RU2612276C1 - Method and hf system for packet data exchange - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: method is implemented by adding the following operations: bypass of a failed segment of a terrestrial communications subsystem using "ground-to-ground" broadcast via HF radio channel from the available RF ground station nearest to the location of failure of terrestrial communication subsystem via HF "ground-to-ground" radio channels to another available RF ground station, located on the other side of the failed section, duplication of planning communication functions and dynamic control of communication resources of HF packet data exchange system control center in the leading zonal HF ground stations. To send urgent information using HF "air-to-ground" broadcast radio channels from all ground stations available for the selected HF board station, also for relaying the urgent information the respective HF ground stations and "ground-to-ground" radio channels , as well as available RF-board station and respective "air-to-air" radio channels.

EFFECT: system functionality expansion.

4 cl, 6 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to automatic adaptive packet radio communication high-frequency (HF) range.

A known method of RF radio communication using HFDL technology (High Frequency Data Link), based on the ARINC 635 specification [1], ARINC 753 specifications [2], ARINC 634 guidelines [3], RTCA standards DO-265, DO-277 [4 , 5] (ARINC 635) optimizes in terms of communication reliability, spectral and economic efficiency, the Air-to-Earth packet communication system, in which a large number of aircraft (up to 2500) are served by a small number of frequency channels (up to 48-60) and ground stations ( up to 16) in multiple access mode with time and frequency separation. The method of data exchange in the HFDL system is described in detail in [1, 6]. HFDL defines both channel compilation procedures with auto-selection of the operating frequency, and all other automatic communication procedures at all levels (physical, channel and subnet) with multi-parameter adaptation of the radio line in frequency, transmission speed, types of modulation and coding, as well as spatial diversity of terrestrial stations guaranteeing reliability (residual probability of error) not worse than 10 ^-6 . The HFDL system uses the same set of frequencies for channelization and communication. High spectral efficiency of the system is achieved through the use of the combined protocol of multiple access to the channel with frequency (FDMA) and time (TDMA) separation. The frequency separation protocol is ensured by the fact that different frequency channels (from two to six) are assigned to different HF ground stations (HF NS). The TDMA protocol is ensured by the fact that the usage time of each frequency channel is divided into 32-second frames, and each frame is divided into 13 temporary access slots with a duration of 2.461538 s, equal to the transmission time of one data packet of 2.343888 s plus 117.65 ms per propagation delay time uncertainty and desynchronism in a radio link. At all HF frequencies, ground stations periodically (in the first slot of each frame) emit marker signals, the quality of which is estimated by airplanes when choosing a communication frequency. The aircraft selects for communication any channel whose marker signal quality is acceptable or best, is registered on this channel at the ground station and communicates on it until the channel quality meets the required level. Multiple aircraft can choose one communication channel and register on it. Each HFDL HF channel of the system is used by all aircraft registered on it in time division multiple access mode. The TDMA protocol is controlled by the HF ground station by transmitting slot assignment signals reserved on-board requests, random access slots and slots for transmitting from the ground in the signals. The HF ground station predicts the system characteristics (packet transmission delay) on each of its frequency channels and sets the channel busy flag in the marker when a critical number of aircraft registered on the channel to stop new correspondents from accessing it and guarantee the specified system characteristics (packet transmission delay not more than acceptable). The simplicity of predicting system characteristics in the HFDL system is largely determined by the fact that all messages in the system (ringing and communication) have the same standard duration equal to a slot and are transmitted using a single TDMA protocol on a common set of frequencies. Depending on the quality of the channel and the amount of transmitted data, the optimal type of multi-position phase manipulation and coding is selected in the message. At the same time, the user data transfer rate changes, but the message duration and the symbol rate of 1800 baud provided by the single-modem do not change.

The equipment of the HFDL HFDL RF packet data exchange system, which provides communication between long-range airplanes and air traffic control (ATC) and air traffic control (UAL) control centers for air traffic safety, is described in detail in [1-6].

The block diagram of the HFDL RF packet data exchange system consists of:

- HF airborne station (HF BS);

- HF ground station (HF NS);

- control center (CC) RF data exchange system;

- air traffic control and air traffic control center (ATC and UAL);

- subsystems of ground communications;

- HF NS interface with the ground communication subsystem;

- the interface of the control center with the ground communication subsystem;

- the interface of the air traffic control and UAE points with the ground communication subsystem;

- HF radio channel "Air-Earth" between the HF NS and HF BS.

Users of the HFDL system are air traffic control and airborne control centers on the ground and avionics on board an aircraft connected to the HF airborne station via the airborne router.

The HF airborne station includes:

- HFDL airborne transceiver;

- airborne antenna matching device (ACS);

- onboard HF antenna;

- control panel of the transceiver (PU);

- onboard router (BM);

- RF control device for data exchange;

- RF transceiver according to ARINC 719.

The RF airborne station is connected to the airborne router (BM) (a communication management unit that complies with ARINC 724 or 758 specifications), which sends (receives) packet messages to airborne sources / receivers of information (avionics) such as a multifunction control panel, display, printer, computer, maintenance systems, airborne navigation systems, electronic indication and alarm systems, navigation systems, etc. The on-board router is connected not only with the HF on-board station, but also with the on-board stations of other frequency ranges.

The HF ground station HF packet data exchange system HFDL [7, 8] includes:

- HF radio transmitter;

- RF transmitting antenna;

- HF radio "Air-to-Earth";

- HF receiving antenna;

- RF modulator of a single-tone signal of multi-position phase shift keying;

- Air-to-Earth RF demodulator of a single-tone signal of multiposition phase manipulation;

- HF ground station controller;

- receiver of signals of uniform time;

- an interface device with a terrestrial communication network;

- a receiving antenna of signals of uniform time.

The HF ground station HF HFDL packet data exchange system includes:

- N RF transmitters associated with N transmitting RF antennas, an RF ground station controller, and N RF modulators;

- N RF Air-to-Earth receivers associated with a common RF receiving antenna, an RF ground station controller and N RF Air-to-Earth demodulators;

- N HF modulators associated with N HF transmitters and an HF ground station controller;

- N RF Air-to-Earth demodulators associated with N Air-to-Earth RF receivers and an RF ground station controller;

- an HF ground station controller associated with N RF Air-to-Earth receivers, N RF transmitters, N RF modulators, N Air-to-Earth RF demodulators, a single-time signal receiver, an interface device with a terrestrial communication network;

- an interface device with a terrestrial communication network connected to the HF NS controller on the one hand and, on the other hand, to a terrestrial communication network through an interface;

- a receiver of signals of a single time associated with the controller of the HF NS and with a receiving antenna of signals of a single time;

- a public RF receiving antenna connected to Air-to-Earth RF receivers;

- a receiving antenna of a single-time signal receiver connected to a single-time signal receiver;

- N transmitting RF antennas connected to N RF transmitters.

The structure of the ground communication subsystem used by the HFDL RF packet data exchange system recommended by the Aeronautical Mobile Communications Committee (AMSR) [5] includes:

- HF ground station (HF NS);

- the control center (CC) of the HFDL packet data exchange system;

- ATC and UAE control centers (ground users of the HFDL packet data exchange system);

- HF NS interface with the ground subsystem;

- HFDL control center interface with ground communication subsystem;

- The interface of air traffic control units and the airline with the ground communication subsystem;

- regional routers of a landline network;

- The interface between regional routers.

The terrestrial communications subsystem used by the HFDL HF packet data exchange system contains regional routers, interconnected by interfaces, with HF NS interfaces, with CC interfaces, with control centers interfaces.

The HFDL RF packet data exchange system provides a method for exchanging data packets between on-board users of the said system (on-board electronic equipment) connected to the HF airborne station via the on-board router and ground users of the HFDL RF packet data exchange system (air traffic control and UAD control centers), as well as the center controlling the RF packet data exchange system as follows.

To ensure a given level of communication reliability in the area of responsibility of each HF ground station from the general list of HF frequencies (48-60 OBP channels) allocated to the HFDL system, a control center for the HF data exchange system is assigned for each HF ground station for each time interval of a day of duration 1-2 hours a set of 2-6 active frequencies, optimal according to the conditions of propagation of radio waves and electromagnetic compatibility, bring the assigned set of frequencies along with the time interval of its activation to each RF ground station the subsystem of terrestrial communication, thus realizing the frequency-division multiple access protocol, breaks down the time of use of each frequency channel into time frames of 32 s duration, and each frame is divided into 13 time slots of 2.461538 s duration to implement the channel multiple access protocol time division multiplexed (TDMA).

At the end of each frame at each RF ground station, for each slot of the next frame, this slot is assigned to be used for transmission from the ground or for transmission from a specific board upon its preliminary request for an access slot, or for transmissions from any side in random access mode.

Marker signals are emitted from each HF ground station at all active frequencies in the first slot of each frame, which contain the destination for each slot in the current frame, as well as receipts for messages received from the HF BS in the previous two frames.

At each HF airborne station, the best communication frequency (HF radio channel "Air-Earth") is selected based on the results of assessing the quality of reception of marker signals.

Each HF airborne station is registered on the HF channel selected by it on the HF ground station corresponding to this channel, packet data is exchanged in TDMA mode via the Air-to-HF radio channel between the HF ground station and the HF airborne station that is registered with it, until , while the quality of the HF radio channel "Air-Earth" exceeds the permissible level. If the quality of the RF radio channel deteriorates below an acceptable level, a new RF radio channel is selected for the on-board station and it is registered on the newly selected RF radio channel. Packet data is exchanged through the ground-based communication network between the HF ground stations and the control center of the HF communication system, as well as by users of the communication system — air traffic control and UAL control centers.

In the process of exchanging packet data, a packet message for the air traffic controller or UAV dispatcher containing the address of the recipient — the air traffic controller or UAV dispatch point, as well as the sender address (ICAO board address), is formed in the on-board communication control unit (on-board router), transmitted to the HF airborne station, where it is packaged in a packet designed for transmission over an HF radio channel, then it is transmitted over an HF radio channel to an HF ground station at which the HF airborne station is registered, where it is packaged in a package intended for transmission over Istemi terrestrial communications, and transmitted via the interface to the subsystem ground communications, where the interface is transmitted to the control room or Wal ATC.

A burst message for the control unit containing the address of the recipient — the control unit, as well as the address of the sender (ICAO board address), is formed in the HF on-board station, where it is packaged in a package designed for transmission via the HF radio channel, transmitted via the HF radio channel to the HF ground station, to of which the HF airborne station is registered, where it is packaged in a package intended for transmission via the ground communication subsystem, transmitted through the interface to the ground communication subsystem, from where it is transmitted through the interface to the control center.

In the opposite direction, a packet message from the air traffic control center or UAL control center containing the address of the receiver - (ICAO board address), as well as the address of the sender - air traffic control center or UAL control center, form at the air traffic control center or UAL control center, transmit it via the interface) to the ground communication subsystem from where the packet is transmitted through the interface to the HF ground station where the HF airborne station is registered, the addressee, where it is packaged in a package intended for transmission via the HF radio channel, and then transmitted via the HF radio channel to the HF airborne st station - to the addressee.

A batch message from the control center for the board containing the address of the receiver - (ICAO board address), as well as the sender address - the control center, is formed into the control center, transmit it through the interface to the ground subsystem, from where it is transmitted through the interface to the HF ground station at which it is registered the onboard station is the addressee, where it is packed in a package intended for transmission over the HF radio channel, and transmitted via the HF radio channel to the onboard destination.

In the event of a malfunction of the interface between the HF ground station and the ground subsystem, from this inaccessible to the land communication network HF ground station broadcast in marker signals for all HF airborne stations registered on it, on all active HF radio channels Air-to-Earth change of communication frequencies with the reason code “HF ground station malfunction”, and then the exchange of packet data through HF radio channels “Air-Earth” between the HF ground station with a faulty interface and after egistrirovannymi her HF aircraft stations.

The disadvantages of the analogue are as follows:

- in the event of a technical malfunction of the interfaces of the HF ground station with the ground communication subsystem and the control center with the ground communication subsystem, i.e. in the event of inaccessibility of the HF NS and the control center for the ground communication subsystem there is no duplication of faulty paths;

- HF airborne stations do not relay received radio signals.

There is an analogue to the method of application and technical solution based on technology and technical solutions of HFDL, which is taken as a prototype [9].

The method for exchanging packet data in the system is that marker signals are emitted from each RF ground station in the first slot of each TDMA frame of the channel access protocol at all frequencies, which are periodically assigned and activated in the control center of the RF data exchange system. To implement the FDMA protocol for access to communication channels, according to which different HF ground stations have different sets of active operating frequencies, each HF airborne station is registered on the corresponding HF ground station at the best HF communication frequency selected by the HF airborne station based on the results of its assessment of the quality of reception of marker signals . Then, between the HF ground station and the HF airborne station registered on it, packet data is exchanged until the quality of the Air-to-Earth HF channel allows. If the quality of the Air-to-Earth RF channel is deteriorating below the permissible level on the RF airborne station, a new channel is selected and registered on this channel on a new or old RF ground station. Through the ground communication subsystem, packet data is exchanged between each HF ground station and air traffic control and airline control centers, as well as the control center of the HF communication system. At each HF ground station, the best frequency for receiving messages from each other HF ground station is selected based on the results of evaluating the quality of reception of marker signals using additional Earth-to-Earth RF receivers and Earth-to-Earth demodulators of a single-tone multiposition phase-shifted signal. The audibility table is formed according to the results of choosing the best reception frequencies, which indicate the sign of their availability (inaccessibility) for the ground communication subsystem, identifiers of ground stations and the corresponding numbers of the best reception frequencies with codes of the recommended maximum allowable data rates. On each frequency channel, one slot of the channel access frame is allocated for transmitting messages in the Earth-to-Earth direction. The audibility table is transmitted simultaneously using N RF transmitters in the slots, which are allocated for transmitting messages in the Earth-to-Earth direction. Then, audibility tables from other HF ground stations are received at the preselected best reception frequencies using additional HF receivers and Earth-to-Earth demodulators of a single-tone multiposition phase shift keyed signal. The connectivity table of the Earth-Earth network, which indicates the identifiers of ground stations with signs of their availability (inaccessibility) for the ground subsystem and the corresponding numbers of the best receive and transmit frequencies with the codes of the recommended maximum allowable data rates, are formed on the basis of the received audibility tables . The connectivity table of the Earth-Earth network is used to select communication frequencies (reception and transmission) with other HF NS. The data packet received at an inaccessible HF ground station from the HF airborne station registered on it is transmitted simultaneously with the audibility table via the HF radio channel in the Earth-to-Earth slot to another available HF NS, from which it is transmitted to the air traffic control unit or the UAF or to to the control center via the ground communication subsystem. The data packet from the air traffic control center or UAF control center or from the system control center, designed for the HF airborne station, which is registered on the inaccessible HF ground station, is transmitted via the ground subsystem to the available HF NS, from which it is then transmitted via the Earth- radio frequency channel Earth ”to an inaccessible HF ground station, and from which it is then transmitted via the Air-to-Earth HF radio channel to the HF airborne station. The data packet from the control center of the HF data exchange system, addressed to an inaccessible HF ground station, is transmitted via the ground subsystem to an accessible HF ground station, from where it is transmitted via the Earth-to-Earth radio channel to an inaccessible HF ground station.

The RF packet data exchange system, which ensures the implementation of the prototype processes, contains RF airborne stations connected via Air-to-Earth RF radio channels with RF ground stations, which in turn are connected to the control center of the said system, with air traffic control and air traffic control centers through the ground subsystem. Each HF ground station contains a HF ground station controller, which is associated with N RF transmitters connected to N HF transmit antennas, as well as N Air-to-Earth N receiver connected to a common HF receive antenna, with information inputs of N modulators a single-tone multiposition phase-shifted signal connected to N RF transmitters with information outputs of N air-to-Earth demodulators of a single-tone multiposition phase-shifted signal. N Air-to-Earth demodulators are connected to N RF receivers. The HF ground station controller is also connected to a single-time signal receiver connected to a single-time signal receiving antenna and to an interface device with a ground-based subsystem. Each RF ground station contains at least one additional RF ground-to-ground communication receiver and at least one additional ground-to-ground demodulator of a single-tone multiposition phase-shift keyed signal, the output of which is connected to the additional information input of the RF ground station controller , and the input - to the output of the additional RF receiver "Earth-Earth". The information input of the additional RF-receiver “Earth-Earth” is connected to a common RF receiving antenna, and its control input is connected to the additional control output of the controller of the RF ground station.

The disadvantages of the prototype include:

- when the control center of the HF packet data exchange system or a segment of the terrestrial communication network fails, the control process of the system elements is violated, which will lead to a decrease in its efficiency and the inability to transmit information from control centers through the HF ground station of the "last" communication to the selected "important" An airplane whose crew needs urgent information;

- the use of ionospheric monitoring technology to select the best communication frequencies is not ensured;

- HF airborne stations do not provide relaying of received radio signals;

- in the HF airborne stations, the formation of accurate time signals from the output of the receiver of global navigation satellite systems is not provided;

- the system uses modulators and demodulators of a single-tone multi-position phase-shifted signal. However, there are no less effective parallel modems built on the principle of orthogonal subcarrier separation [10]. In addition, Appendix A of the MIL-STD-110C standard describes an RF data transmission system that uses 39 orthogonal tones with quadrature differential phase shift keying (QDPSK) for synchronous bit transmission in the 3 kHz frequency band. Therefore, the use of only a single-tone multi-position phase-shifted signal in the system narrows the scope of the invention.

The technical result of the invention is the expansion of the system’s functionality through the introduction of operations: bypassing a failed segment of the ground subsystem by broadcasting via the RF Earth-to-Earth radio channel from the closest to the clipping subsystem ground communication subsystem of the available RF ground station via the RF Earth-Earth radio channels »To another (or other) available (or available) HF ground station located (located) on the other side of the cliff, duplication of communication planning functions and dynamic resource management of communications the control center of the HF packet data exchange system in the leading (zonal) HF ground stations, for transmitting urgent information, they use broadcasting on Air-to-Earth HF radio channels from all HF ground stations available for the selected HF airborne station, and for relaying urgent information they are also used the corresponding HF ground stations and Earth-to-Earth radio channels, as well as the available HF airborne stations and the corresponding Air-to-Air radio channels.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of exchanging packet data in the system, which consists in the fact that from each HF ground station (LS) emit marker signals in the first slot of each frame of the TDMA channel access protocol at all frequencies, which are periodically assigned and activate in the control center (CC) the HF data exchange system for implementing the FDMA protocol for access to communication channels, according to which different HF ground stations have different sets of active operating frequencies, on the corresponding HF ground Antennas register each HF airborne station at the best HF communication frequency selected by the HF airborne station based on the results of its assessment of the quality of reception of marker signals, between the HF ground station and the HF airborne station registered on it, they exchange packet data as long as the quality of the HF channel allows “ Air-to-Earth ”, when the quality of the Air-to-Earth RF channel deteriorates below the acceptable level at the RF airborne station, select a new channel and register on this channel at the new or old RF ground station, through The ground communication system exchanges packet data between each HF ground station and air traffic control (ATC) control centers and airlines (UAL), as well as the HF packet data exchange control center, and at each HF ground station select the best frequency for receiving messages from each other The HF ground station according to the results of assessing the quality of reception of marker signals using HF receivers "Earth-to-Earth" and demodulators "Earth-to-Earth" of the radio signal, form an audibility table according to the results of the choice of of the receiving frequencies, in which they indicate a sign of their availability (inaccessibility) for the terrestrial communication subsystem, the identifiers of the ground stations and the corresponding numbers of the best reception frequencies with the codes of the recommended maximum allowable data rates, on each frequency channel allocate one slot of the channel access frame for transmission data in the Earth-to-Earth direction, transmit the audibility table simultaneously using N RF transmitters in the slots that are allocated for data transmission in the Earth-to-Earth direction, receive hearing persons from other HF ground stations at preselected best reception frequencies using HF receivers and Earth-to-Earth demodulators of a radio signal, form a connectivity table of the Earth-Earth network based on the received audibility tables, which indicate the identifiers of ground stations with signs of their availability (inaccessibility) for the subsystem of terrestrial communication and the corresponding numbers of the best reception and transmission frequencies with codes of the recommended maximum allowable data rates, the network connectivity table "Zem la-Earth ”is used to select communication frequencies (reception and transmission) with other HF NS, the data packet received at an inaccessible HF ground station from the HF airborne station registered on it is transmitted simultaneously with the audibility table via the HF radio channel in the“ Earth-Earth ”slot »To another available HF NS, from which it is transmitted to the air traffic control center or UAF control center or to the control center of the HF packet data exchange system via the ground subsystem, a data packet from the air traffic control center or HAL control center or from the control center of the HF exchange system packet data intended for the HF airborne station, which is registered on an inaccessible HF ground station, is transmitted via the ground subsystem to an available HF NS, from which it is then transmitted via the Earth-to-HF radio channel to an unavailable HF ground station, and with which then it is transmitted via the Air-to-Earth HF radio channel to the HF airborne station, the data packet from the HF data exchange control center addressed to the inaccessible HF ground station is transmitted through the ground subsystem to the available HF by me the stations from where it is transmitted via the Earth-Earth radio frequency channel to an inaccessible RF ground station, the following operations are additionally introduced: they divide the airspace into service areas, assign a leading RF ground station in each zone, and receive it from the control center via the ground communication subsystem and store information on the processes of communication planning and dynamic management of communication resources of the HF ground stations located in the corresponding zone, and when the control center of the HF communication system fails, they are controlled by by operating hours, urgent information is transmitted via the Earth-to-Air RF channels from all available HF ground stations available for the selected HF airborne station, and the corresponding HF ground stations and Earth-Earth radio channels, as well as available HF airborne stations, are used to relay urgent information , in the event of a failure of a segment of the ground communication subsystem, it is bypassed by connecting to the router of the ground communication subsystem broadcasting the relevant information on the Earth-to-Earth RF channel from the nearest to break off an accessible HF ground station via HF radio channels “Earth-Earth” to another (or other) accessible (or accessible) HF ground station located (located) on the other side of the break, based on the analysis of the state and parameters of the HF radio channel, transmit to the opposite side information on the new recommended types of modulation, codes, interleaving, scrambling, transmission speed and then using time stamps of global navigation satellite systems simultaneously on the transmission and reception sides form new Recommended types of modulation, codes, interleaving, scrambling and organize the process of data exchange.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known HF packet data exchange system containing HF airborne stations connected via HF radio channels “Air-Earth” with HF ground stations, which in turn are connected to the control center of the said system and to air traffic control centers traffic and airlines through the ground subsystem, in which each HF ground station contains a HF ground station controller that is associated with N RF transmitters connected to the N HF transmitter antennas, with N Air-to-Earth RF receivers connected to a common RF receiving antenna, is also connected to the information inputs of N radio signal modulators connected to N RF transmitters, and is connected to the information outputs of N Air-to-Earth radio signal demodulators connected to N RF receivers, in addition, the HF ground station controller is connected to a single time signal receiver connected to a receiving antenna of single time signals, and to an interface device with a ground communication subsystem, at each HF ground station, at at least one RF-receiver of communication “Earth-Earth” and at least one demodulator “Earth-Earth” of a radio signal, the output of which is connected to the information input of the controller of the RF ground station, and the input is to the output of the corresponding RF receiver “Earth-Earth” », The information input of which is connected to a common RF receiving antenna, and the control input to the corresponding control output of the RF ground station controller, in the RF airborne station, the RF transceiver is connected on one side to the antenna matching device (ACS) associated with b RF antenna, and, on the other hand, to the RF data exchange control device, which is connected to the control panel (PU) of the radio station and the on-board router (BM), additional RF airborne stations with the ability to relay messages received on the RF air channels Air Earth ”from HF ground stations and HF radio channels“ Air-Air ”- from the corresponding HF airborne stations operating in relay mode, the leading HF ground station for the corresponding zone is connected to the ground communication subsystem, and via channels “Earth-to-Earth” - to the corresponding HF ground stations, including those inaccessible from the subsystem of the terrestrial communication, and via HF radio channels “Earth-Air” - to the corresponding HF airborne stations requiring urgent information.

In the HF ground station of the HF packet data exchange system, N HF demodulators of the radio signals of relayed messages and ionospheric monitoring signals are introduced, connected on the one hand to the controller of the HF ground station, and on the other hand, through H corresponding RF receivers for receiving relay messages and ionospheric monitoring signals to the common The RF receiving antenna, and the 2H control inputs of the RF demodulators and RF receivers are connected to the corresponding control outputs of the RF ground station controller.

A receiving RF antenna connected through K parallel RF receivers to the corresponding I / O of the RF data exchange control device, a message relay device connected to the corresponding input / output of the RF data exchange control device, a signal receiver is introduced into the RF on-board station of the RF packet data exchange system a single time connected to a receiving antenna of a single time signal and to the corresponding input / output of the RF communication control device.

The structural diagram of a fragment of the claimed system is presented in FIG. 1, where the notation is introduced:

1 - HF airborne station (HF BS);

3 - control center (CC) HF packet data exchange system;

4 - air traffic control and airline control (UAL) control centers (ground users of the RF packet data exchange system);

5 - HF radio channel "Earth-Air" between the HF NS and HF BS, used for relaying messages;

6 - interface HF NS 30, 36 with subsystem 34 of ground communications;

7 - the interface of the control center 3 with the subsystem 34 of ground communications;

8 is an interface of air traffic control and airline control points 4 with the ground communication subsystem 34;

9 - HF radio channel “Earth-Air” between the HF BS and HF NS;

29 - HF radio channel "Earth-Earth" between HF NS 30, 35, 36;

30 - HF ground station (HF NS);

34 - ground communication subsystem used by the RF packet data exchange system;

35 - inaccessible (from the subsystem of ground communication) HF NS;

36 - leading HF NS in the corresponding zone;

37 - HF airborne station (HF BS), the crew of which needs urgent information;

38 - HF radio channel "Air-Air" between two HF BS, used for relaying messages.

Moreover, the HF airborne stations 1 are connected through HF radio channels 9 to HF ground stations 30, 35, 36 of the claimed HF system, interconnected via HF radio channels 29 and connected via interfaces 6 to the ground communication subsystem 34, which in turn is connected via interfaces 7 with control center 3, and through interfaces 8 with air traffic control units and UAF 4, the leading HF NS 36 is connected to the inaccessible HF NS 35 via HF radio channels Earth-Earth, and HF airborne station 37, which requires urgent information to the crew of the aircraft, connected by RF radio channel the "Air-to-air" with HF BS used to relay messages.

The block diagram of the RF ground station 30 or 35 or 36 of the inventive RF packet data exchange system is shown in FIG. 2, where indicated:

17 - HF radio transmitter;

18 - RF transmitting antenna;

19 - HF radio receiver "Air-Earth";

20 - RF receiving antenna;

21 - RF modulator of the radio signal;

22 - RF demodulator "Air-to-Earth" radio signal;

24 - receiver of signals of a single time;

25 is an interface device with a subsystem 34 of terrestrial communications;

26 - a receiving antenna of signals of uniform time;

31 - HF radio receiver "Earth-Earth";

32 - RF demodulator "Earth-Earth" of the radio signal;

33 - controller HF ground stations 30, 35, 36;

39 - HF radio receiver for receiving relay messages and ionospheric monitoring signals;

40 - RF demodulator of radio signals of relayed messages and ionospheric monitoring signals.

The HF ground station 30 or 35 or 36 of the claimed HF packet data exchange system comprises:

- N RF transmitters 17 associated with N transmitting RF antennas 18, a controller 33 of the RF ground station 30 or 35 or 36, and N RF modulators 21 of the radio signal;

- N RF receivers 19 "Air-Earth" associated with a common RF receiving antenna 20, a controller 33 HF ground station 30 or 35 or 36 and N RF demodulators 22 "Air-to-Earth" radio signal;

- N RF modulators 21 of the radio signal associated with N RF transmitters 17 and the controller 33 HF ground station 30 or 35 or 36;

- N RF demodulators 22 "Air-to-Earth" radio signals associated with N RF receivers 19 "Air-to-Earth" and the controller 33 HF ground station 30 or 35 or 36;

- N RF demodulators 40 of the radio signal coupled through N RF receivers 39 for receiving relay messages and ionospheric monitoring signals associated with a common RF receiving antenna 20 and a controller 33 of the RF ground station 30 or 35 or 36 (H = 4-64);

- at least one RF receiver 31 “Earth-Earth” associated with a common RF receiving antenna 20, the controller 33 of the RF ground station 30 or 35 or 36 and the RF demodulator 32 “Earth-Earth” of the radio signal;

- at least one RF demodulator 32 "Earth-to-Earth" radio signal associated with the RF receiver 31 "Earth-Earth" and the controller 33 HF ground station 30 or 35 or 36;

- controller 33 HF ground station 30 or 35 or 36 associated with N RF receivers 19 "Air-to-Earth", RF receiver 31 "Earth-to-Earth", N RF transmitters 17, N RF modulators 21 "Air-to-Earth" radio signal, N RF demodulators 22 “Air-to-Earth” radio signals, RF demodulators 32 “Earth-to-Earth” radio signals, receiver 24 signals of a single time, device 25 interface with the subsystem of terrestrial communication;

- an interface device 25 with a ground communication subsystem connected to a HF NS controller 33 on the one hand and, on the other hand, to a ground communication subsystem via interface 6;

- a receiver 24 of signals of a single time associated with a controller 33 of the HF NS 30 and with a receiving antenna of a signal of a single time 26;

- a receiving RF antenna 20 for general use connected to RF receivers 19 "Air-to-Earth", RF receiver 31 "Earth-to-Earth" and RF receivers 39;

- N transmitting RF antennas 18 connected to N RF transmitters 17.

The block diagram of the HF airborne station 1 is shown in FIG. 3, where indicated:

10 - airborne RF transceiver;

11 - on-board antenna matching device (ACS);

12 - onboard HF antenna;

13 - control panel RF transceiver (PU);

14 - onboard router (BM);

15 - control device RF data exchange;

16 - RF transceiver;

23 is a message relay device;

41 - onboard HF receiving antenna;

42 - To airborne RF receivers;

43 - on-board receiver of signals of a single time with a receiving antenna 44 signals of a single time.

Moreover, the on-board RF transceiver 10 consists of an RF transceiver 16 and an RF data exchange control device 15, comprising, for example, a computer, a modem and a controller for communication protocols and other nodes. When this RF transceiver 16 is connected on the one hand to the ACS 11, and on the other hand to the device 15 controls the RF data exchange. The RF communication control device 15 is connected to the RF transceiver 16, the radio control panel 13, the on-board RF receivers 42, the on-board receiver 43 of the single-time signals with the receiving antenna 44 of the single-time signals, the message relay device 23, and to the on-board router 14. The ACS 11 is connected to on the one hand to the on-board RF transceiver 16, on the other hand to the on-board RF antenna 12. The on-board router 14 sends (receives) packet messages to (from) the on-board sources / receivers of information (on-board rad ionoelectronic equipment) such as a multifunctional control and display panel, display, printer, computer, maintenance system, airborne navigation system, electronic indication and alarm system, navigation system, etc. The on-board router 14 is connected to on-board stations of other frequency ranges and aircraft equipment not shown in FIG. 3.

The block diagram 34 of the terrestrial communication subsystem used by the claimed RF packet data exchange system is shown in FIG. 4, where indicated:

1 - HF airborne station (HF BS);

3 - control center (CC) of the RF packet data exchange system;

4 - air traffic control and UAL control centers (ground users of the RF packet data exchange system);

5 - HF radio channel "Earth-Air" between the HF NS and HF BS, used for relaying messages;

6 - interface HF NS 30, 36 with a zone router 27;

7 - interface of the control center 3 with the zone router 27;

8 - interface points 4 air traffic control and airline with a zone router 27;

9 - HF radio channel “Earth-Air” between the HF BS and HF NS;

27 - zone routers;

28 - interface between zone routers;

29 - HF radio channel "Earth-Earth" between HF NS 30, 35, 36;

30 - HF ground station HF packet data exchange system;

35 - inaccessible (from the subsystem of ground communication) HF NS;

36 - leading HF NS in the corresponding zone;

37 - HF airborne station (HF BS), the crew of which needs urgent information;

38 - HF radio channel "Air-Air" between two HF BS, used for relaying messages.

In FIG. 4 shows a simplified block diagram of the zones included in the inventive system. Terrestrial communication subsystem 34 used by the RF packet data exchange system contains zone routers 27, which are interconnected by interfaces 28, and to the HF NS 30, 36 - by interfaces 6, with the control center 3 - by interfaces 7, with control rooms 4 - by interfaces 8, contains interfaces 6, 7, 8, connecting routers 27 with the HF NS 30, 36 control center 3, control centers 4 air traffic control and UAF, respectively, and contains interfaces 28 connecting zone routers 27 with each other. HF NS 30, 35, 36 exchange among themselves on HF radio channels 29 "Earth-Earth". HF NS 30, 36 communicate with each other via interfaces (channels) 28 of subsystem 34 of terrestrial communication and through routers 27. HF BS 1 communicate with HF NS 30, 35 and 36 via HF radio channels “Earth-Earth” 29. HF airborne station 37, the crew of the aircraft which needs urgent information, uses for relaying messages the RF radio channels 5 “Earth-Air” between the HF NS and HF BS 1 and HF radio channels 38 “Air-Air” between two HF BS, and for communication with HF NS 30, 35, 36 - HF radio channels 9 "Earth-Air".

Figure 5. An example of the structure of the time-division channel access frame in the inventive RF packet data exchange system.

FIG. 6 Example of a time diagram of emissions of marker signals and “3-3” packets for the network topology “each with each” of 6 high-frequency NS.

To ensure a given level of communication reliability in the area of responsibility of each HF ground station 30, 35, 36 from the general list M HF frequencies allocated for the claimed HF packet data exchange system, the control center 3 of the said system, for example, is assigned to each HF ground station 30 , 35, 36 for each time interval of a day of duration (1-2) hours for N active frequencies, optimal (from the point of view of collected statistics) according to the conditions of propagation of radio waves and electromagnetic compatibility, bring the assigned set of frequencies together the time interval of its activation to each HF ground station 30, 35, 36 through the subsystem 34 of the terrestrial communication, thus realizing the frequency division multiple access (FDMA) protocol, break down the time of use of each frequency channel into time frames, for example, 32 seconds long , and each frame is divided into 13 time slots with a duration of 2.461538 s for the implementation of the protocol of multiple access to the channel with time division (TDMA). For secrecy of the system, the frame duration and the number of slots can be changed, which should be notified to all subscribers of the system.

At the end of each frame, on each HF ground station 30, 35, 36, the access slots of the next frame are assigned for transmission in the Air-to-Earth direction or for data transmission from specific HF BS 1 at their preliminary requests from the access slots, or for transmitting messages from any HF BS 1 in random access mode.

From each HF ground station 30, 35, 36 at all active frequencies in the first slot of each frame, marker signals are emitted that contain the slot assignments of the current frame, a relay flag and other information, as well as receipts for messages received from HF BS 1 in the previous two frames.

At each HF airborne station 1, the best communication frequency with one of the HF NS 30, or 35 or 36 (HF radio channels 5 and 9 “Air-Earth”) is selected based on the results of evaluating the quality of reception of marker signals. When emergency messages are received by the RF receivers 42 using the message relay device 23, a codogram is generated in the RF communication control device 15 and, having passed the nodes 16, 11, 12 at a given frequency in the form of a radio frequency signal of the RF range, is radiated into space. In the relay mode with the corresponding HF NS 30 or 35 or 36, a radio signal is transmitted, which must be recognized by HF BS 1. Such a radio signal must be of sufficient duration to ensure that the HF receiver 42, which is currently waiting for a call, has managed to view the channel in which the radio signal is transmitted before its transmission stops.

The operation of automatic channel compilation to establish communication between the HF ground and HF airborne stations is three-stage and is performed as follows:

- the calling HF ground station refers to the called HF airborne station and transmits a relay calling frame;

- if the HF airborne station “hears” the call, it transmits a response frame addressed to the corresponding calling HF ground station;

- if the calling HF ground station receives a response, then it now “knows” that a two-way connection has been established with the called station. However, the called HF airborne station does not yet know this, therefore, the calling HF ground station transmits an acknowledgment frame with relay information addressed to the called HF airborne station.

At the HF airborne station 37, the aircraft crew of which needs urgent information, the received radio signal through the HF radio channel 38 Air-to-Air, used for relaying messages between two HF BS with a predetermined frequency, is converted to nodes 41, 42, 15 and through the onboard router 14 is supplied to airborne users not shown in the figures. With the help of device 23, the sign of relaying the message and the parameters of the radio signal to be transmitted via the HF radio channel 38 “Air-Air” to the desired HF BS 37 are determined. In one of the modes of K HF receivers 42 (K = 3-5) are used for ionospheric monitoring - determining the optimal, for example, signal-to-noise ratio, HF radio channel 5 or 9 “Air-Earth” using markers received at known time intervals emitted by HF NS 30, 35, 36 to start the registration procedure on one of them.

Each HF airborne station 1 is registered on the HF channel 5 or 9 of its choice on the HF ground station 30 or 35 or 36 corresponding to this channel, packet data is exchanged in TDMA mode via the HF radio channel 5 or 9 “Air-Earth” between the HF ground station 30 or 35 or 36 and HF airborne station 1 or 37, which is registered on it, as long as the quality of the HF radio channel 5 or 9 “Air-Earth” corresponds to an acceptable level. When a segment of the ground subsystem 34 (interfaces (channels) 28 or router 27) is disabled, it is possible to restore the system by broadcasting via the RF radio channel 29 “Earth-Earth” from the closest open circuit subsystem of the ground communication of the accessible RF ground station 30 or 36 RF radio channels 29 “Earth-Earth” to another (or other) available (or accessible) RF ground station 30 or 36 located (located) on the other side of the cliff.

If the quality of the HF radio channel 9 is lower than the acceptable level, select a new HF radio channel 5 or 9 for the HF airborne station 1 or 37 and register it on the newly selected HF radio channel 5 or 9, select the best frequency for receiving messages from each other HF ground station 30 or 35 or 36 according to the results of evaluating the quality of reception of marker signals using RF receivers 31 "Earth-to-Earth" and demodulators 32 "Earth-to-Earth" of the radio signal, form an audibility table based on the selection of the best reception frequencies, which indicate a sign of their availability (unavailability) for the terrestrial communication subsystem, the identifiers of the HF ground stations and the corresponding numbers of the best reception frequencies with codes of the recommended maximum allowable data rates.

On each frequency channel, one slot of the channel access frame is allocated for transmitting messages in the Earth-to-Earth direction, the audibility table is transmitted simultaneously using N RF transmitters in the slots that are allocated for transmitting messages in the Earth-to-Earth direction, and the audibility tables are received from other HF ground stations 30 or 35 or 36 at the preselected best reception frequencies using HF receivers 31 and demodulators 32 "Earth-to-Earth" radio signals, form a table of connectivity of the network "Earth-Earth" based on the received tables hear spine, which indicate identifiers RF ground station with the features of their availability (unavailable) for terrestrial communication subsystem and the corresponding number of the best frequency reception and transmission codes recommended maximum allowable data rates.

The connectivity table of the Earth-to-Earth network is used to select communication frequencies (reception and transmission) with other HF NS 30, 35, 36.

The data packet received at an inaccessible HF ground station 35 from the HF airborne station 1 registered on it is transmitted simultaneously with the audibility table via the HF radio channel 29 in the Earth-to-Earth slot to another available HF NS 30 or 36, from which it is transmitted to the control room 4 ATC or UAF or to the control center 3 through the subsystem 34 of ground communications.

The data packet from the air traffic control center or UAL control center 4 or from the control center 3 intended for the HF airborne station, which is registered on the inaccessible HF ground station 35, is transmitted via the ground subsystem 34 to the available HF NS 30 or 36, from which it is then transmitted via HF radio channel 29 “Earth-Earth” to an inaccessible HF ground station 36, and from which it is then transmitted via HF radio channel 5 or 9 “Air-Earth” to HF airborne station 1.

The data packet from the control center 3 of the HF data exchange system, addressed to the inaccessible HF ground station 35, is transmitted via the subsystem 34 of the ground communication to the available HF ground station 30 or 36, from where it is broadcast via the HF radio channel 29 "Earth-Earth" to the unavailable HF ground station 35, moreover, a batch message for a ground user (air traffic control or UAF dispatcher) containing the address of the recipient — air traffic control or UAF dispatch point 4, as well as the sender address (ICAO board address). In HF BS 1, a message is generated in the on-board router 14, transmitted to node 15, where it is packaged in a packet intended for transmission via HF radio channel 5 or 9, then transmitted via HF radio channel 5 or 9 to HF ground station 30 or 36, on which the HF airborne station 1 is registered, where it is packed in a package intended for transmission via the ground communication subsystem 34, and transmitted via the interface 6 to the ground communication subsystem 34, from where they are transmitted via the interface 8 to the air traffic control unit 4 or the UAL.

If in this case the HF ground station 30 or 35, or 36, on which the HF airborne station 1 is registered, is inaccessible to the subsystem 34 of the terrestrial communication, then the packet message received by it on the HF radio channel 9 is packed into a packet intended for transmission via the HF radio channel 29 "Earth -Earth ", and transmit via RF channel 29 to another RF ground station 30 or 36, available for subsystem 34 of terrestrial communication, where the message is packaged in a packet intended for transmission through subsystem 34 of terrestrial communication, transmitted via interface 6 to subsystem 34 of terrestrial communication , from where they transmit via interface 8 to the control center of the air traffic control unit or UAL 4.

A packet message for CC 3 containing the address of the recipient — CC 3, as well as the sender address (ICAO board address), is formed in the HF on-board station 1, where it is packaged in a package designed for transmission on the HF radio channel 5 or 9, transmitted via the HF radio channel 5 or 9 to the HF ground station 30 or 35, or 36, on which the HF airborne station 1 is registered, where it is packaged for transmission on the ground subsystem 34, transmitted via interface 6 to the ground subsystem 34, from where they are transmitted via the interface 7 to CC 3.

If in this case the HF ground station 35, on which the HF airborne station 1 is registered, is inaccessible to the subsystem 34 of the terrestrial communication, then the packet message received by it on the HF radio channel 5 or 9 is packed into a packet intended for transmission via HF radio channel 29 "Earth-Earth" , and transmit via RF radio channel 29 to another RF ground station 30 or 36, available for subsystem 34 of terrestrial communication, where the message is packaged in a packet intended for transmission through subsystem 34 of ground communication, transmit via interface 6, subsystem 34 of ground communication, inter dc 7 - to the CO 3.

A batch message from the air traffic control center or UAL control center containing the address of the receiver - (ICAO board address), as well as the address of the sender - air traffic control center or UAL control center 4, is formed at the air traffic control center or UAL control center 4, and it is transmitted via interface 8 to ground communication subsystem 34 from where the packet is transmitted via interface 6 to the HF ground station 30 or 36, on which the HF airborne station 1 is registered - the destination, where it is packaged in a package intended for transmission via HF radio channel 5 or 9, and transmitted via HF radio channel 5 or 9 to HF airborne st Ancy 1.

If the HF ground station 35 at which the HF airborne station 1 is registered is not accessible to the ground communication subsystem 34, then the message is broadcast by the ground communication subsystem 34 to another HF ground station 30 or 36 available for the ground communication subsystem 34, where it is packaged, intended for transmission via the HF radio channel 29 “Earth-Earth”, and transmit via the HF radio channel 29 “Earth-Earth” to the inaccessible HF NS 35, on which the HF airborne station 1 is registered, where it is packaged in a package intended for transmission via the HF radio channel 5 or 9, and transmit via the HF radio channel 5 or 9 to the corresponding HF airborne station 1.

A batch message from CC 3 for HF BS 1, containing the recipient address - (ICAO board address), as well as the sender address - CC 3, are formed in CC 3, transmit it through interface 7 to subsystem 34 of the terrestrial communication, from where it is transmitted via interface 6 to the HF ground station 30 or 36, on which the HF airborne station 1 is registered, the destination, where it is packaged in a package designed for transmission via HF radio channel 5. or 9, and transmitted via HF radio channel 5 or 9 to HF BS 1 - the destination.

If the HF ground station 35 at which the HF airborne station 1 is registered is not accessible to the ground communication subsystem 34, then the message is broadcast by the ground communication subsystem 34 to another HF ground station 30 or 36 available for the ground communication subsystem 34, where it is packaged, intended for transmission via the HF radio channel 29, and is transmitted via the HF radio channel 29 to the inaccessible HF NS 35, on which the HF airborne station 1 is registered, where it is packaged in a package intended for transmission via HF radio channel 9, and transmitted via the HF radio channel 9, to the RF board station 1 - addressee.

Table 1 provides an example of the structure of the audibility table. In this example, the network consists of six HF NS (N = 6) and the audibility table is formed by the HF ground station with number 4, which is unavailable (has a faulty interface with the ground subsystem). The first line shows the numbers of the HF NS, and the second line shows the numbers of the best reception frequencies selected by the HF NS 4. The frequency numbering corresponds to the system table, which is developed by the control center and brings to all the HF NS. In parentheses next to the frequency numbers are the numbers of the recommended maximum data transfer rates (1 - 300 bit / s, 2 - 600 bit / s, 3 - 1200 bit / s, 4 - 1800 bit / s). In this example, HF NS No. 4 did not receive a single signal from HF NS No. 6, therefore, it characterized the audibility from HF NS No. 6 as 0 (0). The length of the connectivity table is 8 (N) bits.

Table 2 presents an example of a connectivity matrix for six HF NS. Each column of the connectivity matrix characterizes the numbers of the best transmission frequencies of one station indicated in the column heading for other stations indicated in the row headers. Each row of the connectivity matrix characterizes the numbers of the best reception frequencies by one station indicated in the row header, signals of other stations indicated in the column headers. In this case, the frequency numbering corresponds to the system table, which is developed by the control center and brings to all the HF NS, including the leading HF NS 36 in each zone. The division into zones is carried out according to geographical signs, taking into account the presence of one or more consumers of information 3 and 4. In the controller 33 HF NS 36 data from MU 3 about the parameters of objects 1, 30, 35, 36, 37 and the state of the HF radio channels 5, 9 , 29, 38 are saved and used for control in case of failure of the control unit 3 equipment or interface 7 failure. In such cases, the introduced technical solution allows decentralized control of aircraft with RF BS 1 in case of failure of elements 3 and 7. Recommended maximum different data transfer rates. The HF on-board station uses the connectivity matrix to determine the frequency of listening to the signal transmitted in the Earth-to-Earth slot containing the hearing matrix, and also, if necessary, a message from another HF NS. The connectivity matrix is also used to determine the transmission frequency of a message for another station in the Earth-to-Earth slot.

In FIG. Figure 5 shows an example of the structure of the channel access frame with time division in the RF packet data exchange system, which differs from the structure of the channel access frame in the RF HFDL data exchange system only by the presence of one access slot to the Earth-to-Earth channel (“3-3” )

In FIG. Figure 6 shows one of the options for generating time diagrams of the emissions of marker signals and “3-3” packets for the “Earth-to-Earth” network topologies of the “each with each” type of 6 HF NS (A, B, C, D, E, F). Other options for the formation of time diagrams of the radiation of marker signals and packets "3-3" are given in [9].

Thus, the implementation of the technical solutions proposed in the invention allows to achieve the following advantages in comparison with analogues:

- in case of failure of the control center of the HF packet data exchange system or segment of the ground communication subsystem, the air traffic control process is ensured by decentralized control of aircraft from leading HF NS in the corresponding zone and duplication of channels of the ground communication subsystem with corresponding HF radio channels, which increases the efficiency of the system and allows you to quickly contact the crew of the aircraft, which requires urgent information;

- the use in the system of programmable modulators and demodulators of the radio signal, made, for example, using SDR technology - "programmable radio", will expand the scope of the invention due to new signal-code constructions;

- provides the use of frequency control technology in the system using ionospheric monitoring based on long-term forecasting in the control center and operational prediction of the propagation conditions of radio waves using the input to the HF BS K HF receivers with HF receiving antenna and special software in the HF data exchange control device for selection best communication frequencies;

- due to the introduction of a relay mode of received radio signals in the HF airborne stations, the range and reliability of communication increase;

- due to the introduction in the HF airborne stations of the procedure for generating accurate time signals using tags from the output of the receiver of global navigation satellite systems at all objects of the claimed system provides a single time.

Comparison of the claimed device with other analogues shows that the newly introduced nodes are known to specialists in the field of communication technology.

The claimed invention differs from known analogues in the field of communication technology, does not explicitly follow from the prior art, therefore, the inventive step and novelty comply with the conditions of patentability. This system can be implemented on existing serial products used in communication technology, and is industrially applicable.

The method and RF packet data exchange system can be used to organize a domestic RF communication network.

Literature:

1. ARINC 635-3. Specification. HF Data Link Protocols. 12/2000.

2. ARINC Characteristics 753-3. HF Data Link System. 2001.

3. Appendix 10 to the ICAO Agreements (Volume 3, Part 1, Chapter 11). Geneva. ICAO. 2000.

4. GLOBALLink / HF. HF DATA LINK. Technical Experts Meeting. Moscow. May 16-17. 1996.

5. Dr. D. Yaviz. Cost of Truly Mobile Beyond Line-Of-Sight Communications or “How Much Does It Cost to Get a Bit From A to B?”. HARRIS, 1994.

6. ARINC 634. Specification. HF Data Link System Design Guidance Material. 8/96.

7. Guidance on the RF data line. Geneva. ICAO. 2001.

8. Report from the AD HOC Working Group on HF Data Link. Draft Version 1.0. September 29, 1995.

9. RF patent No. 2286030. (prototype).

10. Kabaev D.V., Lvov A.V., Metelev S.A., Shishkin Yu.V. Reliability of receiving one parallel DKMV modem in multipath conditions. XVII International Scientific and Technical Conference "Radar, Navigation, Communication", April 12-14, 2011, Voronezh, vol. 2, pp. 966-971.

Claims (4)

1. A method for exchanging packet data in the system, which means that marker signals are emitted from each HF ground station (LS) in the first slot of each TDMA frame of the channel access protocol at all frequencies, which are periodically assigned and activated in the control center (CC) An RF communication system for implementing the FDMA protocol for access to communication channels, according to which different RF ground stations have different sets of active operating frequencies, register each RF on-board station at the best RF part at the corresponding RF ground station The communication channel selected by the HF airborne station based on the results of its assessment of the quality of receiving marker signals between the HF ground station and the HF airborne station registered on it exchanges packet data as long as the quality of the Air-to-Earth HF channel allows, if the quality of the HF deteriorates Air-to-Earth channel below a permissible level on the HF airborne station select a new channel and register on this channel on a new or old HF ground station, through the ground-based subsystem, packet data is exchanged between Each HF ground station and air traffic control (ATC) and airline (UAL) control centers, as well as the HF packet data exchange control center, select the best frequency for receiving messages from each other HF ground station at each HF ground station based on the reception quality assessment marker signals using RF receivers “Earth-to-Earth” and demodulators “Earth-to-Earth” of a radio signal, form an audibility table based on the selection of the best reception frequencies, which indicate a sign of their availability and (inaccessibility) for the terrestrial communication subsystem, the identifiers of the ground stations and the corresponding numbers of the best reception frequencies with the codes of the recommended maximum allowable data rates, on each frequency channel, one slot of the channel access frame for data transmission in the Earth-to-Earth direction is allocated, transmit the audibility table at the same time using N RF transmitters in the slots, which are allocated for data transmission in the Earth-to-Earth direction, receive audibility tables from other RF ground stations at the preliminary the selected best reception frequencies using RF receivers and demodulators “Earth-to-Earth” radio signal, form a table of connectivity of the network “Earth-Earth” based on the adopted audibility tables, which indicate the identifiers of ground stations with signs of their availability (inaccessibility) for the ground communication subsystem and the corresponding numbers of the best reception and transmission frequencies with the codes of the recommended maximum allowable data rates, the Earth-Earth network connectivity table is used to select communication frequencies (reception and transmission) with other HF NS, the data packet received at an inaccessible HF ground station from the HF airborne station registered on it is transmitted simultaneously with the audibility table via the HF radio channel in the Earth-to-Earth slot to another available HF NS, from which it is transmitted to the control center ATC or UAF or to the control center of the HF packet data exchange system via the ground subsystem, a data packet from the control unit of the ATC or UAF or from the control center of the HF packet data exchange system designed for the HF airborne station, which is registered on an inaccessible HF ground station, is transmitted via a ground subsystem to an available HF NS, from which it is then transmitted via the Earth-to-Earth HF radio channel to an inaccessible HF ground station, and from which it is then transmitted via the Air-to-Earth HF radio channel "To the HF airborne station, the data packet from the control center of the HF data exchange system addressed to the inaccessible HF ground station is transmitted via the ground subsystem to the available HF ground station, from where it is broadcast on the Earth-3 HF radio channel "to the inaccessible HF ground station, characterized in that the following operations are introduced: divide the airspace into service areas, assign a leading HF ground station in each zone, receive information from the control center on the ground subsystem and store information about communication planning and dynamic processes control of communication resources of the HF ground stations located in the corresponding zone, and when the control center of the HF data exchange system fails, their operating modes are controlled, urgent information is transmitted over the HF rad “Earth-Air” channels from all available HF ground stations for the selected HF airborne station, and for relaying urgent information, use the corresponding HF ground stations and Earth-Earth radio channels, as well as available HF airborne stations, if a segment of the ground subsystem fails communications ensure it is bypassed by connecting to the router the subsystem of terrestrial communication broadcasting relevant information on the RF radio channel "Earth-Earth" from the closest accessible open RF ground station to the open circuit via the RF radio channel m “Earth-Earth” to another (or other) accessible (or accessible) HF ground station located (located) on the other side of the cliff, based on the analysis of the state and parameters of the HF radio channel, transmit information on the opposite side about new recommended types of modulation, codes , interleaving, scrambling, transmission speed and then using time stamps of global navigation satellite systems at the same time on the sides of the transmission and reception programmatically generate new recommended types of modulation, codes, interleaving, scratching Mbbley and organize the process of data exchange. 2. An RF packet data exchange system containing RF airborne stations connected via Air-to-Earth RF radio channels with RF ground stations, which in turn are connected to the control center of the said system and to air traffic and air traffic control centers via the ground communication subsystem wherein each HF ground station contains a HF ground station controller that is coupled to control N N transmitters connected to N HF transmit antennas with N HF Air-to-Earth receivers connected to a common RF receiving antenna, also connected to the information inputs of N radio signal modulators connected to N RF transmitters, connected to information outputs of N air-to-Earth demodulators of a radio signal connected to N RF receivers, in addition, the RF ground station controller is connected to the signal receiver a single time connected to a receiving antenna of a single time signal, and with an interface device with a ground communication subsystem, at each RF ground station, at least one RF ground-to-ground communications receiver, and at least e, one Earth-to-Earth demodulator of a radio signal whose output is connected to the information input of the RF ground station controller, and the input to the output of the corresponding Earth-to-Earth RF receiver, whose information input is connected to a common RF receiving antenna, and the control input is to the corresponding control output of the HF ground station controller, in the HF airborne station, the HF transceiver is connected on one side to the antenna matching device (ACS) connected to the HF airborne antenna, and on the other hand to the control device HF data exchange, which is connected to the control panel (PU) by the radio station and the on-board router (BM), characterized in that it additionally includes HF onboard stations with the ability to relay messages received on HF radio channels Air-Earth from HF ground stations and via “Air-to-Air” RF channels - from the corresponding RF airborne stations operating in relay mode, the leading RF ground station for the corresponding zone is connected to the ground communication subsystem, and via the Earth-Earth channels to the corresponding RF channels to ground stations, including those inaccessible from the subsystem of terrestrial communication, and via RF radio channels “Earth-Air” - to the corresponding RF airborne stations requiring urgent information. 3. The RF packet data exchange system according to claim 2, characterized in that N RF demodulators of the radio signals of relayed messages and ionospheric monitoring signals, connected on one side to the controller of the RF ground station and, on the other hand, through N corresponding RF receivers for receiving relayed messages and ionospheric monitoring signals to a common RF receiving antenna, and 2H control inputs of RF demodulators and RF receivers are connected to the corresponding control outputs of the RF controller emnoy station. 4. The RF packet data exchange system according to claim 2, characterized in that a receiving RF antenna is connected to the RF on-board station connected via K parallel RF receivers to the corresponding I / O of the RF data exchange control device, a message relay device connected to the corresponding input / output device control RF data exchange, a signal receiver of a single time connected to a receiving antenna of signals of a single time and to the corresponding input / output device control RF exchange of data.

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