RU2603719C1 - Method for correction of back muscles asymmetry in athletes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, sports, it can be used for correction of back muscles asymmetry in sportsmen. Combined exercise for locomotor and vestibular apparatus of a sportsman is introduced in the program of their training. For this purpose, a sportsman takes angled position, one arm retracts back to the lower, grips front crosswise opposite ear by the second hand and in case position performs 8-10 rotations around its axis at a medium pace in an arbitrary way. Then a sportsman takes vertical position and performs threefold maximum tension of the back extensor muscles.

EFFECT: method provides effective correction of back muscles asymmetry in sportsmen in the absence of biological feedback device, at simultaneous improvement of vestibular stability and electromyograms results of sportsmen.

1 cl, 4 dwg, 1 ex, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of medicine and sports and can be used to correct the asymmetry of the back muscles in athletes.

A known method of correcting asymmetry of the back muscles in athletes using a biological feedback device (BFB), in which the therapeutic effect is achieved due to the possibility of operational regulation of motor activity by the athlete. Using the means of technical registration of motor activity, a connection is created between the muscles and analyzers of the person, visual and auditory. Information, quantitative and qualitative, about the performed motor action is converted into graphic images and becomes more accessible. (Kleshnev, I.V. Improving sports skill using technogenic regulatory relationships and conditions for controlling human movements / I.V. Kleshnev // Pedagogical-psychological and medical-biological problems of physical culture and sports. - 2010. - №2 (15) . - S. 37-41).

The disadvantage of this method: limited use associated with insufficient equipment of sports and recreation facilities with high-quality equipment.

The technical result of the invention is the creation of an effective method for correcting asymmetries of the back muscles without the use of special equipment with biofeedback.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of correcting the asymmetry of the back muscles of athletes, according to the invention, a combined exercise is introduced into the athlete’s training program, causing an extreme mobilizing reaction of the athlete’s musculoskeletal and vestibular apparatuses, while the athlete takes the torso forward position under the direct angle, one hand retracts back to the lower back, with the other hand grabs the opposite ear crosswise in front and in the occupied position carries out 8-10 rotations g on its axis at a moderate pace in an arbitrary way and then in a vertical position, and performs three times the maximum voltage of the extensor muscles of the back.

As a result of the study, it was found that when performing the proposed combined exercise, which is the rotation of the body in space, followed by three times the maximum tension of the extensors of the back muscles, at the control point (in the zone of greatest asymmetry), a positive reaction of the muscles and the vestibular apparatus occurs, resulting in a decrease in asymmetry muscle and increased EMG levels. This effect lasts 2-3 minutes. and with repeated repetition of such an exercise for a long time (4-6 months), a significant decrease in muscle asymmetry occurs.

Normally, the asymmetry of the back muscles in athletes is from 0-12%. As studies have shown, in highly qualified athletes, asymmetry indicators often exceed the norm. Most often, this is accompanied by pain in the asymmetry zone (Improving the shock technique of the legs in karate athletes (Nefedova N.V., Timofeeva Yu.I. Improving the shock technique of the legs in karate athletes (Kyokushinkai) using the Amblyokor method of biological feedback ( IN VITRO) // Uchenye zapiski universiteta imeni I.P. - 2014. - No. 11 (117). - P. 103-109).

The study involved 40 highly qualified athletes of various specializations (karate, marathon runners, swimmers), without disturbances in the vestibular and musculoskeletal systems.

The study was conducted in two stages.

A preliminary study (the first stage) was carried out in order to identify areas of asymmetry of the back muscles, vestibular stability and to identify an extremely mobilizing reaction when performing the proposed combined exercise in athletes of different specializations.

At the first stage of the study, three groups were formed. The first group consisted of athletes - marathon runners: 10 people, of which 5 men and 5 women, the second group - swimmers: 10 people, of which 9 men and 1 woman, the third group - karatekas: 20 people, of which 13 men and 7 women.

At the second stage, in the main part of the study, only karatekas took part - 20 people: a control group (10 people: 8 men, 2 women) and an experimental group (10 people: 5 men, 5 women).

The control group trained according to the generally accepted IKO program. In the experimental group, a combined exercise was included in the generally accepted training program.

Measurement of EMG and vestibular stability (stabilometry) was carried out using the biological feedback device Amblyocor (IN VITRO).

The results of EMG and stabilometry are presented in table. 12.

In the table. 1, 2 presents the results of the preliminary stage of the study.

From the table. Figure 1 shows that in athletes of different specializations, after a combined exercise (extreme mobilizing), there is a decrease in the level of muscle asymmetries in all groups, regardless of sport.

The analysis of the main part of the study showed (Table 2) that when performing the combined (extreme mobilizing) exercise as a whole, a decrease in the level of muscle asymmetry is observed in both groups, while a significant decrease in the level of asymmetry is observed in the experimental group in which this exercise was performed repeatedly in the process of conventional training for 6 months.

According to the results of stabilometry before and after the study in the control group (Fig. 3), there were no significant changes: there was an increase in the stability region (the area covered by the broken line) by 7% (ratio S ₁ / S ₂ = 1,071, where S ₁ and S ₂ - areas before and after the study), which indicates either a deterioration in stability or the absence of changes.

In the experimental group, a comparison of the results of stabilometry before and after the study (Fig. 4) shows a decrease in the stability region by 30% (S ₁ / S ₂ = 0.705).

Thus, the obtained data indicate an increase in vestibular stability in athletes of the experimental group after applying this method.

Thus, the introduction of extreme mobilizing exercises in the generally accepted program of training an athlete leads to a significant decrease in the level of muscle asymmetry and an improvement in vestibular stability.

The method is illustrated in FIG. 1-4, where:

In FIG. 1, 2 presents the posture of the athlete when performing a combined exercise;

In FIG. 3, 4 a graphical comparison of the results of vestibular stability indicators on a stable platform, respectively, of the control and experimental groups before and after the study;

The method is carried out, for example, as follows.

A preliminary examination is preliminarily carried out by a sports doctor, an anamnesis is taken, a comprehensive analysis of the functional state of the back muscles (EMG level, symmetry of the back muscles), as well as stabilometry indices using the Ambliocor device (IN VITRO).

In order to correct the asymmetry of the back muscles in athletes, a combined exercise is introduced into the athlete’s generally accepted training program, which causes an extremely mobilizing reaction of the musculoskeletal and vestibular apparatuses, which consists in the fact that the athlete takes the torso forward position at a right angle, removes one arm back to the lower back , with the second hand, grabs the opposite ear in front from the front and in a busy position carries out 8-10 rotations around its axis at an average pace in an arbitrary direction, and then Nima vertical position and performs three times the maximum voltage of the extensor muscles of the back.

This exercise is performed by an athlete under the supervision of a trainer 2-3 times during a workout. After 4-6 months, the asymmetry of the selected zones and vestibular stability are monitored using the biofeedback apparatus Amblyocor (IN VITRO).

It is necessary to carry out the exercise under the mandatory supervision of a trainer (at the same time, provide fall insurance, observe safety precautions). Despite the specified number of rotational movements performed, an individual approach to each athlete is recommended.

The method is confirmed by the following example (table. 3).

Example

Athlete M., age 20 years, contact karate. Visual examination revealed: asymmetry in the thoracic and lumbar regions, left pelvic distortion with clockwise rotation, asymmetry of the triangles of the waist, increased physiological bends, left shoulder displacement, muscle cushion in the left lumbar region, 1st degree spinal scoliosis according to x-ray studies. The correction of asymmetry by the proposed method is recommended.

Within 6 months, the athlete performed the recommended exercise 2-3 times during the training.

The results of the re-examination after 6 months: there is a positive trend, both during visual inspection, and in terms of biofeedback diagnostics and X-ray examination. From table 3 it is seen that the greatest asymmetry is noted in the middle chest region: at the initial examination - 91.4%, after 6 months - 5.8%. In the lower thoracic spine: during the initial examination - 32.6%, after 6 months - 7.9%.

Table 3 presents the study protocol of a clinical example M., 20 years old.

The proposed method allows you to effectively correct the asymmetry of the back muscles and train vestibular stability in athletes in the absence of the necessary biofeedback equipment. The BOS device in this method is used only to detect asymmetry and control asymmetry correction, as well as to confirm the reaction of the vestibular apparatus when performing stabilometry.

Claims (1)

A method of correcting the asymmetry of the back muscles in athletes, which consists in the fact that a combined exercise for the athlete’s musculoskeletal and vestibular apparatuses is introduced into their training program, in which the athlete takes the torso forward position at a right angle, removes one hand back to the lower back, and the second hand grabs the opposite ear crosswise in front and in the occupied position carries out 8-10 rotations around its axis at an average pace in an arbitrary direction, and then takes a vertical position and performs three times the maximum voltage of the extensor muscles of the back.

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