RU2603670C1 - Loose materials mixing gravity method and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to organizing materials mixing processes and can be used in various branches of national economy. Loose materials mixing gravity method includes their lifting to specified height and placement in loading bin, wherein each of mixed materials is placed in bin separate section, and mixing is performed with simultaneous discharge of mixed materials from bin with preservation of specified proportions, arrangement of flow and flow free falling to drive blades, and materials chaotic rotations during mixing occur due to rotation of blades. Loose materials mixing gravity method implementation device of consists of vertical loading bin in form of truncated axisymmetric cone with damper and discharge pipe, organizing flow, in which mixer vertical shaft with drive blades is attached, installed with possibility to convert mixed materials free fall kinetic energy into energy of rotation, wherein bin cavity is equipped with vertical partitions, made with possibility to adjust their position, and drive blades can have more than one tier.

EFFECT: invention enables bulk materials mixing without involvement of external energy sources.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The gravitational method of mixing bulk materials and a device for its implementation relates to the organization of processes and equipment for mixing materials and can be used in various sectors of the economy.

State of the art

A known method of preparing a mixture of bulk materials [see Prince Technological equipment for grain storage and processing enterprises / Ed. AND I. Sokolova. - M: Kolos, 1984, p. 207]. This method consists in the fact that all components are lifted and loaded into the mixer through the loading hole, then a forced working process follows - mixing, in which the blades repeatedly moves the components inside the mixer. Due to the circulation, the components are evenly distributed throughout the volume, after which the mixture is unloaded.

A known method of preparing a mixture of powdered and fine-grained bulk materials in a paddle mixer, including loading the components and their forced mixing due to the organization of the "piston" and shear movement of the particles of the components of the mixture with the blades and unloading the finished mixture, and the finished mixture is unloaded through the discharge hole in one of the extreme parts of the mixer, for which they organize the rotation of the blades, which are diametrically opposed in the same row of working bodies, at a different angle: angle from 0 ° to α = 180 ° -α _k, where α _k - critical rotation angle of 60-70 °, and their opposite blades at an angle from 0 ° to α _k [cm. patent No. 2398622 (RF), class B01F 7/04, (RF), 09/10/2010].

The closest in technical essence to the proposed method is the gravitational method of mixing bulk materials, extracted from the work of the gravitational concrete mixer, including lifting components. When the drum rotates, the components are picked up by the blades and dumped down with stirring during rotation [see D.P. Volkov and others. Construction vehicles. - M. Higher School, 1988, p. 240 pic. 7.1 and 7.2].

A known mixer for mixing bulk materials containing a cylindrical drum, inside of which a shaft is mounted cantilever with blades fixed to it, the shaft axis is offset from the axis of the drum, and on the inner surface of the drum there is a three-way screw auger having gaps in the planes of rotation of the blades of the vertical shaft, the axis of the drum the mixer and the blade shaft are located at an angle to the horizontal, the blades located in the upper row of the shaft have a reverse installation angle relative to the lower blades poisons [see. patent No. 112643 (RF), class B01F 9/00, (RF), 01.20.2012].

Closest to the technical nature of the proposed device are a steam turbine or hydraulic turbine, which are rotationally driven by the action of the blades from outside liquid, steam, water [see Physical foundations of mechanics / S.E. Khaikin. - M .: Fizmatgiz, 1663, p. 540-541, fig. 309.310].

Disclosure of invention

The gravitational method of mixing bulk materials, including raising them to a predetermined height and placing them in a loading hopper, each of the mixed materials being placed in a separate compartment of the hopper, and mixing occurs at the same time that mixed materials flow out of the hopper while maintaining the specified proportions, organizing the flow and free flow drop drive blades, and the random rotation of materials during mixing occurs due to the rotation of the blades.

A device for implementing the gravitational method of mixing various bulk materials consists of a vertical loading hopper made in the form of a truncated axisymmetric cone, and a transition cross-section pipe with a cross-section equipped with a gate is rigidly fixed to the bottom of the hopper, and an outlet pipe organizing the flow is rigidly fixed to the pipe, in which the vertical shaft of the mixer is rotationally rotationally arranged and with blades fixed to the shaft and capable of reobrazovaniya kinetic energy of a free falling stream organized mixed material on the blade in the rotational energy of the vertical shaft mixer with a cavity of the hopper is provided with vertical partitions adapted to regulate their position by rotation about the vertical walls of the hopper axis and temporary fastening.

The drive blades mounted on the axis of rotation of the mixer may have several tiers, and the blades located below the drive blades may have a different geometry.

Mixing bulk materials is as follows.

In the vertical loading hopper, vertical partitions are installed and fixed, forming compartments, based on the required ratios of the mixed materials and the rate of expiration of each component from the holes in the hopper. The dimensions of the holes are determined by maintaining proportions while all components from the hopper are expiring. When the gate is closed, each compartment is filled with one component from among the mixed ones. Then the gate opens and the flow of mixed materials under the influence of gravity falls down along the exhaust pipe organizing the flow, falling on the drive blades. When the flow interacts with the drive vanes, a horizontal component arises on each of them, generating a torque, which leads to rotation of the mixer shaft with the vanes mounted on it, which together with the drive vanes carry out mixing.

The speed of rotation of the blades (mixer performance) is determined by the height of the fall of bulk materials and the geometry of the drive blades, and the number of tiers and the shape of the blades determines the quality of the result.

The present invention is economical, since it does not require the use of external energy sources and can be used in agricultural production, including in farms.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a device.

In FIG. 2 shows the driving blades.

In FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a mixing paddle.

In FIG. 4 shows a vertical partition.

In FIG. 5 shows an arrangement of partitions in a plan.

The implementation of the invention

The gravitational method of mixing bulk materials, including raising them to a predetermined height and placing them in a loading hopper, each of the mixed materials being placed in a separate compartment of the hopper, and mixing occurs while the mixed materials flow out of the hopper while maintaining the specified proportions, organizing the current flow and free fall flow to the drive blades, and the random rotation of materials during mixing occurs due to the rotation of the blades.

A device for implementing the gravitational method of mixing various bulk materials (Fig. 1) consists of a vertical loading hopper 1, made in the form of a truncated axisymmetric cone, to the lower part of which a transition pipe of square cross section 2, equipped with a gate 3, is rigidly fixed, and an organizer is fixed to the pipe flow outlet pipe 4, in which bolts 5 are fixed two spaced apart in height guide rails 6 and 7 with axial holes in which the vertical shaft of the mixer 8 is placed with the same a washer 9 firmly fixed on it at the top, preventing the shaft from falling down, on which hollow cylindrical elements 12 are mounted and bolted to the shaft with bolts 10 with locknuts 11, with plates 13 rigidly fixed to them, for example, by forming driving blades and mixing blades, and above the drive blades 14 are placed with the inclination of the plates 13, made for rotation during the interaction of the plates 13 with a falling flow of bulk materials, and the mixing blades 15 are made with the opposite direction of the plates 13 and placed on the shaft under the blades 14, the mixing blades 16 with the vertical position of the plates 13 are placed on the shaft below the blades 15, and in the cavity of the hopper 1 there are vertical trapezoidal partitions 17, mating with the geometry of the loading hopper, provided with eyes 18, worn on the axial vertical rod 19 with stops at the top and bottom, for example, with the upper 20 and lower 21 nuts, and on the periphery of the upper edges of the partitions, locking devices 22 with screws 23 are rigidly connected to them.

All contacting surfaces of rotation are provided with antifriction coatings, antifriction washers, gaskets, for example, of Teflon.

The number of tiers with drive blades may be more than one (not shown).

In FIG. shows a mixer with three tiers of blades, the upper tier contains drive blades 14, providing rotation of the vertical shaft 8, the two lower tiers with mixing blades 15 and 16 - designed only for mixing components.

Mixing bulk materials is as follows.

The mixer is installed and fixed on a rigid rod frame 25 (Fig. 1). In the vertical loading hopper 1, partitions 17 are installed, forming compartments, based on the required ratios of the mixed materials and the rate of expiration of each component from the holes in the hopper. The position of these partitions is fixed by locking devices 22 and screws 23, twisting them all the way with the wall of the hopper (Fig. 5). Preliminarily, the dimensions of the compartments are determined by the area of the outlet openings formed after the installation of the partitions 17 while maintaining the required proportions while all components from the compartments of the hopper expire. When the gate 3 is closed, each compartment is filled with one component from among the mixed ones. Then the gate 3 is opened and the flow of mixed materials under gravity falls down the exhaust pipe 4 organizing the flow, falling down onto the drive vanes 14. When the stream interacts with the drive vanes 14, a horizontal component arises, generating a torque, which leads to rotation of the vertical shaft of the mixer 8 with fixed on it the mixing blades 15 and 16, which together with the drive blades 14 and carry out the mixing.

The mixed product 24 comes from the exhaust pipe 4 into the container (bag) 26. Mixing can be carried out in batches and continuously. In the first case, after emptying the loaded hopper, the gate 3 closes and the operation of loading the hopper with the initial components and mixing them is repeated. In the second - loading of compartments (adding components) is carried out without interruption of work.

The speed of rotation of the blades (mixer performance) is determined by the height of the fall of bulk materials and the geometry of the drive blades, and the number of tiers and the shape of the blades of each tier determines the quality of the result.

The present invention is economical, since it does not require the use of external energy sources and can be used in agricultural production, including in farms.

Claims (3)

1. The gravitational method of mixing bulk materials, including raising them to a predetermined height and placing them in a loading hopper, characterized in that each of the mixed materials is placed in a separate compartment of the hopper, and mixing occurs while the mixed materials from the hopper are preserved while maintaining the given proportions, organization the flow of mixed materials and the free fall of the flow on the drive blades, and the random movement of materials during mixing occurs due to the rotation of the blades. 2. A device for implementing the gravitational method of mixing various bulk materials, including a vertical shaft, a vertical hopper, made in the form of a truncated axisymmetric cone with a gate and blades mounted on a vertical shaft, characterized in that the transition pipe of square cross section is rigidly fixed to the bottom of the hopper equipped with a gate, the outlet pipe organizing the flow is rigidly fixed to the nozzle, in which the vertical shaft of the mixer with an axial axis is symmetrically fixed drive blades replicated to it, made with the possibility of converting the kinetic energy of the free fall of the organized flow of mixed materials onto the drive blades into rotational energy of a vertical shaft, the hopper cavity being provided with vertical partitions made with the possibility of regulating their position by turning the partitions relative to the vertical axis of the hopper and temporarily fixing . 3. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that on the vertical shaft of the mixer can be placed more than one, for example, two tiers of drive blades.

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