RU2613134C2 - Non-motorised vehicle driven by human muscular force, using reversed principle of body work in rowing, to be used as light vehicle, for tourism and sport - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, sport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to non-motorised vehicle driven by human muscular force. Non-motorised vehicle consists of frame with light body, two driving wheels, steering and breaking devices. Non-motorised vehicle uses not direct but reverse principle of body work in rowing, where hands are constantly placed on grips of handlebar which simultaneously serves as axial support for hands, and force of legs is transmitted to chain drive directly from carriage with foot rests. Stirrups or stirrups belts serve for returning drive into the initial position due to overrunning clutches of wheels. Power stroke increases due to rocker seat with upper parallel suspension, providing convenience, distribution of loads and safety in operation, and initial adjustable stop. Rocking handlebar grips bring breaking system into action, toggle switches bringing electrical equipment into action, with rider's hands being on handlebar grips all the time.

EFFECT: invention provides effective use of human muscular energy and increased safety.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of trackless land vehicles powered by human muscle power

оборота (холостой ход для каждой ноги

оборота). Да и всего при езде на велосипеде используется порядка четверти мышц тела человека. В предлагаемом изобретении используется только элементная база, характерная для веломобилей (легкая трубчатая рама, стандартные велосипедные детали, а именно колеса, тормоза, цепи).Numerous bicycle designs are known from the prior art, for example A.A. Mikhailova, RF patent 2410279, BC Beloenko patents №№РФ 229982, RF 2434777. In cycle cars (and bicycles), the pedal drive has obviously low efficiency, since the maximum force transmitted by the foot to the pedal is less than half the weight of the cyclist and acts only on the front plot about

turnover (idle for each leg

turnover). And all in all when riding a bicycle, about a quarter of the muscles of the human body are used. In the present invention, only the elemental base used for cycle cars is used (light tubular frame, standard bicycle parts, namely wheels, brakes, chains).

From the prior art, the most efficient use of up to 95% of the muscles of the human body is achieved in rowing. The first documented use of the principle of rowing with the movement of the rower’s body (over a greased jar) dates back to 1715 (Thomas Dodget’s race in the UK), a movable jar appeared in 1857, and the design of the rowing boat was regulated in 1892 when the International Federation of FISA Rowing (see http://www.worldrowing.com - the official FISA site).

Many attempts are known to realize the principle of operation in rowing for land vehicles. Known commercially available two-wheeled and three-wheeled structures "Rowbike" (USA) (see http://www.rowbike.com), "Vogabike" (Italy) (see http://www.vogabike.com ), with movable and motionless seats. Also known is "Bicycle with the movement of rowing" design S.N. Lukyanova, patent RU 2402451 C2, with a fixed seat, a rocking steering wheel and a carriage with stops for legs and a returnable rubber cord. Fixed seat models have a shorter travel compared to models with a movable seat. Closest to the claimed is the three-wheeled model "Vogabike III" with a movable seat.

Existing designs are not widely used for the following reasons:

1. Very low security, in particular:

- Instability. Two-wheeled models are unstable at low speeds (like bicycles), but there it is difficult to even insure yourself with your foot as a cyclist because of the less comfortable position of the body. Three-wheeled models are more stable, but only when moving in a straight line. When cornering, they tend to tip over, so you have to drastically slow down.

- Poor handling. Since the steering wheel is used for traction by hands, control is carried out either by feet or by using a complex rotary structure on the steering wheel.

- Difficulty orienteering while riding. The athlete’s head moves approximately 700 mm during riding for structures with a fixed seat and about 1400 mm for structures with a movable seat, which makes it difficult to correctly assess the road situation, own position and speed.

- Delay emergency braking. For braking, you need to rearrange the fingers from the working position to the brake handles, which is wasting precious time.

- The highest danger exists when a frontal impact or collision with an obstacle. The athlete hits the control column with the inguinal region, strikes the steering wheel with his chest and falls onto the road.

Safety flaws allow the use of such devices only for training on specially equipped tracks, but not on public roads. It is also impossible to race on such devices because of the great danger to riders.

2. Ability to use only in dry, comfortable weather. The construction around the closed cocoon structure further reduces safety. This does not allow using the device for tourism in everyday life.

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages and create suitable for mass production and consumption of the design with the principle of action, which is characterized by simplicity, a wide range of applications while maintaining not less than in the closest analogues "Rowbike" and "Vogabike", the efficiency of use of human muscle energy with convenience, a high degree of safety for humans, the ability to use conventional components manufactured by the industry for serial bicycles.

This goal is achieved as follows.

Firstly, by using not the “direct” principle of work in rowing, but the “reversed” version. With rowing and in the indicated analogues, the feet are motionless, and hands move with oars, levers or the wheel. In the proposed reversed version (see Fig. 1), the hands, on the contrary, compress the handlebars of the steering wheel fixed in the longitudinal plane. Note that the hands are in a natural, vertical position, and not in an unnatural, rotated 90 °, as in rowing or analogs. At the same time, without lifting your fingers, without intercepting, you can rotate the steering wheel and steering wheel due to the natural rotation of the brushes towards the center, carry out the brakes, and also use your thumbs to turn on the possible electrical equipment (headlight, turn lights, side lights, sound signal), ensuring safety street traffic. The muscles in the working cycle work the same as during rowing: first (from the moment of stop) the legs turn on, then, after straightening the legs, the back, buttocks and arms are turned on (the body is unbent, and the arms are bent). At the same time, the head remains in place all the time, which facilitates orientation during the trip. All the power of the working stroke is transmitted to the legs resting on the foot stops fixed on the carriage, to which one chain or two chains are attached. This effort can reach 3-5 kN (300-500 kgf) for trained athletes. The movement continues coasting due to overrunning clutch wheels. The return to the starting position is carried out by other muscle groups (extensors of the arms, flexors of the legs, abdominal muscles) easily due to the free running of the overrunning clutch of the wheels, the carriage is returned by the legs for the stirrup belts on the stops.

Secondly, chains (chains) are attached directly to the carriage, the force from the carriage is directed strictly along the chain, there are no intermediate parts, which means that losses are limited only by friction losses in the chain on the drive sprocket.

Thirdly, instead of a movable seat moving along the guides, a seat with an upper suspension is used, which provides free almost horizontal necessary movement of the order of half a meter (depends on the person’s height). Due to the upper suspension is achieved:

- the best distribution of effort (human weight) throughout the frame structure, which makes it easier;

- Due to the length of the suspension, the ideal position of the body relative to the legs is regulated.

- when turning due to the upper suspension, a greater clamping force falls on the inner wheel, and not on the outer one, like most wheeled vehicles, which automatically prevents tipping;

- with a frontal impact, a person’s body does not go up, but forward and down, forward legs, with instinctive inhibition and tension of the muscles of the arms and legs, extinguishing energy;

- the seat can be made soft and comfortable, for tourist use it can be lifted up, under an awning, then free space of about 2.0 × 0.7 m is formed on the floor, where an air mattress is placed and a full-fledged sleeping place is obtained, comparable in comfort to a shelf in the train compartment.

These design features are confirmed during the testing of the prototype.

Other applications of the reversed principle of rowing.

The applied “reversed” principle (with various design solutions), in addition to the puller, can be used to drive other vehicles, such as light railcars, light water or underwater projectiles, and ultralight muscular traction aircraft.

The attached graphic materials:

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the "puller";

In FIG. 2 - design diagram;

In FIG. 3 - the proposed appearance of the tourist puller;

In FIG. 4 is a photograph of an existing prototype.

The design of the vehicle (see Fig. 2), conventionally called the "puller cycle" or simply "puller", is a carrier frame 1 to which the rear drive wheels 2 and the front steering wheel 3 are attached. The wheels are driven by two standard or one reinforced chain 4. Chain 4 is attached directly to the carriage 5 with stops 6. Chain 4 is tensioned between the drive sprocket of the wheel 2 (rear axle) and the tension sprocket 7. To save, the part of chain 4 (about half) that does not pass when working along the drive sprocket, can be replaced by a flexible cable and if there is a V-belt, then instead of a tension sprocket, a tension pulley is used. The direction of movement of the carriage provides a guide 8 attached to the frame 1.

On the carriage 5 there are two swinging stops 6 with stirrup belts 9 (or adjustable stirrups). Sitting down in the puller, the rider inserts his legs into the stirrup belts 9 and rests his feet against the stops 6. During the working stroke, the foot presses the emphasis 6, while idling - it pulls the carriage 5 back by the stirrup belt 9. The standard bicycle overrun clutch 2 provides chain return.

A swing seat with a parallel suspension 10 is attached to the frame 1 in the upper part, which maintains horizontalness when swinging. At the starting point of the cycle, the seat abuts against a special emphasis 11, which is adjustable in height of the rider, allowing full use of the strength of the extensor muscles of the legs until they are fully extended.

Motion control is carried out using the steering wheel 12, which has two handles swinging in the transverse plane 13. Turning the handles 13 to the central axis of the puller, the rider pulls the brake cables 14 (standard). In addition, at the ends of the handles 13 you can place the toggle switches, including electrical equipment (headlight, turning lights, side lights, an audible signal, for example, from a scooter). The steering wheel 12 rotates around its axis, while in any position the work of the body can continue with the inclination of the human body. The movement along the axis is prevented by the support 15, which perceives and transfers to the frame 1 both a large axial force of the working stroke and a small reverse idle force. A standard bicycle steering wheel 3 is rotated through the steering shaft 16 and the steering mechanism 17. The mechanism is returned to the neutral position as in a bicycle automatically due to the standard tilt of the steering axis 3.

The tourist puller has a closed case of lightweight panels attached to the frame 1, in the back there is a luggage compartment 18, in which when installing the seat you can also transport a passenger, a child, an animal. A light windshield 19 and two side windows 20 are installed in front of the rider. In case of bad weather, the working and cargo space is closed by the awning 21. For landing, loading, disembarking and unloading, the awning 21 naturally reclines. The bottom and lining of the housing may have hatches for ventilation, cleaning, etc. For trips around the city, the puller should be equipped with a small battery and electrical equipment 22 (headlight, side, turning lights, brake lights, horn), 23 rear-view mirrors for full participation in traffic. Racing pullers may not have glasses 19 and 20, awning 21, electrical equipment 22.

Claims (1)

Non-motorized vehicle based on muscular strength of a person, consisting of a frame (1) with a light body, two driving wheels (2), steering and braking devices, characterized in that it uses not the direct, but the inverted principle of the body during academic rowing, where the hands are constantly located on the handles (13) of the steering wheel (12) which simultaneously serves as an axial support for the hands, and the force of the legs is transmitted to the chain drive (4) directly from the carriage (5) with the stops for the legs (6), and stirrups or stirrups (9) serve to return the drive due to overrunning clutches to oles (2) in the initial position, in addition, the working stroke is increased due to the swivel seat (10) with the upper parallel suspension, which provides convenience, load distribution and safety during operation, and the initial adjustable stop (11), swinging handles (13) of the steering wheel (12) drive the braking system, and toggle switches - electrical equipment, and the rider’s hands are on the handles all the time (13), and the layout of the device allows it to be used not only for sports, but also for domestic transportation and multi-day tourism providing a comfortable berth.

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