RU2603464C1 - Tooth paste with nanodiamonds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hygiene.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to toothpaste containing a thickening agent, filler, moisturizer, abrasive and a base - purified water, and as a moisturizing component use glycerin, as a thickener - monocrystalline cellulose, and as a filler - zinc oxide, as an abrasive - nanodiamonds, components are taken in the following ratio, wt%: thickener - microcrystalline cellulose 17.91-17.56; filler - zinc oxide 17.91-17.56; moisturizer - glycerine 11.94-11.70; base - purified water 51.74-50.68; abrasive - nanodiamonds 0.5-2.5.

EFFECT: invention provides creation of toothpaste comprising an abrasive with a controlled degree of abrasion, having favorable properties when used in oral cavity and providing high cleaning capacity and indifference relative to other components of a tooth paste.

1 cl

Description

1. The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to the field of dentistry and relates to the prevention of diseases, oral hygiene. The abrasiveness of toothpastes is the result of the presence of abrasives such as silicon dioxide, calcium phosphate, aluminum dioxide or other solid particles in toothpastes that mechanically remove deposits and films from the teeth. The role of the abrasive-polishing component of toothpastes in maintaining good dental hygiene is quite large, since any toothpaste contains from 20% to 40% of abrasive (polishing) components that eliminate bacterial plaque and food debris. However, it is generally recognized that low-quality abrasive components, such as aluminum compounds, precipitated chalk, silicon compounds, injure tooth enamel due to uncontrolled abrasion and contribute to tooth decay. The coarser the abrasive used in toothpaste, the more traumatic it is for oral tissue and especially for tooth enamel.

2. The level of technology

A known oral care composition comprising an orally acceptable carrier and a precipitated silica abrasive comprising a silica compound having an average particle size of 5 to 20 μm and an Einlechner hardness of 4 to 11, and where the average particle size of said precipitated silicon dioxide abrasive is reduced by 16-20% after application to a solid surface in the oral cavity. The composition provides an excellent cleaning and / or polishing effect while minimizing potential damage to the enamel or dentin, as well as reducing tooth sensitivity. This invention is based on data that silicon can be used as an abrasive in hygiene compositions for dental care [RU 2465887 C2, 10.11.2012].

A known composition containing a fluoride salt, which provides from about 1 ppm to about 3000 ppm by weight of a fluoride ion, an abrasive polishing material, and one or more aqueous carriers. The dentifrice composition has a pH of about 8 or higher at 25 ° C. The composition has improved stability due to better compatibility of talc with fluoride and, thus, provides anti-caries efficacy [RU 2292869 C2, 07/10/2007]. The abrasive polishing materials used in the known invention can be selected from any material that does not excessively abrade dentin. The abrasive polishing material preferably has a calcium content of less than about 23%. Typical abrasive polishing materials include silica, including gels and precipitates; aluminum oxides; phosphates, including orthophosphates, polymetaphosphates and pyrophosphates, and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred examples of abrasive polishing materials used include silica, dicalcium orthophosphate dihydrate, calcium pyrophosphate, tricalcium phosphate, calcium polymethophosphate, insoluble sodium polymethophosphate, hydrated alumina, beta-calcium pyrophosphate, calcium formate, tar-formate, alumina, insoluble sodium metaphosphate and others. Mixtures of abrasives may also be used. Silicon dioxide based dental abrasives are particularly preferred due to their unique strengths - their exceptional ability to clean and polish teeth without the unwanted abrasion of tooth enamel or dentin. Silicon dioxide abrasive polishing materials, as well as other abrasives, typically have an average particle size in the range between about 0.1 and 30 microns, and preferably from about 5 to about 15 microns. The abrasive in dentifrice compositions is typically present at a level of from about 5 to about 50% by weight of the composition, preferably from about 7 to about 30% of the abrasive by weight of the oral composition.

Known toothpaste on a chalk basis, including the basic components: chalk (abrasive), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (builder), glycerin (moisturizer), sodium lauryl sulfate (surfactant); Vitamin supplement - Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) and biologically active components of plant origin: СО _{2 -} Laurel extract and СО _{2 -} Extract of the raw mix of calendula, rice waste and carrot seeds. In addition, toothpaste contains calcium glycerophosphate, which helps strengthen tooth enamel. Toothpaste also contains functional additives and water [RU 2014829 C1, 06/30/1994]. The presence of a whole complex of useful substances in the composition of the toothpaste under consideration provides effective protection of teeth and periodontal tissues. This toothpaste is taken as a prototype.

3. The invention

Abrasiveness of toothpaste is determined by:

abrasive component included in its composition;

particle size of the abrasive component;

purpose of the paste (for smokers, sensitive teeth, etc.).

Recently, the most common abrasives are silicon compounds, which are easier to enter into the composition of toothpastes, easier to process, and they themselves are neutral with respect to other components that make up toothpastes, but against the background of these qualities have quite aggressive abrasive properties. Chalk makes it difficult to introduce many active ingredients and therapeutic additives, for example, fluorine compounds, into toothpastes. Due to it, the activity of many components of toothpastes can be reduced several times. It is too abrasive, and this is one of the reasons for the gradual rejection of its use in toothpastes, produced by the world's leading manufacturers of oral hygiene products. Recently, two types of abrasive have been combined in pastes: calcium carbonate and one of the silicon compounds. Aluminum compounds are highly abrasive components that are most commonly used in toothpastes for smokers. Oral hygiene products with a high degree of abrasion lead to the erasure of hard tissues of the tooth, and therefore, to an increase in the likelihood of tooth decay.

An effective dentifrice should maximize the removal of various deposits, including film deposits. The abrasive used in such preparations must not damage the gums or hard tissues of the teeth due to abrasion or demineralization of the hard tissues of the teeth. The need for abrasives for use in toothpastes that provide the necessary cleaning requirements, including the removal of a thin film of deposits and / or the suppression of tartar formation in combination with acceptable or improved levels of abrasiveness, is still relevant.

The technical result of the invention is to create a toothpaste, including an abrasive with a controlled degree of abrasion, which has sparing properties when applied in the oral cavity and provides high cleaning ability and indifference to other components of the toothpaste.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the toothpaste contains a thickener, filler, moisturizing component, abrasive and the base is purified water, while glycerin is used as a moisturizing component, monocrystalline cellulose is used as a thickener, zinc oxide is used as a filler, and abrasive - nanodiamonds, while the components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:

thickener - microcrystalline cellulose 17.91-17.56;

filler - zinc oxide 17.91-17.56;

moisturizing component - glycerin 11.94-11.70;

basis - purified water 51.74-50.68;

abrasive - nanodiamonds 0.5-2.5.

The present invention is based on the evidence that detonation synthesis nanodiamonds can be used as an abrasive in oral hygiene compositions, including compositions suitable for use as dentifrice compositions.

In this regard, the technological formula of a hygienic oral care product based on detonation synthesis nanodiamonds has been developed.

Nanodiamond is a carbon nanostructure. It has a diamond-type crystal lattice (two fcc shifted relative to each other by 1/4 of the main diagonal). The characteristic size of one nanocrystal is 10-100 angstroms. Nanodiamonds or ultrafine diamonds can be considered as a specific nanocarbon material, which is part of an extensive and increasingly popular family of nanocarbon clusters, consisting of fullerenes, nanotubes, nanographite, and onion-shaped carbon.

Diamond particles have unique various physicochemical properties. The properties of nanodiamonds substantially depend on the preparation method. In the production of the used nanodiamonds, detonation technology with negative oxygen balance (usually TNT-hexogen mixtures taken in certain proportions) and further chemical purification of detonation products are used. During the detonation of TNT-hexogen, a pressure of 16 to 23 GPa is created and a temperature above 3000 K, which is close to the conditions of thermodynamic stability of atoms. Such conditions during the propagation of the detonation wave remain for about 300 nanoseconds, and during this time diamond crystals are formed with a narrow particle size distribution.

As a rule, the size of nanodiamond particles is 3-10 nanometers, depending on the conditions of the synthesis process. Along with the fact that nanodiamonds in this size range are a very stable carbon compound, their surface is highly active due to functional groups, and the properties of the diamond particles themselves depend on the chemical state of these groups. Mostly the two main properties of nanodiamonds, namely the small size and very high surface activity, determine their properties to modify the various materials in which they are distributed, changing the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the materials themselves.

In the experiments on extracted teeth, rats, and guinea pigs, modified detonation nanodiamonds obtained by the technology developed at the Institute of Biophysics SB RAS (Krasnoyarsk) and adapted for medical and biological studies were used as an abrasive component. The initial raw material for their production was nanodiamonds produced by the Altai Federal State Unitary Enterprise (Biysk).

Characteristics of the basis of toothpaste

Moisturizing component

The most important function of the moisturizing component is to retain moisture when toothpaste gets into the air, which protects the toothpaste from hardening. Another important function of the humidifier is to lower the freezing temperature of toothpaste, which protects the paste during storage at low temperature and helps to restore the properties of the paste after exposure to temperatures. When the paste freezes and then melts, it loses its consistency and liquid separation occurs (syneresis). Humidifiers used in toothpaste: glycerin, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol, xylitol, 1,2 propylene glycol. The experiment used distilled glycerin manufactured by NEFIS Cosmetics OJSC PK-94 GOST 6824-96 PARTIA 40, release date February 27, 2007, shelf life 5 years.

Purified water

In the research process, the use of purified water is colorless, transparent, liquid without taste and odor that meets the requirements of FS 42-2619-97. Obtained by distillation in a special apparatus - distiller.

Thickener

The thickening substance in this work was microcrystalline cellulose, manufactured by ZAO Evalar, white tablets with a creamy tint, without impurities, and odorless.

Filler

Zinc oxide is an odorless white amorphous powder. The molecular weight is 81.37 g / mol, density 5.5-5.6 g / cm ³ . The experiment used zinc oxide produced by Delta-Orion LLC, Moscow TU 2611-005-18276027-08, lot No. 100908. Date of manufacture September 2010. Shelf life 2 years.

Toothpaste has a concentration of nanodiamonds of 0.5%; one%; 1.5%; 2%; 2.5%.

Detonation nanodiamonds on the surface contain a large number of different chemical groups (carboxyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, etc.). These groups have high sorption properties with respect to biological macromolecules, metal ions, and various chemical compounds, which makes it possible to use them for cleaning teeth.

The degree of abrasion is controlled by five different types of concentration from the weakest 0.5% (recommended for patients with hypersensitivity, fine enamel, with mucosal injuries in the postoperative period, etc.) to 2.5% (smokers, poor oral hygiene etc.) The manufactured toothpastes with different concentrations of nanodiamonds meet the basic requirements for toothpastes: they have the necessary viscosity for convenient extrusion from the tube and applying toothpaste to the toothbrush. Due to the optimal viscosity, the paste is held on the surface of the bristles of the toothbrush, without penetrating deep into the bristles. They have a pH level close to neutral, which corresponds to the pH level in the oral cavity and makes the manufactured toothpaste comfortable for use. They have optimal organoleptic characteristics.

Toothpastes with different concentrations can be used for various dental purposes: with a low concentration of nanodiamonds as a daily care product for the oral cavity, with a high concentration of nanodiamonds for professional removal of mineralized plaque from the surface of the teeth.

Based on the abrasiveness of the added particles, the toothpaste may have a high and medium degree of abrasiveness, as well as possess a polishing ability.

When using the composition of the toothpaste, the following focus is realized:

- conducting professional oral hygiene,

- removal of tooth deposits,

- final polishing of fillings,

- cleaning dentures,

- polishing dentures (final processing).

Claims (1)

Toothpaste containing a thickener, filler, moisturizing component, abrasive and base - purified water, characterized in that glycerin is used as a moisturizing component, monocrystalline cellulose is a thickener, zinc oxide is a filler, nanodiamonds are an abrasive, and this components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:
thickener - microcrystalline cellulose 17.91-17.56;
filler - zinc oxide 17.91-17.56;
moisturizing component - glycerin 11.94-11.70;
basis - purified water 51.74-50.68;
abrasive - nanodiamonds 0.5-2.5.