a water intake and casing pipe, a pump and a tank for collecting water in the well, a water flow tank located under the water collecting tank, the pump housing being located in the chamber, and the pump discharge pipe connected to the water pipe above the chamber (Copyright certificate SU No. 653361, ЕОВВ 5/04 dated 03/25/1979).

The known device is characterized by a sufficient complexity of the design, it is possible for suspended particles to enter the pump, which inevitably leads to failure, and therefore, high water quality is not ensured due to the suspension of suspended particles in the storage tank. In addition, the device does not provide a constant intake of water, it works in a cyclic form, and this generally violates the ecological harmony with the natural environment when taking water. At the same time, at low water levels, the suction height increases, as well as the capture of more suspended particles with water, which increases energy costs during operation, it is difficult to maintain the device in case of a possible emergency, and clogging of the nozzle openings when pouring into the chamber.

A device for collecting groundwater comprising a tank with a filter, a ceiling and a water level sensor, a pump for pumping water, a bulk tank for collecting spring water, a piping system, a spool mechanism mounted on the ceiling, installed to communicate with the atmosphere of the tank cavity and connected to a software unit associated with a level sensor and a pump (Copyright certificate SU No. 1214860, Е02В 3/08 of 02/28/1986).

The known device is characterized by sufficient design complexity, possible suspension of suspended particles in the pump, which inevitably leads to failure, which does not provide sufficient reliability of the device. In addition, soil particles enter the spring water collected in the tank, not providing the required quality of pure spring water. The device violates the ecological harmony with the natural source of groundwater.

Thus, the above analogues for the abstraction of underground spring water do not differ in the simplicity and reliability of the structures in operation, do not provide the necessary quality of spring water, violate the ecological harmony with the natural environment when taking water from underground sources.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a hydraulic structure for collecting underground spring water, containing a tank installed in the aquifer with a bottom filter having a backfill, and a water level gauge, a pump with a suction hose for pumping underground water, a container for collecting and flowing spring water connected to the suction hose of the pump, the piping system, it is additionally equipped with a second reservoir in communication with the first reservoir through multilevel pipes, and a nerve tank connected to the second working tank and installed below the level of the latter, and the pump suction hose is located in the second tank, equipped with means for the flow of underground water into the natural reservoir, while the lowest level pipe is located below the minimum water level in the low water in the first reservoir, both working and reserve reservoirs are arranged in sequential order and equipped with a waterproofing layer of the required height, located around each reservoir (Patent RU No. 2407862, Е03В 3/00 dated 12/27/2010).

However, in this building, the presence of a reserve tank and means of flowing underground spring water requires additional costs for the equipment of the water intake devices of the structure and significantly increases the overall size, in addition, the location of drain pipes equipped with shut-off bodies and taps makes it difficult in practice to regulate and draw spring water when the need to take a constant flow of water from different levels of the working tank, i.e. control your downstream, and during operation it does not seem possible to accurately and flexibly regulate when water flows into a natural body of water. A further disadvantage is that when the pipes of different levels are arranged in height, there flows directly from the bottom layer immediately and the second working tank is filled, which affects the hydraulic filling mode and water quality in the latter with the aim of possible automatic water supply for float devices with water drainage, where it is necessary to maintain a constant high level in the working tank, providing sanitary runoff, as well as constantly monitoring the level in it by means of water intake s from the supplied first tank.

The technical result from the use of the claimed invention is to expand the functionality of the structure and increase the reliability by regulating the intake of water when the level in the working tank and automatic supply of spring water to a natural reservoir.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the hydraulic structure for drainage of underground spring water, containing a tank installed in the aquifer with a bottom filter having a filling, and a level gauge, a pump with a suction hose for pumping underground water, a piping system, while it is additionally equipped with a second working a reservoir in communication with the first reservoir, the suction hose of the pump being placed in a second reservoir equipped with a sewer-like means providing e the flow of underground water into a natural body of water, both tanks are arranged in sequential order and equipped with a waterproofing layer of the required height located around each tank, the second working tank with a drain pipe is additionally divided into a water intake and a float chamber communicating with each other through a dividing cantilever partition with a clearance of the bottom of the working tank with the drainage cavity of the structure, while the drain pipe in the float chamber is equipped with a tubular insert, made in the form of a segment of a flexible sleeve, one end of which is inserted into the sewer with the possibility of free movement in it and deflection, and the other end of the sleeve is connected with a bell pipe attached to the float with the possibility of axial movement and freely mounted on the guide riser between the stops, and the water intake the camera is equipped with a float pump, freely installed in a vertical housing, equipped with a limiter for its movement.

In addition, the first reservoir is separated from the second working reservoir by the bottom threshold of the perforated partition.

In addition, the limiters on the guide riser are fixed at a height between the minimum and maximum water levels in the float chamber of the working tank.

When the groundwater drainage system is in the level control mode in the working tank, the position of the float pump freely installed in a vertical casing with a limiter for its movement, if necessary, at elevated water levels in the working tank due to its floating position, monitors the water level in the water intake chamber, t .e. the suction chamber of the pump, like the float, rises after the water level, which will provide the possibility of taking the required water flow at steady water level in the first tank, which improves the performance of the water intake chamber and reduces the size of the water intake chamber by maintaining a constant water level in the water intake chamber working tank, and due to the limiter in the form of guides in the vertical housing in which the pump is located, increases the pump in case of any precipitation on of the working tank, and prevents wear and damage to the pump.

When the float chamber operates with a sewage pipe in the level control mode in the working tank, the position of free movement of the end of the tubular insert is in the form of a sleeve segment, one of which is inserted into the sewer with the possibility of free movement in it and deflection, and the other end of the sleeve is connected to a socket pipe attached to the float, separated by a cantilever baffle from the float pump, provide the possibility of maximum deflection in one direction or another of a piece of flexible hose when the water level in the float chamber least can rise or fall depending on the flow of groundwater from the first reservoir and flow into the second reservoir.

If it is necessary to operate only the float chamber, the operation of the float pump is switched off. In addition, an important factor in the operation of the float chamber is that it does not violate the natural flow of underground spring water, thereby ensuring ecological harmony with the natural environment during industrial water withdrawal, and therefore. Moving on a riser with limiters set the specified amount of movement (ascent) of the socket pipe with a float between the limiters and the water level in the working tank (float chamber), i.e. the minimum and maximum water levels in the float chamber of the working tank are taken into account. Thus, the segment of the flexible sleeve will constantly work in pressure mode, the free end of which is placed in the sewer. The independence of the two chambers from each other ensures the reliability of the working equipment in them due to the presence of a cantilever partition, there are no wave phenomena in the chambers.

Thus, the operations regulating the flow are simplified, the maintenance of the second working tank is greatly simplified. In general, the proposed technical solution significantly reduces the cost and simplifies the process of regulating the amount of drainage of underground spring water and, ultimately, the operation of a hydraulic structure.

The author did not identify technical solutions with features similar to those that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype, therefore, the claimed solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a hydraulic structure for drainage of underground spring water.

The hydraulic structure for drainage of underground spring water includes an aquifer 1, a reservoir 2 with a bottom filter 3 having a backfill 4, and a water level determinant 5 in the reservoir 2. The second working reservoir 6 is included in the structure. The second working reservoir 6 is further divided into a water intake chamber 7 and the float chamber 8. The second working tank 6 is separated by a perforated partition 9 with a bottom threshold 10 from the first tank 2.

The water intake chamber 7 of the working tank 6 contains a vertical housing 11, mounted to the lid of the tank. A pump 12 is placed in the housing 11, which is presented in the form of a float with an intake in the lower part of the intake chamber 7, while the pump 12 is freely mounted in the housing 11 with guides made in the form of a limiter 13 for moving in the vertical plane of the pump 12 with the float. The lower part of the intake housing of the pump 11 has a limiter 14 to limit the upward movement of the pump 11 (pipe distribution valves for supplying water from the pump are not shown to simplify the drawing).

The water inlet chamber 7 with the float pump 12 in the housing 11 is separated by a cantilever wall 15 from the float chamber 8, in which the drain pipe 16 is located, mounted in the slope 17 of the structure, and having a tubular insert 18 made in the form of a piece of flexible sleeve, one end of which is inserted into the drain pipe 16 with the possibility of free movement in it and deflection, and the other end of the insert 18 is connected to the socket pipe 19, mounted on the float 20, freely mounted on the guide riser 21 with the possibility of axial movement between ogre nichitelyami 22 and 23, the riser 21 is mounted on the bottom of the float chamber 8 of the working tank 6.

The dividing cantilever partition 15 is installed with a gap relative to the bottom 24 of the working reservoir 6. In addition, in turn, the stops 22 and 23 on the riser 21 can be interchangeable and fixed in relation to the placement of the socket pipe 19 fixed between the float 20 and this at the same time, it restricts the vertical movement of the flexible sleeve 18 (insert) with the socket pipe 19. Thus, the movement between the minimum and maximum water levels in the float chamber 8 ra Tank 6.

Backfill 4 is gravel of various sizes. The lower layer consists of coarse gravel, the intermediate layer is medium gravel, and the upper layer is small gravel. The tanks are provided with an external waterproofing layer 25 of the required height. The bottom filter 3 of the tank 2 is made on top in the form of a perforated plate.

A hydraulic structure for drainage of underground spring water works as follows.

In the area of the underground spring water source with a dug pit, tanks 2 and 6 are installed in series. The filter 3 is installed in the aquifer 1. First, the filtering spring water enters the first tank 2 and fills it due to the threshold 10 of the perforated partition 9 to a critical water level in the first tank 2. When the water level in the first tank 2 reaches the flow rate corresponding to the flow from the aquifer through the filter 3, then through the perforation in the partition 9 with a threshold of 10, the water enters the water the main chamber 7 of the working reservoir 6. When filling the working reservoir 6 and, accordingly, the chamber 7 is filled through the hole of the guides made in the form of a limiter 13, the housing 11 with the float pump 12, and the float with the pump rises after the water level up (or falls down), which will provide the possibility of sampling the required water flow at steady water level marks in the intake chamber 7. The pump 12 can be turned off and then the pump 12 is in a floating state due to the presence of its float, the course of which th restricted guiding a restrictor 13 or restrictor 14 at the maximum level in the water receiving chamber 7 of the working tank 6, which prevents wear and breakage of the pump housing 11 installed above the bottom 24 of the working tank 6.

Water taken to the consumer can directly enter a natural body of water. Depending on the extent to which it is necessary to take water from the float chamber 8 of the working tank 6, the height position of the upper and lower stops 22 and 23 is fixed on the riser 21, therefore, the end of the insert in the form of a flexible sleeve 18, having a certain length and free movement in the drain pipe 16, fix the other end to the socket pipe 19 with the float 20, installed on the riser 21 in the float chamber 8 of the working tank 6, provide maximum deflection between the location of the stops 22 and 23, fixed on the box 21 without undocking with the drain pipe 16 and socket pipe 19. The presence of fixing stops 22 and 23 on the riser 21 allows water to be taken by the pipe socket 19 from the minimum to maximum water levels in the float chamber 8 of the working tank 6, and the presence of the cantilever dividing wall 15 provides calm water surface in the float chamber 8, even when water is taken by the float pump 12 in the water intake chamber 7, i.e. each of chambers 7 and 8 excludes the influence of the wave wave phenomenon of water on each other, eliminates stagnation of water in the working tank and its flowering, providing thanks to the operation of the socket pipe, flexible hose and drain pipe, where water constantly flows from the working tank and ensures the ecological harmony of the building with natural environment.

Thus, the equipment of a hydraulic structure for drainage of underground spring water, equipped as a working reservoir with two chambers separated by a cantilever partition, provides the possibility of their operation with minimal influence on each other, which increases the performance of the hydraulic structure as a water intake structure. Allows you to significantly reduce the size of the entire structure by maintaining a certain water level both in the water intake chamber with a float pump, and in the float chamber with a drain pipe and its device elements, while taking water at steady levels in the working tank, which increases the reliability of the entire structure . The hydraulic structure works in autonomous and automatic modes. In turn, on the whole, the proposed technical solution of a hydraulic structure significantly reduces the cost and simplifies the process of regulating the amount of flow intake and, ultimately, the operation of the structure.

Claims (3)

1. A hydraulic structure for the removal of underground spring water, containing a tank installed in an aquifer with a bottom filter having a backfill, and a level gauge, a pump with a suction hose for pumping underground water, a piping system, while it is additionally equipped with a second working tank, moreover, a suction the pump hose is located in the second tank, equipped with a sewer in the form of a pipe providing free flow of underground water into a natural reservoir, both tanks are located in and are equipped with a waterproofing layer of the required height, located around each tank, characterized in that the second working tank with a drain pipe is additionally divided into a water intake and a float chamber, interconnected through a dividing cantilever partition with a gap relative to the bottom of the working tank with a drainage cavity of the structure, while the sewer in the float chamber is equipped with a tubular insert made in the form of a piece of flexible sleeve, one end of which den into the sewer with the possibility of free movement in it and deflection, and the other end of the sleeve is connected to a bell pipe attached to the float with the possibility of axial movement and freely mounted on the guide riser between the stops, and the water inlet chamber is equipped with a float pump freely installed in a vertical housing equipped with a limiter of its movement. 2. The hydraulic structure for the removal of underground spring water according to claim 1, characterized in that the first reservoir is separated from the second working reservoir by the bottom threshold of the perforated partition. 3. The hydraulic structure for removing underground spring water according to claim 1, characterized in that the limiters on the guide riser are fixed at a height between the minimum and maximum water levels in the float chamber of the working tank.

Images