RU2603575C1 - Device for intensification of external air heating - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to air ventilation and conditioning and can be used in ventilation systems with cold air supply directly to the room through ventilation openings. Device for intensification of external air heating with spatial structure, which consists of pins for connecting to plenum opening or unified air-valve with loop for attaching device in space; plates for regenerative heat exchange and separation of flows of hot and cold air into layers. Separation plates are oriented horizontally and fan out upwards; there are guide louvers, condensate drain union, and no vertical sidewalls.

EFFECT: use of the given invention will allow to avoid overheating of the upper part of the room and exclude freezing of equipment at the floor level.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for ventilation and air conditioning and can be used in ventilation systems with the supply of cold air directly to the room through the ventilation openings.

A device for mixing heated and cold air, including a box with holes, the side walls of which are made with guide plates, between them are mounted nozzles attached to the bottom of the box under each of the holes [RU 290154 A1, IPC6 F24F 13/04, publ. 01/01/1971].

The closest analogue is a device for mixing heated and cold air, where a strip is attached to the lower parts of the plates and nozzles, and pivoting flaps are installed in a plane perpendicular to the strip and passing through the nozzle outlet openings, one of which is placed in the nozzle outlet openings, and others between them [RU 688786 A2, IPC5 F24F 13/03, publ. 09/30/1979].

The disadvantage of analog and prototype is the need to connect the inlet ducts of hot and cold air. In the presented installations, there is a narrowing of the section of the supply ducts, as a result, increased aerodynamic drags. There is no possibility to change the direction of movement of the mixed air flow.

The objective of the invention is to provide the most complete mixing of cold outside and hot air from a fan heater and, as a result, increase the intensification of heating of outdoor air.

The application of this invention will allow to obtain the following technical result: operation of the boiler with design efficiency, energy-efficient operation of the boiler ventilation system, the absence of overheating of the upper part of the room, elimination of the possibility of freezing equipment at the mark on the floor of the boiler room, reduction of operating costs of the ventilation system.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for intensifying the heating of external air has a spatial structure, which consists of studs for connecting the device to the supply aperture or the HLF with the device mounting loop in space, dividing plates for regenerative heat transfer and separation of the flows of hot and cold air into layers, where the separation plates are oriented horizontally with a fan opening upwards, guide louvers are provided, a condensate drain fitting.

The use of this invention has several advantages:

1. There is no need for inlet ducts, although the invention can also be used with inlet ducts.

2. Due to the fan layout of the separation plates with minimal dimensions, the cross-sectional area of the supply opening does not decrease. Also, the layout of the apparatus does not reduce the cross section of the flow of hot air.

3. Higher area of regenerative heat transfer.

4. The ability to change the direction of the total air flow in the range from 0 to 90 °.

5. The ability to collect and drain condensate.

6. Due to the organization of air flows parallel to the dividing plates, aerodynamic drags are minimized.

In FIG. 1 shows an application of a device for installation in a ventilation system of block automated boiler rooms.

In FIG. 2 shows a general view of the device.

In FIG. 3 shows sections explaining the principle of operation of the invention, indicating air flows, their directions and zones of the working volume of the invention.

The invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of air heating systems of automated block boiler houses. In such rooms, air enters through the ventilation openings in the wall 2 under the action of the vacuum created by the blower, without preheating at a speed of 1-1.5 m / s and a negative temperature. The invention is mounted on the inside of the room on an insulated ventilation valve (HVA) 3 mounted on a ventilation opening. The main idea on which the invention is based is to divide the total flow into alternating layers of hot and cold air, thereby mixing them. The incoming air is divided by metal partitions 4 into two zones: in the first zone only hot air moves from the fan heater 1, in the second zone both hot and cold air move. After passing through the HLV 3, the outside air enters the device for intensifying the heating of the outside air, where the total flow, being divided by partitions 4 into horizontal layers, enters only the second zone. Fan heater 1, working on the principle of a thermal curtain, creates a stream of hot air directed perpendicular to the layers of cold air. Hot air from the fan is supplied to both the first and second zones.

The principle of air movement in the second zone is similar to the principle of operation of an air heating system based on fan heaters, when due to the speed of movement and the difference in densities, the flows are partially mixed in the contact zone and change their direction. Thus, the cold stream exits from the opposite side of the fan, where it is picked up by hot air from the first zone. After the device, the total flow is divided into horizontal layers of hot and cold air, which mix rapidly.

Metal dividing walls 4 not only separate streams, but also work as the walls of a recuperator, contributing to additional heating of cold air. The arrangement of the layers is chosen so that the total flow is divided into alternating layers of hot and cold air. In this case, only the layer of hot air is selected as the lower layer in order to avoid the ingress of cold air with a higher density into the lower part of the room. Since the device is intended for use in rooms with obvious excesses of heat, where the upper part of the room is the most heated, the shape of the partitions is fan-shaped with an opening upwards. This form will allow us to direct the flow of incoming air into the zone with heat surpluses and assimilate them, which meets the principles of energy conservation and is relevant in operating modes with the fan heaters off. The device occupies a minimum size, while not requiring an increase in the cross-sectional area of the supply opening and without reducing it. Small angles of inclination of the metal partitions 4 and the movement of air parallel to the partitions minimize aerodynamic drag. To attach the structure to the air inlet, studs 5 with nuts are provided, and fastening loops 6 are provided for attaching the box. The design has a wide range of flow rates and temperatures in which the invention can be applied. The angle of inclination and the cross-sectional area of the first and second zones may vary in the constructions of the invention depending on the required parameters of the installation. The air flow in the first zone does not change direction. Therefore, in order to maximize the use of heat from the fan heater 1, to improve the quality of air mixing and to prevent the ingress of cold air into the lower part of the room, metal guide louvers 7 are provided, which are set in the direction of the general flow. Thus, the layers of the first zone also move in the direction of the general flow.

The design of the invention provides a fitting for draining the condensate 8.

At low flow rates or, if necessary, direct the flow along the axis of the supply opening, it is possible to provide a plug on the wall opposite to the fan heater 1, instead of the metal guide louvers 7, which direct the flow of the first zone in the direction of the general mixed air flow. Angle α, FIG. 3 is determined by the following formula:

where α is the angle of deviation of the total flow from the direction of movement of hot air;

L _m.v. - volumetric flow rate of hot air in the second zone, m ³ / s;

L _h.v. - volumetric flow rate of cold air in the second zone, m ³ / s;

ρ _m.v. - density of hot air, kg / m ³ ;

ρ _h.v. - the density of cold air, kg / m ³ .

The area of the second zone, blown by the fan heater, must be with the area of the supply air in the following ratio:

where α is the desired angle of deviation of the total flow from the direction of movement of hot air,

υ _m.y. - the speed of hot air in the second zone, m / s;

υ _h.v. - the speed of cold air in the second zone, m / s;

S ₂ - the area of the second zone blown by the fan heater, m ² ;

S _CR - the supply air area, m ² .

The thermal power of the fan heater is calculated by the formula:

Q _a = cG (t -t _{Present vn.v)}

where Q _to - thermal power required for heating the air, kW;

c is the heat capacity of air, kJ / kg ° C;

t _present - calculated outdoor temperature, ° C;

t _int - calculated internal air temperature, ° C.

The design of the invention is universal and can be used in various options for installing a fan heater and various rooms for its intended purpose.

This system is easy to operate, safe, reliable and requires low capital and operating costs. When the temperature of use of the invention is up to minus 50 ° C, there is no need to install preheating with an electric air heater.

Claims (1)

A device for intensifying the heating of external air, having a spatial structure, which consists of studs for connecting the device to the supply aperture or HLW, a loop for attaching the device in space, separation plates for regenerative heat transfer and separation of the flows of hot and cold air into layers, characterized in that the separation the plates are oriented horizontally with a fan opening upwards, guide shutters are provided, a condensate drain fitting.

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