RU2604504C2 - Method for obtaining of dry collagen micropowder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: biotechnology.

SUBSTANCE: present invention can be used in cosmetic, medical and other industries. Method involves the following: an air bladder of a fish belonging to the sturgeon family is washed, mechanically cleaned from fatty impurities and slime, opened with an cut to wash the inner cavity of the air bladder. Muscular layer of the bladder is cut together with the outer membrane. Obtained collagen is dried at the temperatures not exceeding 25-30 °C during 72-80 hours. Dried collagen is milled into maximum 0.5 mm particles and is additionally subjected to mechanical activation in a planetary-type mill at the rotation speed of not less than 700 rpm for 10-15 minutes.

EFFECT: invention prevents collagen structure destruction.

1 cl

Description

The invention relates to biotechnology and can be used in cosmetic, medical and other industries.

Materials based on natural polymers, such as collagen, have a number of valuable properties, such as high biocompatibility, biodegradation, which allows them to be used in various fields of biotechnology.

Collagens are not only proteins of the intercellular matrix, but also the body as a whole, they make up about 1/3 of all proteins contained in the human body, being the main structural protein of all existing living things. With collagen deficiency (mechanical, metabolic), various diseases of the skin, internal organs and systems occur.

A known method for the surgical treatment of progressive myopia (see RU No. 2100992, class A61F 9/007, publ. 10.01.1998), in which studies have established that fish have natural immunity similar to that of humans. Fish have immunity (immunity) to a wide range of microbial flora, toxins, specific antigens. The immune globulin gamma, which is the carrier of antibodies, has almost the same quantitative composition in both fish and humans. Based on this, in the known method of surgical treatment of progressive myopia by sclerotherapy, the wall of the fish air bladder is used as a graft. In this case, the material is obtained both from freshly caught fish, and in pre-canned form.

It was shown that the air (swimming) bladder of fish inside is covered with a single-layer flat epithelium (cyprinids, cods) or multi-row flat epithelium (sturgeons). A layer of loose connective tissue follows the epithelium, followed by a layer of dense connective tissue. Smooth muscle fibers are located in the wall of the air (swimming) bladder of the fish. On the ventral side, the air (swimming) bladder is covered by the peritoneum (see also V.A. Amineva, A.A. Yarzhombek. "Physiology of fish" - M .: 1984; V.I. Lukyanenko. "Immunology of fish" - M .: 1971).

However, the use of a freshly caught fish bubble requires the implementation of a number of other procedures related to ensuring the proper quality of the material when used and stored for a certain time, and the temperature regimes of conservation negatively affect the biological value of the product, in which partial protein denaturation occurs.

A known method of manufacturing dry fish collagen for the fishing industry, which consists in salting out, washing, cutting, drying and grinding collagen (see RU No. 2232515, CL A23L 1/0562, A23L 1/326, A23J 3/04, publ. 20.07. 2004).

This process of making dry collagen is very long, energy-consuming, in addition, the use of table salt during salting, an aqueous-alcoholic solution during soaking, degreasing and dehydration of collagen with an organic solvent (ethyl alcohol or acetone) can lead to a partial loss of valuable substances (destruction of vitamins, denaturation squirrel).

A known method of producing collagen (see RU No. 2094999, class A22C 13/00, C07K 1/36, publ. 10.11.1997), in which the raw material containing collagen, it is proposed to first soak in water, ice-cooled at pH 5.5 and then, increasing the pH to 10.5, treat the resulting conglomerate with alkalase and then again lower the pH of the solution to 5.5. Filtration and subsequent sterilization of the solution provides collagen.

The disadvantages of the known solutions include the partial hydrolysis of collagen bonds between oxylysine and glutamic acid due to the technology for using the proteolytic enzyme alkaline alkalase. As a result, the destruction of basic amino acids and partial deglycosylation of the protein molecule occur, and as a result, the collagen structure is disrupted with the loss of all its valuable physicochemical properties.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is expressed in providing and maintaining the structure formation of collagen and enhancing its biological properties.

The technical effect obtained when solving the problem is expressed in obtaining dry collagen micropowder from the swimming bladder of fish from the sturgeon family, suitable for use as a natural protein base for the manufacture of medical, cosmetic and food products and products.

To solve this problem, a method of obtaining dry collagen micropowder from a natural polymer, which includes washing sturgeon fish with running water from a swimming bladder, thorough mechanical cleaning of fatty impurities and mucus, opening with a longitudinal section and subsequent washing with running water of the internal cavity of a swimming bladder, mechanical preparation of an average ( muscle) layer together with the outer shell, air drying of the resulting native material (collagen) at a temperature of 25-30 ° C, distinguishes the fact that the collagen is dried for 72-80 hours, and the dried collagen is crushed to a particle size of not more than 0.5 mm, after which the resulting mass is subjected to mechanical activation in a planetary mill at a rotation speed of grinding media of at least 700 rpm until the fraction of particles of micropowder reaches no more than 15 microns for 10-15 minutes.

A comparative analysis of the characteristics of the claimed solution with the signs of analogues indicates the conformity of the claimed solution to the criterion of "novelty."

The features of the characterizing part of the claims provide the solution to the following functional problems.

The sign "primary drying of collagen is carried out for 72-80 hours at a temperature of 25-30 ° C" allows for complete drying with the gradual evaporation of liquid from the substrate.

The sign “dried collagen is crushed to a particle size of not more than 0.5 mm” indicates the production of a mass whose particle sizes are most suitable for subsequent effective mechanical activation.

The sign "the resulting mass is subjected to mechanical activation in a planetary type mill ..." allows you to develop a material suitable for use as a basis for tools and products.

A method of obtaining a dry micropowder of collagen from a natural polymer is as follows.

A swimming bladder of fish from the sturgeon family is used. The selected bubble is washed with running water and thoroughly cleaned of fatty impurities and mucus mechanically. The swimming bladder is opened by a longitudinal section, and its internal cavity is washed with running water. The middle (muscle) layer is mechanically dissected together with the outer shell, and the resulting native material (collagen) is dried in air at a temperature of 25-30 ° C for 72-80 hours. The dried collagen, for example, is crushed with a sharp blade to a particle size of not more than 0.5 mm, and then subjected to mechanical activation in a planetary mill at a grinding body speed of 700-800 rpm for 10-15 minutes. The result is micropowder with a fraction of crushed particles of not more than 15 microns.

The ready-made collagen micropowder is suitable for dry and gas sterilization, thus eliminating the collapse of the collagen structure, which helps to maintain the structural properties of the natural polymer as the basis for the manufacture of medical, cosmetic and food products and products.

According to the proposed method, dry bases of broths, soups and instant sauces can be obtained from secondary fish cutting products, which makes it possible to rationally use the secondary resources of the fish processing industry for food purposes, organize waste-free production, simplify and intensify the process by using raw materials without additional heat treatment , reduce the cost of the finished product through the use of inexpensive raw materials, expand the range of natural fish products, save valuable nutrients for the human body, proteins, micro and macro elements found in bone tissue, reduce the production area of fish storage, increase the compactness of raw materials and shelf life.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining a dry collagen micropowder based on the use of a swimming bladder of a fish from the sturgeon family and including washing, mechanical cleaning of fatty impurities and mucus, opening with a cut and washing the internal cavity of the swimming bladder, preparing the muscle layer together with the outer shell, drying the resulting collagen at a temperature above 25-30 ° C, characterized in that the drying of collagen is carried out for 72-80 hours, after which the dried collagen is crushed into particles with sizes not exceeding 0.5 mm and additional itelno subjected to mechanical activation in the planetary mill at a rotational speed of the grinding media is not less than 700 rpm for 10-15 minutes.