RU2612318C1 - Opener for subsoil broadcast seeding of crop seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery industry. The opener for subsoil broadcast seeding of crop seeds comprises a hoe blade and a drill tube attached to the rack. A lower part of a spinning wheel is attached to the latter by means of a bolt. A seed deflector is rigidly connected to the lower part of a spinning wheel. The seed deflector is made in the form of a hollow hemisphere with its apex facing downwards, and is mounted under the drill tube coaxially to the latter. In the seed deflector housing there is a rectangular window at the side directed counter the opener direction of travel along an arc of circumference of the hemisphere base with a central angle within 90° to 180°. The lower window edge is parallel to the plane of the hemisphere base. The upper edge coincides with the lower edge of the drill tube.

EFFECT: invention enhances the uniformity of the subsoil distribution of seeds.

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Description

The claimed invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to the opener of the seeder for subsoil scatter sowing of seeds of agricultural crops.

Known opener [1], containing a closed-type cultivating paw and seed tube, mounted on a rack, as well as a reflector and seed distributor. In addition, the coulter is equipped with a soil smoother with a pad fixed in the sublap space. The soil smoother is made in the form of a horizontal wedge-shaped plate with the front part cut off and bent upwards, to which a rectangular-shaped pad is rigidly attached.

The disadvantages of the known coulter are the unevenness of the subsoil distribution of seeds along the width of the sublap space and the complexity of the design.

The objective of the invention is to increase the uniformity of the subsoil distribution of seeds.

The objective of the invention is solved by the following set of essential features of the proposed device.

The proposed opener, as well as the known one, contains a cultivating paw and a seed tube fixed on a rack, a sub-valve attached to the latter by means of a bolt, a seed reflector rigidly connected to the sub-valve.

In contrast to the known opener in the proposed opener, the seed reflector is made in the form of a hollow hemisphere facing downward and is installed under the vas deferens coaxially to the last, while in the case of the seed reflector from the side opposite to the direction of movement of the opener along an arc of a hemisphere base circle with a central angle, ranging from 90 ° to 180 °, a window is made, the lower edge of which is parallel to the plane of the hemisphere base, and the upper edge coincides with the lower edge of the vas deferens.

In a private embodiment, a rectangular window is made in the reflector case with a height ranging from 3 to 6 mm, while the seed reflector can be made of polyamide.

This set of features of the proposed device leads to a uniform seed yield through the window of the seed reflector, which helps to increase the uniformity of the subsoil distribution of seeds.

The signs of the proposed device and the resulting technical result have the following causal relationship.

Similar to the known device features of the proposed opener determine the preparation of the seedbed due to the cultivator paws.

And the distinctive features of the device in combination with similar features are in the following cause-effect relationship.

Seeds are fed by the seeder. Under the influence of the air flow, they pass through the vas deferens and enter the cavity of the seed reflector, from where, being reflected from the spherical surface of the latter, they are entrained through the window into the sublap space of the cultivator leg radially to the seed reflector, thereby increasing the uniformity of the subsoil distribution of seeds.

Thus, the features of the proposed opener are essential, and the resulting technical result solves the problem of the invention.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a coulter in longitudinal section.

In FIG. 2 shows a sub-fader with a seed reflector.

In FIG. 3 is a plan view of a sub-baffle with a seed reflector.

The coulter is arranged as follows.

The coulter contains a closed cultivator paw 1, which is bolted 6 with a washer 7 to the column 2. The seed tube 3 is rigidly connected to the column 2. In the sublap space of the coulter, a valve 5 is mounted, which is fixed by a bolt 6 with the washer 7 to the column 2 with the cultivator paw 1. The seed reflector 4 is also installed in the sublap space and is rigidly connected to the sub-lap 5 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). The seed reflector 4, made in the form of a hollow hemisphere, with its vertex facing down, is fixed coaxially under the seed tube 3. In the housing of the reflector 4, from the side opposite the direction of movement of the coulter, along the arc of the base hemisphere with a central angle α = 90 ... 180 ° (Fig. 3) a rectangular window 8 is made with a height of h = 3 ... 6 mm (Fig. 2). In this case, the lower edge of the window 8 is parallel to the plane of the hemisphere base, and the upper edge coincides with the lower edge of the vas deferens 3.

The coulter in the pneumatic seeder-cultivator works as follows.

During operation, the coulter moves in the soil at the required sowing depth. By cultivating paw 1, he cuts the soil layer, opens the furrow and creates an even sowing bed. Seeds supplied by the seeder sowing apparatus are mixed with the air stream and transported through the seed tube 3 to the cavity of the seed reflector 4, from where, reflected from the spherical surface of the latter, they are carried through the rectangular window 8 into the sub-silo space radially to the seed reflector 4.

Seeds are filled up with loosened soil layers descending from the wings of the cultivating paw 1. Behind the coulter, the soil covering the strip sown by it is leveled by other working bodies of the seeder.

Using the proposed opener allows you to improve the quality of the subsoil distribution of seeds.

Information sources

1. Patent RU 2411711, C1 IPC A01C 7/20. Soshnik for subsoil spread sowing of seeds of agricultural crops / N. Struzhkin, N. N. Igoshin, B. A. Konev, S. V. Kozyukov Stated September 28, 2009, publ. 02/20/2011. Bull. No. 5 (prototype).

Claims (3)

1. A coulter for a subsoil scattering sowing of seeds of agricultural crops, comprising a cultivating paw and seed tube fixed to the rack, a bolt attached to the latter by means of a bolt, a seed reflector rigidly connected to the base, characterized in that the seed reflector is made in the form of a hollow hemisphere facing top down, and installed under the vas deferens coaxially with the latter, while in the case of the seed reflector from the side directed against the direction of motion of the coulter, along the arc of the circumference of the base of the hemisphere with cent A window with a right angle ranging from 90 ° to 180 ° is made, the lower edge of which is parallel to the plane of the hemisphere base, and the upper edge coincides with the lower edge of the vas deferens. 2. The opener according to claim 1, characterized in that a rectangular window with a height ranging from 3 to 6 mm is made in the housing of the seed reflector. 3. The opener according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed reflector is made of polyamide.

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