RU2614965C2 - Storage of animals and man odorous secretion samples for subsequent analysis of smell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biotechnology.

SUBSTANCE: odorous secretion samples are placed between two pressed glass slides or two flat surfaces of ceramic, metal, and plastics. Next, the slides with samples are wrapped in foil and stored in a room under normal conditions or in refrigerator-freezers.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of long-term odorous secretion sample preservation, reduced sample obtaining time.

Description

The invention relates to the field of diagnosis and study of biological material in zoology, medicine, veterinary medicine, forensics. This biological material can be stored for a long time and in the future can be used to identify (identify) a biological object (including humans), as by smell, i.e. volatile substances and other physical and chemical parameters.

A known method of storing biological material (biochip) and its further study by optical methods [1]. Biological material was placed on a glass slide and pressed with a coverslip. In this form, it could be stored for a long time. It was possible for storage to use plates made of plastic (polyvinyl chloride). After a certain period of time, the material could be investigated including optical methods. However, the disadvantage of this storage method is that the possibility of studying the smell (volatiles) of biological material in the amount that was on a conventional slide, widely used in biology and medicine for blood analysis (with dimensions, for example, 75 × 25 × 2 mm). This is especially true for the most sensitive methods for studying odors with the help of specially trained dogs. This circumstance is associated with the small amount of biological material that is stored between two standard glasses.

Closest to the proposed storage method is the method described in [2, 3, 4]. This method consists in the fact that biological samples with volatile substances are stored in glass jars with ground or screw caps at low temperatures. Moreover, the biological material for storage is first collected on napkins about 15 × 10 cm in size from cotton fleece (flannel, bike). For this, a tight contact between the napkins and the carrier object of volatile substances is ensured, to which they are pressed for at least one hour. To preserve (preserve) odorous secretions, napkins are packed in three to four layers of aluminum foil or in glass jars with screwed or rubbed lids. In this case, biological material is in contact with air, which affects the possibility of its storage for a long time. Other disadvantages of this storage method should include a long time (hours) of contact of the wipes with the smell carrier. This is necessary so that biological material and volatile substances can be collected on a napkin in sufficient quantities. Another disadvantage of this storage method is the large physical volumes required for one sample (0.5 L can). And if you need to store hundreds and thousands of such samples at low temperatures, then this can become a serious problem.

The aim of the invention is to significantly reduce the volume of air in contact with the samples during storage, reduce the physical dimensions of the device for storing samples, reduce the sampling time for olfactory analysis and increase the storage time of odorous materials. A very important objective of the invention should be the ability to analyze and recognize a small amount of biological material (volatile matter) on a conventional glass slide.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the selection of odorous material (for example, sweating secretions of the skin surface of the body) is made by touching a standard glass slide of the corresponding part of the human or animal body. The contact time of the slide and the corresponding part of the body of the biological object (neck, hairline, fingers, tongue, etc.) is of the order of several seconds. In addition, the applied odorous material (volatile substance) on a glass slide can be obtained using a device for the isolation of volatile substances [5, 6] by sublimation. The odoriferous surface is then covered with a second glass slide or ordinary cover glass. The cover glass may be the same as a glass slide, or it may be thinner, for example 1 mm thick. In such a small and simple device, odorous material, as shown by tests, can be stored for a long time - a year or more. It should be noted that the evaporation surface of the stored material in this case is fundamentally and substantially many times smaller than in all known methods. This is due to the fact that the main surface of the stored material is tightly and completely covered by glass or other suitable material. Subject to certain additional conditions (for example, the use of two slide glasses (or a slide and a cover glass) with samples in several layers of foil for storage of a refrigerator and freezer), the storage period at which the biological substance can be recognized and studied by volatile components may be several years. Ceramics, some polymers and metals can also be used as a substrate for odorous material and for its coating.

Recognition of the selected material can be carried out using specially trained dogs, as well as physico-chemical devices: chromatographs, mass spectrometers, electronic noses. In some cases, recognition is possible using the smell of specially trained people.

Dog Recognition Example

Fingerprints of 10 men and 20 women were presented for recognition. Each print is left on a separate glass slide and then coated with another glass. Both glasses were wrapped together in foil and stored for more than a year in the refrigerator. For recognition, 4 dogs were used: jackal-dog hybrids of the cynological group of the Sheremetyevo airport, who had the experience of recognizing smells of samples of specific people among a dozen others (according to the method of Sulimov, Starovoitov [1, 2, 3]). The EXPERIMENT was as follows. The dog was presented with a sample for sniffing a fingerprint on a glass substrate with a cover slip removed for one minute. After that, the dog was presented with a set of standard napkins with odor samples of 10 men or 20 women. For male samples, recognition was 100%. For female samples, recognition was 95%.

Thus, the proposed method for storing samples of odorous secretions of animals and humans for subsequent analysis of their smell showed its viability and advantages compared with known methods. These advantages are a significant reduction in the physical volume of air in contact with the biological carrier of odor; a significant reduction in the volume of the device for storing an odor carrier; reduction in sampling time for storage; increasing the storage time of the sample, at which the recognition and analysis of biological material is possible; the possibility of such an analysis on a small amount of source material.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. A method for the study of cells using an immunological biochip. Patent RU 2389024 C1, publ. 05/10/2010 .. A.V. Shishkin, N.N. Shishkina, V.A. Shishkin.

2. Starovoitov V.I. Forensic investigation of human odor traces (methodological and procedural aspects). Methodological and procedural aspects of forensic odorology. Collection of scientific papers. M., ECC Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 1992, pp. 6-21.

3. Sulimov K.T., Starovoitov V.I. The use of odor information from the scene in the disclosure and investigation of crimes. Guidelines. M .: All-Union Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. 1989. 48 p.

4. Kisin M.V., Petranek G., Sulimov K.T., Schmidt R., Derda V. The use of canned odor in solving crimes. M .: All-Union Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. 1983. 121 p.

5. A device for the extraction of volatile substances. A.S. USSR No. 831104. Bull. No. 32, 08/30/91. IN AND. Starovoitov, V.M. Mukhin, E.P. Zinkevich, K.T. Sulimov.

6. A device for the release of volatile substances. Patent RU No. 2546732 C2. Bull. No. 10, 04/10/2015. E.P. Zinkevich, V.P. Zinkevich.

Claims (1)

A method of storing volatile odorous emissions of humans and animals for subsequent identification and research on odor using dogs or physico-chemical devices and methods, characterized in that the samples of odorous emissions are placed between two pressed glass slides or two flat surfaces of ceramic, metal, plastic, and then wrapped in foil and stored indoors under normal conditions or in refrigeration and freezers.