RU2609243C1 - Flow energy damper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used to damper energy of a water flow in afterbay of the hydrotechnical facility. The flow energy damper comprises a horizontal section of a water channel 1 and a chamber 3 having a cylindrical shape. The chamber 3 has installed inside fairing 4 having diamond shape with concave top walls 5, and bottom walls 6 are made in form of a truncated cone, its top 7 is directed coaxially to center of an outlet opening 8 of the chamber 3. Wherein the chamber 3 has bottom edges 9 bent to radius. Besides, in a well 11 a horizontal shelf 10 is secured coaxially with output opening 8 of the chamber 3. The horizontal shelf 10 is located above the outlet opening of the drainage pipeline 12.

EFFECT: increased operation efficiency at path of nonfixed liquid flow due to local collisions of the pulse water flow and flow leaving the stilling pool to the drainage pipeline under conditions of variable water level in the dampening chamber.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used to extinguish the energy of a water stream in the downstream of a hydraulic structure.

Known flow energy damper, including the inlet pipe entering the casing, made in the form of a truncated cone, the surface of which is perforated (Copyright certificate SU No. 1036835, E02B 8/06 from 08.23.1982).

A disadvantage of the known absorber is that it works efficiently when the optimal flow rate is skipped, if the flow rate is higher or lower than the optimal flow rate, the efficiency and reliability of the damper are reduced, since the jets flowing through the perforation into the casing change the flow direction little, and therefore their impact is ineffective extinguishes energy of a stream. In addition, the inclusion of a muffled end face of a truncated cone with sand and gravel reduces the reactive effect through perforation on the water flow, i.e. they are clogged. As a result of all this, the collision of the jets is also violated, i.e. the live section of the perforated pressure pipe changes.

Also known is a flow energy damper, including a cylindrical water well, a two-way flow divider tangentially connected to the well, damper plates mounted on racks with the possibility of their vertical movement and made with walls located along their perimeter (Copyright certificate SU No. 1059054, E02B 8 / 06 dated 12/07/1983).

A disadvantage of the known damper is that it is complicated by the design of the plates associated with loading containers filled with water. At the same time, impact on the fastening elements of the outlet channel is not excluded, and this does not contribute to sufficient smoothing of the water surface. Thus, the efficiency of quenching the energy of the flow in the discharge channel is insufficient. In addition, the complexity of the design of the slabs due to complex reinforced concrete work requires the stability of their ascent in a vertical position, limited by the struts of the slabs, while they can jam during movements, in case of distortions, since the force of the resultant hydrostatic pressure in the well at different points does not occur evenly over the entire pressure plane of the plates.

It should be understood that unsteady is understood as a fluid flow in which the flow rate (speed) changes over time. Unsteady flows include transients widely encountered in technology, in which the flow rate varies from one steady state motion to another. In the particular case, the flow rate changes from zero to the steady-state maximum value diverted to the outlet conduit.

Thus, if there is an accumulation of energy in the well in the form of turbulent mixing of the liquid, an unsteady transition period occurs. This process of the formation of unsteady motion can adversely affect the absence of smoothing of the flow wave in the outlet conduit.

The closest to the proposed purpose, technical nature and the achieved result is a vortex absorber, which, to increase the efficiency of extinguishing the excess energy of the discharged stream, includes a horizontal section of the conduit, an annular extinguishing chamber and ski jumps (Copyright certificate SU No. 1030474, E02B 8/06 of 23.07 .1983).

The disadvantages of the known device:

the interaction of jets and flows within the annular chamber contributes to the concentration of the flow at a narrow front, as a result, local velocities remain high, which leads to erosion of the bottom of the damper;

the complexity of its design and operation due to the presence of a change in the jets by the jumps, while there are no conditions for extinguishing energy when the flow rate changes and the level fluctuations in the chamber the live section of the blanking chamber does not change;

the hydrodynamic load increases, and therefore, the twisting effect is insufficient;

the absorber operation is effective when the optimal flow rate is skipped, if the flow rate is higher or lower than the optimal flow rate, the efficiency and reliability are reduced, since the ski socks are fixedly fixed;

dampers-ski jumps, although they create a circulation of the flow, however, they limit the radial movement in the chamber with walls, and this does not make the camera more economical, since it is necessary to make the camera deep enough.

The technical result is to increase operating efficiency in conditions of a variable water level in the chamber.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the flow energy absorber, including a horizontal section of the water conduit, an annular extinguishing chamber, while the annular extinguishing chamber is equipped with a well fixed at its outlet end and has an additional diamond-shaped fairing installed in its internal cavity, with an additional fairing has upper concave side walls, and the lower ones are made in the form of a cone, the top of which is coaxially directed towards the outlet of the annular chamber, except th, the well has a horizontal shelf, mounted coaxially in the annular chamber towards the outlet opening, and a horizontal shelf is placed above the discharge pipe outlet.

This embodiment of a flow energy absorber from interconnected elements will increase the intensity of energy quenching from the water level above an additional diamond shaped cowl, contributes to its stable filling before entering the cowling, which has upper concave walls and the lower ones are made in the form of a cone, then the water stream collides towards each other in the quenching chamber and through the outlet is connected to one stream, there is a collision of the total water flow on a horizontal plane ki fixed in the well, the horizontal leg positioned above the outlet discharge pipe. In turn, this will reduce the dynamic effect on the walls of the quench chamber and the bottom of the well, i.e. the efficiency of quenching the energy of the flow to the bottom of the well will increase, there is no erosion of its bottom. The location of the outlet of the outlet pipe below the horizontal shelf eliminates the possibility of pulsating effects on the outlet pipe as well.

In FIG. 1 shows a flow energy absorber, plan view; in FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section AA in FIG. one.

The flow energy absorber includes a water conduit 1 with a vertical pipe 2, a chamber 3 of cylindrical shape for absorbing water energy, and chamber 3 has an additional fairing 4 attached in its internal cavity and made in a diamond-shaped form with concave upper walls 5, and the lower walls 6 are made in the form of a truncated cone , the apex 7 of which is coaxially directed to the center of the outlet 8 of the chamber 3, while the chamber 3 has lower edges bent along the radius 9. The horizontal shelf 10 is installed in the water well 11 with a gap and is coaxial to the outlet hole 8 of the chamber 3, while the horizontal shelf 10 is placed above the outlet of the outlet pipe 12.

The flow energy absorber operates as follows.

Water enters from the water conduit 1 into a cylindrical chamber 3 and is distributed around its circumference with a cowl 4 with concave side faces 5, passes further into the gaps between the chamber walls, the flows are twisted and collided with each other. In the process of collision of parts of the flows between themselves towards the center of the outlet 8 of the chamber 3, which has radially bent lower edges 9, forms an additional compression of the flow at the outlet of the chamber 3, which causes a back pressure towards the lower faces 6 in the form of a truncated cone 7, which coaxially directed to the center of the outlet 8. The interaction of the entire flow due to the placement of coaxially the outlet 8 of the horizontal shelf 10 leads to additional collision and spreading of the flow around the perimeter of the water well 11, and rivodit in additional dispersed flux impinging jets of water into the interior of the inflatable well, i.e. the impact of the jets occurs with a water cushion in the well 11, in which the final quenching of energy occurs. In the process of quenching, the entire volume of flow in the water well 11 is involved. Thus, in front of the outlet of the discharge pipe 12, the flow becomes steady.

The presence of an attached horizontal shelf 10 and its placement in the well 11 coaxially to the outlet 8 of the chamber 3 above the outlet of the outlet pipe 12 also contributes to the damping of the outflow from the chamber 3 into the water well 12.

Thus, this allows, based on the interconnection and interdependence of the main components of the quenching construction, to increase the efficiency of quenching the excess kinetic energy of water, the work efficiency is increased, it prevents the vertical discharge of water directly into the well and erosion of its bottom, and the specific costs in the discharge pipeline are equalized or diverting channel. Due to the gradual damping of the flow upon flow from the horizontal conduit to the chamber, in the cavity of which a diamond-shaped fairing is placed, and a fixed shelf coaxially placed above the outlet of the outlet pipe, the dynamic loads on the well structure are not so high compared to the prototype.

Claims (1)

A flow energy absorber comprising a horizontal section of the water conduit, an annular extinguishing chamber, characterized in that the annular extinguishing chamber is provided with a well fixed to its outlet end and has an additional diamond-shaped cowl mounted in its inner cavity, while the additional cowl has upper concave side walls and the lower ones are made in the form of a truncated cone, the apex of which is coaxially directed towards the outlet of the annular chamber, in addition, the well has a horizon nuyu shelf, mounted coaxially in the annular chamber towards the outlet opening, and a horizontal shelf is placed above the discharge pipe outlet.

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