RU2615973C1 - Apparatus of gas fire extinguishing system with use of carbon dioxide - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: installation of gas fire extinguisher with carbon dioxide comprises a rack, which is designed single row consisting of a frame with clips, on which the gas fire-fighting module is fixed. The module consists of a cylinder shut-off trigger device siphon tube, a protective cover, and starting exhaust openings closed cap and the plug, connectable with the grounding cable to the grounding terminal. The top of the bottle neck is threaded to install charging-starting device, located at the bottom of the support shoe. Shut-off trigger mechanism consists of a casing, starting valve, a pusher with a cover assembly of the exhaust valve mounting, a spring-loaded outlet valve, gear, seal rings, rupture disc, a high pressure hose connected to the conduit via fitting, weight control device consists of a weighing device consisting of a mechanical weighing device with springs located between a base and a weighing platform, wherein the device has a weight regulation lable screw and a threshold sensor, the device is set to a weight unit weight display, consisting of housing and circuit board assembly on a rack mounted unit weight device control signals, and the display units of mass, the head unit and the signal control unit are interconnected by symmetrical cables with connectors. Combination of electromechanical start-up consists of a device electrical starter and manual pull station. The electrical starter is a solenoid with a movable plunger acting on the mechanical latch, then to the starting valve connections for leaks electrical starter with stop-start device is provided copper gasket. The manual actuation device comprises a pivot arm located on the front panel of the combined electro-start device for engagement with a mechanical latch, disposed in the chassis. The collector consists of a pipe with fittings, valve ball from the valve position control, mounted on the collector outlet, safety valve, clutch for setting alarm pressure and flange connection, pneumatic starter, consisting of pneumatic and manual starting device, high pressure hose lines pneumatic starter, drain valve pneumatic device start-up and reverse the pneumatic trigger valve.

EFFECT: increase the reliability of the installation as a whole.

7 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, and in particular to automatic fire extinguishing means, and is intended for long-term storage under pressure and the release of a gas fire extinguishing substance (GOTV) into a protected room when extinguishing fires of classes A, B, C according to GOST 27331 and electrical equipment (electrical installations under voltage) .

An analogue of the claimed invention is a fire extinguishing installation, which contains a container with a flame retardant liquid, a suction device with a siphon tube, a spray device and a cylinder with liquid carbon dioxide, which is connected through a shut-off and start device to a pipeline having a gas distribution section, which is located in the bottom zone of the tank cavity with flame retardant. The intake device is made in the form of an ejector, while the ejection inlet of the ejector is connected to the siphon tube, the ejected inlet (s) is connected to the upper region of the cavity of the container with flame arrestor, and the ejector exit is connected to the spray device (patent for invention No. 2177815, publication date: 10.01 .2002).

The presented analogue indicates that the two-phase gas-liquid stream formed by the ejector will contain particles of the condensed phase with dissolved carbon dioxide, which, when the pressure drops at the outlet of the spray device, will further disperse the particles of the condensed phase of the two-phase stream due to the phenomenon of steam explosion.

For the appearance and development of the phenomenon of steam explosion, a number of conditions are necessary:

- the formation of such a mixture of the melt and the heat carrier of the cellular structure, which would be compact enough so that the pressure wave could propagate inside it;

- the mixture must have a sufficient amount of coolant for the formation of steam;

- there must be a trigger mechanism - a pressure impulse that would lead to a breakdown of the vapor film on the drops of the melt, a sharp intensification of heat transfer.

From the presented description it is not clear how the above requirements are observed, which will lead to the threat of an emergency associated with premature or untimely formation of a steam explosion inside the installation, and not at the outlet of the stream, which is a significant drawback.

The prototype of the claimed technical solution is a fire safety system with sequential injection of inert gas. A controlled pressure relief system (10) prevents the occurrence of excessive pressure in the protected area (14) when gas is introduced. The system (10) includes the first and second gas containers (12a and 12b), pipelines (40), the first and second gas outlets (28 and 30), with the first pressure drop the valve (16a) reacts, and the valves (22, 30 ) The pipeline (40) has an outlet (24) and connects the first and second gas containers (12a and 12b) to each other at the outlet of the first gas (28) with the outlet of the second gas (32), respectively. The first reacts to the pressure drop valve (16a) located between the first and second gas outlets (28 and 32). The valve (22, 30) actuates the system (10) and switches between the closed position and the open position. When the valve (22, 30) goes into the open position, the container of the first gas (12a) is in communication with the outlet (24). The valve (16a) reacts to the first pressure drop, opens depending on the gas pressure difference caused by the decrease in gas pressure in the first gas container (12a) (UK patent No. WO 2007032764 (A1), publication date: 2007-03-22) .

The main disadvantage of this device is the lack of a device for controlling the mass of a gas fire extinguishing agent, which eliminates, for example, the detection of a leak of a gas fire extinguishing agent from fire extinguishing modules and the transmission of a leak signal to a control and fire control device, which eliminates the effective reliability of the system as a whole.

The technical result consists in eliminating the above disadvantages: ease of installation / disassembly, operation and maintenance with increased reliability of the installation as a whole.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the installation of gas fire extinguishing using carbon dioxide is characterized by the fact that the rack is made of at least single-row, consisting of a frame with clamps, on which is fixed at least one gas fire extinguishing module, consisting from a cylinder, a locking and starting device, a siphon tube, a protective casing, a start and outlet openings closed with a cap and a plug, with the possibility of attaching a grounding cable to the grounding clamp. In the upper part of the cylinder there is a threaded neck for installing a charging and starting device, in the lower part there is a support shoe, a locking and starting mechanism consisting of a body, a starting valve, a pusher with a cover, an exhaust valve mounting, a spring-loaded exhaust valve, a gearbox, and sealing rings, membrane safety device. The high pressure hose is connected to the pipeline using a fitting. The mass control device consists of a weighing device, consisting of a mechanical weighing device using springs located between the base and the weighing platform, while the weighing device is equipped with an adjustment screw and a threshold sensor. A weight indication unit is installed on the weighing device, consisting of a body and an electronic board with connectors, a signal control unit is installed on the rack of the weighing device, while the weight indication units, the head unit and the signal control unit are interconnected by symmetrical cables with connectors. The combined electromechanical starting device consists of an electrotechnical starting device and a manual starting device. The electrotechnical start-up device is a solenoid with a movable rod acting on the mechanical latch, then on the start valve. The tightness of the connection of the electrotechnical start-up device with the locking-starting device is ensured by a copper gasket. The manual start device consists of a rotary lever located on the front panel of the combined electromechanical start device, with the possibility of coupling with a mechanical latch located in the device body. The manifold consists of a pipeline with fittings, a ball valve with control of the position of the valve installed at the outlet of the manifold, a safety valve, a coupling for installing a pressure switch and flange connection, a pneumatic start device, consisting of a pneumatic and manual start device, high pressure hoses of the pneumatic start line, drain valve of pneumatic start device and pneumatic start check valve.

In this case, a single-row rack includes from one to ten modules.

In this case, the rack is made of at least two rows.

At the same time, a two-row rack includes up to twenty modules.

At the same time, the module has a capacity of at least 30 l, 60 l, 80 l, 100 l.

At the same time, the single-row stand is equipped with an electric, manual and remote start device.

At the same time, the two-row rack is equipped with a manual start device.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows the main view of a single-row installation.

In FIG. 2 shows a side view of a single-row installation.

In FIG. 3 shows a top view of a single-row installation.

In FIG. 4 shows the main view of a two-row installation.

In FIG. 5 shows a side view of a two-row installation.

In FIG. 6 shows a top view of a two-row installation.

In FIG. 7 shows a connection diagram of elements of a mass control device of a single-row installation.

In FIG. 8 shows a connection diagram of elements of a mass control device of a two-row installation.

In FIG. 9 shows a side view of the locking-starting device (hereinafter - ZPU).

In FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional main view of the locking trigger.

In FIG. 11 shows a main view of a combined electromechanical starting device.

In FIG. 12 is a side view of a combined electromechanical starter.

In FIG. 13 shows a main view of a mass control device.

In FIG. 14 is a side view of a mass control device.

In FIG. 1-3 are indicated:

1 - gas fire extinguishing module (hereinafter - GPT);

2 - rack installation (battery) of gas fire;

3 - device combined electromechanical start;

4 - high pressure sleeve (hereinafter - RVD);

5 - check valve of the first (pilot) gas fire extinguishing module with a tap for pneumatic start;

6 - check valve slave module GPT;

7 - weight device;

8 - manual remote start mounted on the panel rack installation (battery) GPT;

9 - collector assembly;

9.1 - collector;

9.2 - ball valve with position control;

9.3 - safety valve;

9.4 - universal pressure switch (hereinafter - CDS);

9.5 - flange connection;

10 - pneumatic start-up device assembly;

10.1 - pneumatic start of the slave module;

10.2 - a sleeve of a high pressure of the line of pneumatic start-up;

10.3 - drain valve of the pneumatic start device;

10.4 - check valve line pneumatic start.

In FIG. 4-6:

1 - module GPT;

2 - rack installation (battery) GPT;

3 - device combined electromechanical start;

4 - RVD;

5 - check valve of the first (pilot) module of the gas turbine engine with a tap for pneumatic start;

6 - check valve slave module GPT;

7 - weight device;

8 - manual remote start;

9 - collector assembly;

10 - pneumatic start device.

In FIG. 7:

11 - signal control unit;

12 - mass indication unit;

7 - weight device;

13 - cable connecting the first block of the indication of mass to the control unit of signals;

14 - serial connection cable of the mass indication blocks;

15 - panel mounting block indicating the mass;

9.4 - CDS;

9.2 - ball valve with valve position control;

16 - terminal device line of the control device for the loss of mass of gas extinguishing agent (hereinafter - GOTV);

17 - cable connection device combined electromechanical start;

18 - cable connecting the CDS;

19 - connection cable for a ball valve control device.

In FIG. 8:

11 - signal control unit;

12 - mass indication unit;

7 - weight device;

13 - cable connecting the first block of the mass indication to the signal control unit;

14 - serial connection cable of the mass indication blocks;

15 - panel mounting block indicating the mass;

9.4 - CDS;

9.2 - ball valve with valve position control;

16 is a terminal device line device control mass loss GOTV;

17 - cable connection device combined electromechanical start;

18 - cable connecting the CDS;

19 - connection cable for a ball valve control device.

In FIG. 9-10:

20 - node for tight connection of the combined electromechanical start-up device (for the pilot module) or the pneumatic start-up element for the driven GPT modules;

21 - element for fixing the start valve;

22 - trigger valve push action;

23 - spring holding valve ZPU in the closed state;

24 - valve ZPU;

25 - gasket with channels for supplying starting pressure to the ZPU piston;

26 - the piston body;

27 - the valve opening piston ZPU (valve actuator);

28 - a sealing ring gasket of the piston;

29 - rod gasket;

30 - housing ZPU;

31 - safety device (safety membrane and membrane fixing bolt);

32 - the cover of the ZPU.

In FIG. 11-12:

33 - casing of the combined electromechanical starting device;

34 - housing cover;

35 - fasteners;

36 - mounting unit of the solenoid;

37 - solenoid;

38 - connector connecting the solenoid;

39 - a safety ring (check) of a manual start;

40 - a nut of accession to ZPU;

41 - manual start;

42 - cocking device combined electromechanical launch;

43 - site connection remote mechanical start;

44 - nut of fixation of the solenoid;

45 - stock;

46- front panel mounts;

47 - copper gasket tight connection to the ZPU.

In FIG. 13-14:

48 - platform weighing device for installing the module GPT;

49 - springs;

50 - panel mounting block indicating the mass;

51 - the base of the weighing device;

52 - mass loss sensor (without inertial limit switch);

53 - screw adjust the point of operation of the sensor mass loss;

54 - nut fixing the adjusting screw;

12 - mass indication unit;

55 - cable connecting the sensor for controlling the mass drop to the mass indication unit;

56 - rack with adjustable horizontal installation of the weighing device;

57 - rack fixing nut.

The claimed installation works as follows.

Standby mode.

In standby mode, a gas fire extinguishing installation is designed to store a gas extinguishing agent (in this case, CO ₂ ) and to constantly monitor the safety of the fire protection system. If the GOTV mass decreases in one of the gas turbine modules below 5%, a signal is issued about the malfunction - GOTV leak. In standby mode, the gas extinguishing agent is under the pressure of its own vapors in the enclosed space of each of the installation modules and is limited to the cylinder and the locking-starting device in the closed state. In this case, the valve ZPU (Fig. 9-10 pos. 24) is in the closed state and seals the internal volume of the module with GOTV. All elements of the GOTV supply (release) of the fire extinguishing installation, such as a high pressure water heater, manifold, pneumatic start-up device (if any), are not under excess pressure. GPT modules, in turn, are mounted in the installation frame, held upright by clamps and mounted on weighing devices.

Weighing devices constantly monitor the mass of GPG modules with GOTV and are configured to give a signal about a decrease in GOTV mass by more than 5%. In normal mode (absence of GOTV leaks), the mass control device does not generate a “Mass loss” signal. The controlled position of the ball valve in standby mode corresponds to the position - the valve is open and the “Fault” and “Gate” signals are not generated. In the event of leaks of one of the installation modules or several modules in the installation, the weighing devices of these modules generate a mass loss signal, which in turn is monitored by the mass display units and when this signal is in effect for more than 60 seconds. It is transmitted via a digital communication line (connecting cables) to the head unit of the GPT installation - the Signal Monitoring Unit, which in turn generates a Failure and Mass Loss signal, which are issued in the form of "dry contacts" (relay switching) to external installation devices fire extinguishing (fire extinguishing control and management device) and are displayed on the panel of the signal control unit.

The algorithm of the mass control device is designed in such a way as to ensure high reliability of signals about the loss of mass. It is provided by a time interval of 60 seconds, in the action of which single pulses and short-term opening of the contacts of the sensor of the weighing device are perceived as false, associated with external influences in the form of mechanical vibrations. Moreover, to configure the trigger point, the status indication of the weight control sensor of the weighing device is made without a time delay.

Fire extinguishing mode (GOTV release).

Under normal conditions, the transition to the start-up mode of the installation (GOTV release, fire extinguishing mode) occurs from the standby mode, despite the possible signals of malfunctions or a decrease in weight.

When a fire is detected, the fire alarm, in particular the fire extinguishing control device, gives a command signal to start the fire extinguishing installation in the form of an electrical signal 24V, of a given duration and with a given current strength. This electrical impulse enters through the signal control unit and connecting cables to the combined electromechanical starting device. At the same time, the electromechanical start-up rod installed on the pilot module’s pilot valve (installed tightly through a copper gasket on a special pilot-cylinder connector) acts on the pilot-pilot valve, after which a small part of the GOTV flows and pressure is created on the piston, which in turn opens the pilot-pilot valve and provides GOTV output from the first module. GOTV enters the WFD and then into the collector and pipe wiring of the protected room.

If a group of modules is used in the installation, the pressure created in the manifold from the output of the first module enters the pneumatic start-up device and leads to the opening of the following (slave) modules. GOTV from each module through the WFD enters the common collector and is supplied to the protected room. Moreover, the exit time should not exceed 60 seconds. Regardless of the number of modules in the installation, the use of collectors of different diameters is achieved. After the GOTV is released, the residual pressure from the pneumatic start-up device is vented through the drain valve installed at the end of the pneumatic start-up line on the last module. The operation of the installation and the output of the GOTV are controlled using a pressure switch installed on the manifold of the installation. When the GOTF exits from the modules, the mass loss sensors are triggered and, as a result, after 60 seconds, it gives a signal about the malfunction and mass loss, which also confirms the release of the GOTV.

Service mode.

The maintenance mode is provided for regular operations to maintain the installation in working condition and provides safe service without the risk of unauthorized release of the fire protection system into the protected room in the absence of fire and with the possibility of people staying in the protected room at the time of the maintenance or testing of the installation.

To enter the service mode, it is necessary to close the ball valve with the position control at the outlet of the collector, thereby blocking the possible exit of the GOTV to the protected room. At the same time, work in both manual and automatic mode will be impossible. When the valve closes, there is an immediate issuance of external signals of a malfunction and the shutter is in service mode. In the event of a subsequent incomplete opening of the valve, upon completion of service, a signal to close the valve is not issued, and a malfunction signal is still being generated, because if the valve is not fully opened, normal (calculated) operation of the installation is impossible. The fault signal will be issued to external devices until the valve is fully open, thereby achieving a high probability of faultless and correct operation, and the influence of the human factor is excluded.

This function for safe maintenance can be used not only in installations using CO ₂ , but also in other GOTVs, but it is most relevant for gas compositions hazardous to humans in fire extinguishing concentrations. To prevent possible damage to the design of the gas turbine unit with high pressure, a safety valve is installed directly on the manifold when discharging and closing the valve.

Commissioning, calibration mode of weighing devices.

After assembly at the gas fire extinguishing installation site, and also periodically it is necessary to calibrate (adjust) the threshold of the sensors of weighing devices. Moreover, unlike other mass loss control devices that use scales with load cells in the installation proposed for patenting, there is no need for annual calibration of the scales. This procedure is carried out on a fully mounted installation using an exemplary tensile dynamometer. The whole procedure boils down to the fact that with the help of a dynamometer, a partial reduction in the load on the weighing device with an installed module is performed. To do this, the dynamometer hook clings to the top of the module and an upward force is created, aimed at reducing the force of the module on the weighing platform, equal to the mass loss of the GOTV in 5%. In this state, the adjusting screw is adjusted until a weight loss signal appears. Such an operation is performed for each weighing platform with a module installed, which will be located on this platform during operation.

This tuning principle allows you to qualitatively improve the calibration process, significantly reduce the setup time and increase the accuracy of tuning.

Thus, the analysis and testing of the prototype confirm the achieved technical result of the claimed invention, which consists in the simplicity of installation / disassembly, operation and maintenance with an increase in the reliability of the installation as a whole.

The use of a mass control device with completely ready-made elements, which ensures ease of assembly with no errors, ensures that the point of operation of the sensors for monitoring weight loss directly on the assembled installation using a tensile dynamometer is carried out, provides fast and high adjustment accuracy without the use of strain gauges.

The mass control device consists of the following elements. A weighing device consisting of a mechanical weighing device using springs with predetermined characteristics located between the base and the weighing platform. In addition, the weighing device is equipped with an adjusting screw for setting the trigger point for the mass loss of the gas extinguishing agent and a threshold sensor of the “dry contact” type (limit switching switch without fixing). This weighing device is not a means of measurement, because in the process does not give a quantitative value of the measured value, in this case the mass. The set point is set with the adjusting screw using an exemplary tensile dynamometer (calibration during assembly). A signal in the form of an opening of the sensor contacts when the mass of the gas turbine unit with GOTV CO _{2 is} reduced below the permissible value is fed to the mass indication unit.

The mass display unit consists of a housing and an electronic board with connectors. It provides integrity control of the communication circuit with the sensor and provides an indication, time delays in transmitting a signal about weight reduction (time filter 60 sec) and signal conversion and transmission using a digital protocol (RS485 or its own unique protocol to the head unit (Signal processing unit). It is installed directly on the weighing device and has two connectors for connecting to the head unit or to the previous display unit and to the next display unit. The station installed last in the circuit is equipped with a terminal device, while the head unit, when turned on, can automatically determine the number of display units in the circuit and then, during operation, to interrogate via the digital communication line exactly the required (determined during power-up) number of mass indication units. The system automatically configures the installation.

Symmetrical cables with connectors are used to connect the mass indication blocks and the head unit — the signal monitoring block (they do not require determining the direction of switching on). The cables are made in a metal braid and have four conductors: two for supplying power to the mass indication units and two for organizing a digital communication line. The signal control unit is mounted on the side surface of the rack and is designed to monitor the status of weighing devices, and also provides convenient connection of all necessary signals for the operation of a gas fire extinguishing installation. The pneumatic starter is designed to organize the launch of a group of modules from a single electrical impulse. An electrical impulse is supplied to the first (pilot) module of the gas turbine engine installation (gas turbine battery, group of gas turbine module) and activates the release of the GOTV into the collector. The pneumatic starter, also connected to the manifold, transfers the gas pressure in the manifold to the shut-off and start-up devices of the next modules in the group and also activates from the shut-off-start devices. A drain valve is used to prevent residual pressure in the pneumatic start lines.

Modular (block) design of the battery, fully prepared in the factory. No need to manufacture communication cables directly at the assembly site of the gas fire extinguishing installation and, as a result, elimination of possible errors.

The use of a ball valve with control of the position of the valve allows the installation to be serviced without the risk of a gas extinguishing agent entering the protected room. At the same time, monitoring the position of the valve ensures that the installation cannot be blocked during standby mode, and at the time the valve is shut off for servicing, the signal monitoring unit gives an external signal about the maintenance and malfunction mode.

The claimed invention is new, since the entire set of essential features is unknown from the prior art described in the corresponding section of the description.

The claimed technical solution has an inventive step, since it does not explicitly follow from the prior art for a specialist.

It is industrially applicable in relation to fire fighting equipment, namely, automatic fire extinguishing means, and is intended for long-term storage under pressure and the release of a gas fire extinguishing agent (GOTV) into a protected room when extinguishing fires of classes A, B, C in accordance with GOST 27331 and electrical equipment (electrical installations energized). The claimed invention can be used both in modular installations and in centralized systems.

Claims (7)

1. Installation of gas fire extinguishing using carbon dioxide, characterized in that the rack is made of at least single-row, consisting of a frame with clamps, on which is fixed at least one module of gas fire extinguishing, consisting of a cylinder, locking and starting device , siphon tube, protective casing, inlet and outlet openings, closed with a cap and a plug, with the possibility of attaching a grounding cable to the grounding clamp, a neck with a thread for installation is located in the upper part of the cylinder charging and starting device, in the lower part there is a support shoe, locking and starting mechanism consisting of a housing, a starting valve, a pusher with a cover, an exhaust valve mounting, a spring-loaded exhaust valve, a gearbox, o-rings, a membrane safety device, a high pressure sleeve is connected to the pipeline using a fitting, the mass control device consists of a weighing device consisting of a mechanical weighing device using springs located between the bases and a weighing platform, while the weighing device is equipped with an adjustment screw and a threshold sensor, a weight indication unit is installed on the weighing device, consisting of a body and an electronic board with connectors, a signal monitoring unit is installed on the rack of the weighing device, while the weight indication units, the head unit and the signal control unit are interconnected by symmetrical cables with connectors, a combined electromechanical starting device, consisting of an electrotechnical starting device and a device scientific start-up, an electrotechnical start-up device, which is a solenoid with a movable stem, acting on a mechanical latch, then on the start valve, the tightness of the connection of the electrotechnical start-up device with a locking-start device is ensured by a copper gasket, a manual start device, consisting of a rotary lever located on the front panels of a combined electromechanical starting device, with the possibility of coupling with a mechanical latch located in the device case, call an injector consisting of a pipeline with fittings, a ball valve with control of the valve position installed at the outlet of the manifold, a safety valve, a coupling for installing a pressure signaling device and flange connection, a pneumatic start device, consisting of a pneumatic and manual start device, high pressure hoses of the pneumatic start line , drain valve of pneumatic start device and pneumatic start check valve. 2. Installation of gas fire extinguishing using carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that the single-row rack includes from one to ten modules. 3. Installation of gas fire extinguishing using carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that the rack is made of at least two rows. 4. Installation of gas fire extinguishing using carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-row rack includes up to twenty modules. 5. Installation of gas fire extinguishing using carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that the module has a capacity of at least 30 l, 60 l, 80 l, 100 l. 6. Installation of gas fire extinguishing using carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that the single-row rack is equipped with an electric, manual and remote start. 7. Installation of gas fire extinguishing using carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-row rack is equipped with a manual start device.

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