RU2613217C1 - Dryer for granular materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to drying machinery and can be used for the drying and treatment of oil seeds in order to prepare them for food and fodder purposes. In the design of the dryer for granular materials, containing the drying chamber made in the form of the sections for drying material in the fluidized bed and for binning, the novelty lies in the fact that the section for drying the material in the fluidized bed is located above the binning section in the vertical plane, wherein the fixed gas distribution grid is attached under an inclination in the section for drying the material in the fluidized bed; after the section for drying the material in the fluidized bed and in front of the section for the two-stage mixing the material with the antioxidant a hopper is installed, connected with two outlet pipes to the inlet pipes of the mixers with small and large performance, wherein the shutter, movable in the horizontal plane, is provided over the hopper outlet pipes, made in the form of the frame, the inner area of which is closed by a flat sheet so that moving the shutter from one extreme position to the other allows the adjustment of the material feeding from the section for drying the material in a fluidized bed into the mixer of large performance from 50 to 100% of the total amount of the material directed to the section of the two-stage mixing; the gas-supplying boxes are equipped with dampers for supplying warm and cold air, respectively, into the section for drying the material in a fluidized bed and into the binning section.

EFFECT: invention allows to intensify the process of obtaining the finished product.

2 ex

Description

The invention relates to drying equipment and can be used for drying and processing oilseeds in order to prepare them for food and feed purposes.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a dryer for bulk materials [US Pat. No. 2511807 of the Russian Federation, F26B 17/10, F26B 17/04. Dryer for bulk materials [Text] / А.V. Drannikov, D.A. Britikov S.A. Shevtsov, E.A. Ostrikova, A.V. Ponomarev, A.S. Lesnykh (Russia) - No. 2012123213/06; claimed 06/06/2012; publ. 04/10/2014; Bull. No. 10.], containing a drying chamber made in the form of sections for drying the fluidized bed material and bedding, including gas supply ducts with gas distribution grids located above them, waste heat transfer pipes and material loading and unloading pipes with devices made in the form of locks, the tracking section is equipped with a fixed gas distribution grill installed at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the material, while after the drying section of the material in a fluidized bed Motrya section of a two-stage blending with the antioxidant material to the mixers in series defined low and high productivity nozzles connected, wherein the high output performance of the mixer nozzle is supplying material binning section and mixers are provided with inlets for introducing an antioxidant, fixed on the outside of the drying chamber.

However, this device has the following disadvantages:

- low quality of finished products;

- does not allow drying and curing of the material in a continuous mode, which entails the idleness of the mixing section during the drying process;

- the duration of the drying process;

- does not provide for the possibility of adjusting the speed of the supplied air;

- insufficiently high drying process efficiency;

- low operational reliability due to the fact that it is possible "blockage" of the product of the mixing section at the time of overload from the drying section of the material in a fluidized bed;

- irrational use of production facilities.

An object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the drying process, intensify the process of obtaining the finished product, increase the operational reliability of the dryer and reduce the occupied floor space.

The object of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the proposed dryer for bulk materials containing a drying chamber, made in the form of sections for drying material in a fluidized bed and bedding, including gas supply ducts with gas distribution grids located above them, waste heat transfer pipes and loading and unloading pipes material with devices made in the form of lock gates, the tracking section is equipped with a fixed gas distribution grill installed at an angle, exceeding the angle of natural slope of the material, while after the drying section of the material in the fluidized bed there is a section for two-stage mixing of the material with the antioxidant with successively installed mixers of small and high capacity, connected by nozzles, the outlet pipe of the mixer of high productivity feeds the material into the tracking section, and the mixers are equipped with antioxidant input devices mounted on the outside of the drying chamber, new is that the drying section material in a fluidized bed is located above the tracking section in a vertical plane, while in the fluid drying section of the fluidized bed a fixed gas distribution grid is fixed at an angle; after the drying section of the material in the fluidized bed and before the two-stage mixing section of the material with the antioxidant, a hopper is installed, connected by two outlet pipes to the inlet pipes of small and high-capacity mixers, and a horizontal movable shutter in the form of a frame is provided above the hopper outlet pipes, the internal area which is covered by a flat sheet so that the movement of the shutter from one extreme position to another allows you to adjust the flow of material from fluidized-bed material drying sections in a high-capacity mixer from 50 to 100% of the total amount of material sent to the two-stage mixing section; gas supply ducts are equipped with control flaps for supplying warm and cold air, respectively, to the fluidized-bed material drying section and the tracking section.

The technical result of the invention is to intensify the process of obtaining the finished product, increase the operational reliability of the dryer and reduce the occupied production area.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a dryer for drying bulk materials, and FIG. 2 - hopper with a shutter in its extreme positions.

The dryer contains a drying chamber 1 with a loading nozzle 2, equipped with a loading device 3, made in the form of a lock gate. The drying chamber 1 consists of a section for drying the material 4, in which a fluidized-bed drying process takes place, two-stage mixing sections of the material with antioxidant 5, and material tracking sections 6 located in a vertical plane. The material drying section 4 and the material tracking section 6 contain gas supply ducts 7 and 8, equipped with control flaps 9, 10 for supplying warm and cold air, respectively, to the material drying section in the fluidized bed 4 and the tracking section 6.

The section for drying the material in the fluidized bed 4 is equipped with a fixed gas distribution grill 11 mounted obliquely with respect to the axis 12.

After the drying section of the material in the fluidized bed 4 and before the two-stage mixing section 5, a hopper 13 is installed, equipped with a horizontal movable shutter 14, made in the form of a frame 15, the inner area of which is covered by a flat sheet 16 (Fig. 2). The hopper 13 is connected by two outlet pipes 17, 18 with the inlet pipes 19, 20 of the small faucets 21 and large 22 performance section of the two-stage mixing 5.

Mixers of small capacity 21 and large 22 are equipped with outlet pipes 23, 24 arranged in such a way that the output pipe of the mixer of small capacity 23 is connected to the inlet of the mixer of high capacity 20, and the output pipe 24 of the mixer of high capacity delivers material to the tracking section 6. Mixers 21 and 22 are equipped with devices for inputting antioxidant 25 and 26, made in the form of lock gates and fixed on the outside of the drying chamber 1.

The material tracking section 6 is equipped with a fixed horizontal gas distribution grill 27 installed at an angle relative to the axis 28 exceeding the angle of repose of the material.

Unloading of finished material from the tracking section 6 is carried out through the pipe 29 with the device 30, made in the form of a lock gate.

The exhaust of warm and cold air from sections 4, 6 is carried out through nozzles 31, 32, and the entire design of the dryer is installed on the bed 33.

A dryer for bulk materials is as follows.

Wet material through the loading pipe 2 and the loading device 3 enters the stationary inclined gas distribution grid 11 of the drying section of the material 4.

Further, the material is dried in a fluidized bed with warm air supplied through a gas supply duct 7, the flow rate of which is regulated by means of a shutter 9. The angle of inclination of the grate 11 and the flow rate of warm air are selected depending on the type of material to be dried and its initial humidity so that drying occurs in continuous operation with minimal entrainment of material particles with waste heat carrier.

From the drying section 4, the material dried to the required moisture enters the hopper 13, equipped with a shutter 14, the movement of which from one extreme position to the other (Fig. 2) allows you to control the flow of material from the drying section 4 to the mixer 22 with a high capacity from 50 to 100% of the total amount of material sent to the two-stage mixing section 5.

In order to prevent oxidation processes in the material that adversely affect its quality, an antioxidant is introduced through devices 25, 26, mounted on the outside of the drying chamber 1. The ratio of the amount of antioxidant introduced into the mixers 21, 22 is directly proportional to the position of the shutter 14, which divides the area of the hopper over the outlet pipes 17, 18 in the required proportion. The introduction of the antioxidant in two doses ensures the uniformity of its distribution over the volume of the material.

A smaller amount of material and antioxidant is fed into a low-capacity mixer 21. At the end of mixing, a smaller part of the material enriched with antioxidant through the outlet pipe 23 enters the inlet pipe 20 of the high-capacity mixer 22, from where together with the remaining large amount (from 50% to 100%) of the material into the mixer with high capacity 22. At the end of mixing, the material, brought to the maximum possible uniformity, is fed through the outlet pipe 24 of the mixer large produces lnosti section 22 otlezhki material 6. And the outlet 24 is angled so that its exit port was located at the beginning and the middle stationary inclined gas distribution grid 27.

Cold air is supplied to the material tracking section 6 through the gas supply duct 8, the flow rate of which is controlled by the damper 10. The angle of inclination of the grill 27 and the flow rate of cold air are selected depending on the type of material and antioxidant, as well as on the humidity of the mixture obtained in the two-stage section mixing with antioxidant 5. The curing process is carried out continuously to the required temperature and humidity of the material. The dried and cooled material is removed from the dryer through the material discharge pipe 29, equipped with a discharge device 30, made in the form of a lock gate.

Depending on the type of material being processed and the antioxidant used, the sections for drying the material, mixing and curing can be repeated so many times as to achieve the highest quality of the finished material and the highest efficiency of the processing process.

Thus, the proposed dryer for bulk materials allows you to:

- intensify the process of obtaining the finished product,

- increase the operational reliability of the dryer,

- improve the quality of the finished product and the efficiency of the drying process,

- carry out drying and curing of the material in a continuous mode,

- rational use of production facilities.

Claims (1)

A dryer for bulk materials, containing a drying chamber made in the form of sections for drying material in a fluidized bed and bedding, including gas supply boxes with gas distribution grids located above them, waste heat transfer pipes and material loading and unloading pipes with devices made in the form of locks, and the tracking section is equipped with a fixed gas distribution grill installed at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the material, while after the drying section In the fluidized bed series, a two-stage mixing section of the material with the antioxidant is provided with successively installed small and high-capacity mixers connected by nozzles, the output of the high-performance mixer supplying material to the tracking section, and the mixers are equipped with antioxidant input devices mounted on the outside of the drying chamber characterized in that the section for drying the fluidized bed material is located above the tracking section in a vertical plane at the same time, a fixed gas distribution grid is fixed at an angle to the drying section of the material in the fluidized bed, after the drying section of the material in the fluidized bed and before the two-stage mixing section of the material with the antioxidant, a hopper is connected, connected by two outlet pipes to the inlet pipes of small and high-capacity mixers, moreover a flap movable in the horizontal plane is provided above the outlet nozzles of the hopper, made in the form of a frame, the inner area of which is covered by a flat sheet t Thus, moving the shutter from one extreme position to another allows you to control the flow of material from the fluidized-bed drying section to the high-capacity mixer from 50 to 100% of the total amount of material sent to the two-stage mixing section, the gas supply ducts are equipped with control flaps for feeding warm and cold air, respectively, into the section for drying the material in a fluidized bed and the section of tracking.

Images