CN109629534A - A kind of underflow energy dissipator being arranged in tortuous channel - Google Patents
A kind of underflow energy dissipator being arranged in tortuous channel Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种布置在弯曲河道的底流消能工，包括布置于弯曲河道弯道段前的直线型主消力池和布置于弯道段的曲线型辅消力池；主消力池与辅消力池交接的位置布置有沿水流断面方向排布的导流‑消力墩。本发明利用主、辅两级消力池与导流‑消力墩相结合的控制技术，不仅能有效消除弯曲河道的底流消能中弯道段局部水流的大幅度波动，而且能妥善解决弯道段出来流与凹岸坡脚部位对冲进而影响坡岸稳定的问题。
The invention discloses an underflow energy dissipator arranged in a curved river, comprising a linear main stilling pool arranged in front of the curved section of the curved river and a curved auxiliary stilling pool arranged in the curved section; the main stilling pool The diversion-stilling piers arranged along the direction of the water flow section are arranged at the position where it connects with the auxiliary stilling pool. The invention utilizes the control technology combining the main and auxiliary two-stage stilling pools and the diversion-stilling pier, which can not only effectively eliminate the large fluctuation of the local water flow in the curved section in the bottom flow energy dissipation of the curved river channel, but also can properly solve the bending The outflow from the road section collides with the slope foot of the concave bank and thus affects the stability of the slope bank.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering technical fields, are related to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering energy-disspating arrangement form and knot
The improvement of structure, more specifically to a kind of energy dissipation by hydraulic jump technology of similar " L " type tortuous channel.
Background technique
General sluice, middle-size and small-size overflow weir or the poor all kinds of discharge structures of geological conditions, mostly use underflow type to disappear
Energy.Energy dissipation by hydraulic jump is a kind of basic energy dissipation mode, can reduce the influence of atomization, be applied widely in hydraulic engineering.
It is to carry out energy dissipating by means of certain engineering measure.
Stilling pond energy dissipation by hydraulic jump is Energy Dissipation Modes common in hydraulic engineering, and hydraulic jump position is controlled using stilling pond,
Complementary energy is eliminated by the surface roller and strong turbulent fluctuation of hydraulic jump generation, and in order to improve the effect of energy dissipation of stilling pond, also often exist
Supplementary devices are set in pond.Stilling pond mostly uses greatly wide linear type to arrange when horizontal layout, but in some plateau mountainous regions, mound
The numerous area in mound, river sharp turn is more, in these place arrangement energy-dissipating installations, suffers from landform, the limit of geological conditions
The reason of arrangement such as system and the selection of dam site axis, energy-disspating is neighbouring with bend, according to whole wide linear type stilling pond
The project amount of bank slope excavation will be greatly increased, and stilling pond outlet stream and downstream turning river connection problem can be faced；In addition,
If scale is limited because of landform, geology when stilling pond is arranged, energy dissipating is insufficient, then outlet stream still has certain energy, it will
It forms bend section part water flow to fluctuate widely, the unfavorable fluidised form to liquidate with concave bank slope foot position, if do not taken engineering to arrange
It applies, will affect the bank stability of bend section concave bank, to influence the operational safety of engineering.Therefore, energy dissipation by hydraulic jump work, the palm are carried out
Bend section flow cavitation result technology is held, for newly-built and change, extend and be arranged in the safe operation of underflow energy dissipator in tortuous channel all
It is most important.
In terms of tortuous channel stilling pond energy dissipation by hydraulic jump, fluidised form control technology, forefathers propose some Improving Measurements, comprising:
Multistage stilling pond method, shaped form stilling pond method etc..Multistage stilling pond method has played self-characteristic in different Practical Projects,
It achieves energy dissipation, adjust fluidised form effect.It is applied in multistage stilling pond method Chang great single paragraph flow, low boiling your moral number Fr, it is high
It boils in your moral number Fr number using more difficult, and cost is higher.Due to also having one to stilling pond when letdown flow is larger and flow velocity is higher
Fixed scale requirements, therefore the difficult point of shaped form stilling pond method is to need to pay special attention to stilling pond under conditions of high flow rate because of bending
Water flow caused by the centrifugal force of generation washes away whole bank, and flow velocity is unevenly distributed on water flow transverse direction section after bend section,
Difficulty is brought to outlet energy dissipater's arrangement.
In addition, above-mentioned various measures do not consider when energy dissipating or disappear for the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump for being arranged in tortuous channel
Corner water flow still has complementary energy after energy, to can liquidate with bend section concave bank, local water flow is caused to fluctuate widely
How situation solves the problems, such as that the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump for being arranged in tortuous channel and flow cavitation result are still urgently studied.
Summary of the invention
It is difficult to realize the state of the art to the effective energy dissipating of tortuous channel for existing stilling pond underflow energy dissipator, the present invention mentions
Supplied a kind of underflow energy dissipator for being arranged in tortuous channel, can eliminate in bend stilling pond circulating flow strength it is high and caused by concave bank
Slope foot, which washes away, acutely waits flood discharging rich.
Research of the invention is directed to the energy dissipating engineering with tortuous channel, belongs to your moral number Fr energy dissipation by hydraulic jump of low boiling,
In view of low boiling, your energy dissipation rate of moral number Fr energy dissipation by hydraulic jump is usually lower, and in order to reduce stilling pond project amount, the present invention is with linear type
The power that disappears forebay is main stilling pond, is disappeared stilling pond supplemented by power after-bay with shaped form, the two is combined, is realized to tortuous channel water flow
Energy dissipating.
The underflow energy dissipator provided by the invention for being arranged in tortuous channel is longitudinally divided into two-stage along " L " type tortuous channel,
Including being arranged in the main stilling pond of linear type before tortuous channel bend section and being arranged in the auxiliary stilling pond of shaped form of bend section；It is described
Main stilling pond and the location arrangements of auxiliary stilling pond handover have water conservancy diversion-baffle pier along the arrangement of active cross-section direction.
The above-mentioned underflow energy dissipator for being arranged in tortuous channel before larger main stilling pond is arranged in bend section, uses
The wide rectangular cross section recommended is standardized, most energy dissipating is completed by hydraulic jump and is worked, the auxiliary stilling pond institute of racetrack portion can be reduced
Scale is needed, and flow velocity is made to meet the requirements of this supplementary devices of water conservancy diversion-baffle pier, reaches water conservancy diversion-in the present invention in stilling pond
Flow rate of water flow before baffle pier should be less than 10m/s.Auxiliary stilling pond scale down can reduce water flow and fall amplitude from end sill, be allowed to
It is connected more smooth with downstream river course；And auxiliary stilling pond shaped form is arranged in turnaround section, can efficiently control the work of bend centrifugal force
With flow velocity in reduction pond is evenly arranged water flow again on cross section quickly, changes the flow-shape at bend position
It is kind；In preferential embodiment, the maximum curvature section of auxiliary stilling pond covering river bend section.
The above-mentioned underflow energy dissipator for being arranged in tortuous channel, the water conservancy diversion-baffle pier are equivalent to the prominent body in water flow, increase
Water flow internal shear in stilling pond, collision turbulent fluctuation Dissipation Strength, the water velocity of bend section can be lowered into again, into one
Step reduces auxiliary stilling pond scale.In a preferred embodiment, water conservancy diversion-baffle pier design has towards tortuous channel bending section convex bank
Pinch plane, the upstream linkage section and downstream connection section that water conservancy diversion-baffle pier is connected with pinch plane are trapezoidal cross-section, and downstream connection section
Trapezoidal cross-section area be greater than upstream linkage section trapezoidal area.Water conservancy diversion-baffle pier with pinch plane is set and is able to guide control water flow
Be biased to convex bank, redistribute water flow on the section, weaken water flow do curvilinear motion and cause curved segment cross current intensity and
Range, and avoid washing away concave bank slope foot.
The structure size of the above-mentioned underflow energy dissipator for being arranged in tortuous channel, the auxiliary stilling pond can be at different levels according to overflow weir
Flow and bend section landform provide, and reliable and stable fluidised form can be formed by being connected in pond with downstream river course when should ensure that design discharge.
The above-mentioned underflow energy dissipator for being arranged in tortuous channel, structure size (the high H of pier, pier thickness B of the water conservancy diversion-baffle pier
And clear distance Δ L etc. between the pier between adjacent two baffle pier) can be given according to overflow weir flow corresponding depths at different levels according to following formula
Out:
H=0.2~0.4h (1)
B=0.3~1.0H (2)
Δ L=0.4~0.75H (3)
In formula, h is the depth of water at arrangement water conservancy diversion-baffle pier place stilling pond.
The above-mentioned underflow energy dissipator for being arranged in tortuous channel, the water conservancy diversion-baffle pier pinch plane specific structure can basis
The concrete condition of tortuous channel is designed, but is required to guidance control water flow and is biased to convex bank, improves water flow in bend section
Stability avoids washing away the requirement such as concave bank slope foot.In the present invention, pinch plane is roughly the same with bend section maximum curvature face.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) present invention is arranged in the underflow energy dissipator of tortuous channel, due to arranging linear type master in " L " type tortuous channel
Stilling pond and the auxiliary stilling pond of shaped form, and the location arrangements baffle pier being connected in main stilling pond and auxiliary stilling pond, utilize main and auxiliary two
The control technology that grade stilling pond is combined with water conservancy diversion-baffle pier, can not only effectively eliminate bend in the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump of tortuous channel
The local water flow of section fluctuates widely, and can properly settle that bend section goes out incoming flow and concave bank slope foot position liquidates and then influences slope
The stable problem of bank.
(2) present invention is arranged in the underflow energy dissipator of tortuous channel, and main stilling pond is by energy dissipation by hydraulic jump, by most of energy
Dissipation, flow velocity is substantially reduced to less than 10m/s, so that it is guaranteed that forming reliable and stable water flow in stilling pond；In addition, main stilling pond
Setting can also reduce auxiliary stilling pond needed for scale, reduce construction cost.
(3) present invention is arranged in the underflow energy dissipator of tortuous channel, and auxiliary stilling pond can efficiently control bend centrifugal force
Effect reduces flow velocity in pond, is evenly arranged water flow again on cross section quickly, obtains the water flow stream at bend position too
Improve, is connected more smooth with downstream.
(4) present invention is arranged in the underflow energy dissipator of tortuous channel, and water conservancy diversion-baffle pier setting with pinch plane not only has
There is certain energy dissipating effect to shorten auxiliary stilling pond scale to lower hydraulic jump length and downstream water depth, reduces cost；And energy
Enough guidance control water flows are biased to convex bank, redistribute water flow on the section, to make in auxiliary stilling pond hydraulic jump in length side
It not move upwards, improve the stability (i.e. stable hydraulic jump) of hydraulic jump, eliminate because produced by slope foot scouring intensity height at bend section
Bank stability risk.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the underflow energy dissipator longitudinal sectional drawing that the present invention is arranged in tortuous channel.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 spillway layout plan view.
Fig. 3 is water conservancy diversion-baffle pier schematic perspective view.
Fig. 4 is water conservancy diversion-baffle pier main view (a) and rearview (b).
Fig. 5 is energy dissipater's test section velocity flow profile polar plot in dissipation and scouring operating condition in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is energy dissipater's test section left and right banks water surface curve distribution schematic diagram in dissipation and scouring operating condition in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the spillway layout structure longitudinal sectional drawing of linear type stilling pond.
Fig. 8 is Fig. 7 spillway layout plan view.
Fig. 9 is the spillway layout plan view of multistage stilling pond.
Figure 10 is the spillway layout plan view of " L " type stilling pond.
In above-mentioned attached drawing, the label respectively illustrated is respectively indicated: 1.-spillway control section, 2.-main stilling pond, 3.-lead
Stream-baffle pier, 4.-auxiliary stilling pond, 5.-downstream end sill.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is provided below with reference to attached drawing, and technical solution of the present invention is carried out into one by embodiment
Clear, the complete explanation of step.Obviously, the embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than whole implementation
Example.Based on the content of present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all without making creative work
Other embodiments belong to the range that the present invention is protected.
Embodiment 1
The engineering that the present embodiment is directed to is certain medium hydropower project with tortuous channel.Overflow Section is located in riverbed
Portion, using table Kong Yiliu, energy dissipation by hydraulic jump form.
The underflow energy dissipator provided in this embodiment for being arranged in tortuous channel as shown in Figures 1 and 2, including is arranged in curved
2. 4. the main stilling pond of linear type before Qu Hedao bend section and is arranged in the auxiliary stilling pond of shaped form of bend section.Main stilling pond 2. position
In the overflow dam slope downstream of spillway control section 1., import is fallen bank with the use of overflow dam slope and is connect；Main stilling pond is 2. using rule
The wide rectangular cross section that model is recommended.Auxiliary stilling pond shaped form is arranged in turnaround section, and covers the maximum curvature section of river bend section
(corresponding corner is about 112 °).5. the end of auxiliary stilling pond 4. is provided with downstream end sill.2. 4. main stilling pond is handed over auxiliary stilling pond
3. the location arrangements connect have the 4 water conservancy diversion-baffle piers arranged along active cross-section direction.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4,3. water conservancy diversion-baffle pier designs the pinch plane having towards tortuous channel bending section convex bank, water conservancy diversion-
The upstream linkage section and downstream connection section that baffle pier is connected with pinch plane are trapezoidal cross-section, and the trapezoidal cross-section face of downstream connection section
Product is greater than the trapezoidal area of upstream linkage section.Pinch plane is roughly the same with bend section maximum curvature face.Water conservancy diversion-baffle pier structure ruler
Very little (clear distance Δ L etc. between the pier between the high H of pier, pier thickness B and adjacent two baffle pier) can be according to overflow weir flow corresponding depths at different levels
It is provided according to following formula:
H=0.2~0.4h (1)
B=0.3~1.0H (2)
Δ L=0.4~0.75H (3)
In formula, h is the depth of water at arrangement water conservancy diversion-baffle pier place stilling pond.
Water conservancy diversion-baffle pier with pinch plane is set and is able to guide control water flow deviation convex bank, redistributes water flow on the section,
Weaken cross current intensity and range that water flow does curvilinear motion and causes curved segment, and avoids washing away concave bank slope foot.
The underflow energy dissipator structural parameters for being arranged in tortuous channel used in the present embodiment are shown in Table the scheme 4 in 1.
Table 1 is arranged in the underflow energy dissipator structural parameters of tortuous channel
By experimental study, disappeared using main and auxiliary two-stage stilling pond provided in this embodiment with what water conservancy diversion-baffle pier combined
Energy method and control technology carry out fluidised form control and energy dissipation, controlling test operating condition, that is, dissipation and scouring work to water flow in runner
(dissipation and scouring frequency flood (P=3.3%) i.e. upstream water level 548.0m, storage outflow 576m are drafted in test to condition3/ s, gate are opened
Spend 4.3m) under, flow-shape monolithic stability in stilling pond, High Velocity Area is developed to behind straightway end by water conservancy diversion-baffle pier
It influences and floats completely and velocity flow profile tends to uniformly, will not directly liquidate left bank bend bank slope.Water conservancy diversion-baffle pier can allow curved
The Current connectin at road position is more smooth, and the recirculating zone of right bank corner disappears substantially.The maximum stage at left bank bend position is stopped up high
The bank surface low speed of respectively 519.5m, bend downstream are respectively 3.90m/s；Mean flow rate is respectively 6.23m/s in end sill, is disappeared
Energy rate is 72.0%, larger to water flow structure in adjustment stilling pond and hydraulic jump development function.Velocity flow profile vector as shown in Figure 5
Figure, strong turbulent fluctuation area and hydraulic jump rotary roll area are respectively positioned on stilling pond straight line segment limit, and water flow flow velocity within the scope of bend is gradually reduced, disappears
It can work well.Left and right banks water surface curve distribution map as shown in FIG. 6, upstream reservoir area, sluice import, overflow curve, stilling pond
And in the ranges such as downstream river course, flow-shape is whole uniformly, stablizes, and each position Current connectin is good.Design frequency flood and school
Under nuclear frequency flood, strong turbulent fluctuation area and hydraulic jump rotary roll area's development range opposite can increase, and hydraulic jump High Velocity Area is in the power-diversion pier that disappears
Place will continue to develop after floating, and wave zone can be developed to bend after jump, cause the part of the water surface to be stopped up high, but flow velocity is relatively
It is small.By using the underflow energy dissipator provided in this embodiment for being arranged in tortuous channel, overflow weir dissipation and scouring design flood mark
Standard is 30 years one chance floods, and upstream water level 548.0m, corresponding letdown flow is 576m3/s；Designed standard for flood control is to meet for 50 years one
Flood, design flood level 548.04m, letdown flow 639m3/s；Check flood standard is 500 years one chance floods, check water level
549.48m, corresponding letdown flow are 869m3/s。
For above-mentioned certain medium hydropower project with tortuous channel, when using energy dissipater as shown in Figures 7 and 8
The overflow dam slope arranged downstream linear type stilling pond of (scheme 1), i.e. spillway control section 1., stilling pond import are adopted with overflow dam slope
Connected with ogee section curve, stilling pond end sets baffle wall style, is connected with downstream tortuous channel turnaround section.Stilling pond code requirement pushes away
The wide rectangular cross section recommended, traditional line type river are along the not set flow cavitation result of journey or the ancillary measure of energy dissipating.Experimental study table
Bright: under dissipation and scouring flood frequency, hydraulic jump can be developed to middle and back, and the average current flow velocity at stilling pond end sill position is
8.11m/s, comprehensive energy dissipation rate about 68.8%, energy dissipating is insufficient, and the rotary roll area of hydraulic jump can be developed to stilling pond end sill, pool inner water
Stream is stopped up Gao Houzai at end sill and is fallen, and nappe flow directly liquidates the slope foot position of left bank bend, then formed water flow stop up it is high and
Rotary roll causes the fluctuating range of local water flow larger, influences the stability of right bank bend position bank slope.
If on the basis of the energy dissipater that Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is provided, using the stilling pond in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 as first order stilling pond,
Two dams are set in downstream, the second level stilling pond of first order stilling pond rear racetrack portion are formed, using multistage stilling pond method
Energy dissipation by hydraulic jump simulation test (scheme 2) on (two dam methods) Lai Jinhang tortuous channel, as shown in Figure 9.It is observed in model test
Flow-shape and velocity flow profile under dissipation and scouring frequency flood (P=3.3%) enter the formation of water stream and fall bank type energy dissipation by hydraulic jump mould
Formula, stilling pond leading portion flow turbulence is stronger, faces bottom High Velocity Area and just gradually floats in the middle part of stilling pond, first order stilling pond tail end
The flow velocity average value of (pile No. 0+84.0m) is 7.27m/s at the baffle wall style of design；But water flow is still in down stream fluidised form and second herein
Grade stilling pond linking, though falling, amplitude is opposite to be reduced, and nappe flow can still liquidate left bank bend slope foot, and formed part surge and
Cross rod eddy still may influence the stability of bank slope at this；The water flow mean flow rate of two Kan Chu is 6.15m/s, at this
Comprehensive energy dissipation rate is 70.4%.Experimental study discovery, the overall size of the level-one stilling pond after optimization have substantially met requirement, but
Influence of the nappe flow to river left bank corner bank slope at level-one stilling pond end sill not can avoid but always, and two banks with
Current connectin is connected in down stream fluidised form between downstream river course.
If the stilling pond in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is replaced with " L " type stilling pond (scheme 3), as shown in Figure 10, using shaped form
Stilling pond method carries out the energy dissipation by hydraulic jump on " L " type tortuous channel.Experimental study discovery, the figure can eliminate former left bank corner
Down stream fluidised form, but mainstream can between or liquidate to left bank corner, and left bank bend position there are local return with heap soil or fertilizer over and around the roots it is high
Fluidised form；In right bank corner, it may appear that mainstream in stilling pond is pushed to right bank, then will increase the flow velocity of left bank by recirculating zone.
It is first order stilling pond in 7.22m/s, with multistage stilling pond method (two dam methods) that water flow mean flow rate is surveyed at stilling pond end sill
Mean flow rate is substantially suitable at baffle wall style.In addition, at end sill between water flow and downstream river course water flow to fall amplitude relatively large.
Though i.e. shaped form stilling pond method has substantially met dissipation and scouring requirement, there are opposite jet flow stilling pond left bank bend and right lateral bends
There are the unfavorable factors such as local return area at road.
As can be seen from the above analysis, provided in this embodiment to be arranged in tortuous channel relative to remaining several energy dissipater
Underflow energy dissipator can effectively eliminate tortuous channel energy dissipation by hydraulic jump bend section part flow-shape is poor, circulating flow strength in stilling pond
Greatly, bank stability risk caused by slope foot scouring intensity height at bend section, improves the Current connectin state with downstream river course.
The specific embodiment that the present invention enumerates embodiment is intended to further illustrate the application of the invention, but is not limited to
Embodiment in case history does not also constitute any restrictions to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
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| CN112253169A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-22 | 中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司 | Steel mould trolley tunnel concrete lining construction method |
| CN115876261A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-31 | 浙江大学 | Non-full-flow pipeline flow measuring device and method based on steady-state method |
| CN119918126A (en) * | 2024-12-02 | 2025-05-02 | 平陆运河集团有限公司 | A method for optimizing the slope of a hub dam |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112253169A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-22 | 中国水利水电第九工程局有限公司 | Steel mould trolley tunnel concrete lining construction method |
| CN115876261A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-31 | 浙江大学 | Non-full-flow pipeline flow measuring device and method based on steady-state method |
| CN119918126A (en) * | 2024-12-02 | 2025-05-02 | 平陆运河集团有限公司 | A method for optimizing the slope of a hub dam |
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Application publication date: 20190416 |