RU2603294C2 - Method for integral monitoring and diagnostics of control over safe operation of rolling stock and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: technical solution relates to railway automation and telemechanics. Method includes assessment of technical state of assemblies, units, subsystems, articles and the rolling stock in general at the stages of operation and repair, determining the type and hazard level of faults, generation and presentation to the personnel instructions for actions, elimination of detected faults and preventing leakage of hazardous state to the operation, formation of technical readiness reports, their automatic transfer and accumulation in the diagnostic network, formation of summary diagnostic information on the technical state of the rolling stock, its presentation to heads of operation and/or maintenance and implementation of integrated planning and management of operation and maintenance of the rolling stock. Device comprises computer means of monitoring and diagnosis equipped with an automatic expert system, a diagnostic network having a server with a single integrated database, workstations for heads of operation and/or repair and data terminals for repair personnel.

EFFECT: provided are safety, efficiency and uninterrupted operation of the rolling stocks.

5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of railway transport, in particular to methods for controlling the operation and repair of rolling stock based on real-time monitoring and diagnostics of the technical condition, designed to improve traffic safety and reduce operating costs.

A known method of controlling a complex railway system, for example, rolling stock (patent RU 2414371, IPC B61L 25/00, B61L 27/00, 03/20/2011), which consists in determining using a track equipment diagnostic tools for the critical parameter growth rate, mainly the axle box heating temperature characterizing the dangerous condition of the corresponding rolling stock node, transmitting information about the level of alarm using stationary means of radio communication of the railway infrastructure to information visualization and auto-driving devices rolling stock for decision making and / or automatic control of the high-speed mode of rolling stock.

The disadvantages of this method are:

- low reliability of the diagnosis of the dangerous state of rolling stock nodes in operation, associated with the generation of information exclusively of the “alarm” level at a late, actually critical stage of the development of a malfunction, the difficulty of interpreting information from visualization devices, due to the lack of direct instructions on the actions of the train crew, of a periodic nature transmitting information about the dangerous condition of the rolling stock site due to the significant length of the interval for obtaining such information from leaking equipment of a diagnostic tool that exceeds the minimum duration of a malfunction to a dangerous state;

- low diagnostic completeness associated with the assessment of the technical condition of exclusively axle boxes of rolling stock, while the safety of operation depends on the state of many other equally important components, such as: wheel sets, traction gears, traction motors, suspension elements and fastenings, pneumatic brake system, electric circuits of traction electric motors, auxiliary machines and equipment, as well as a number of other units, assemblies and subsystems;

- low effectiveness of measures to prevent the development of a dangerous condition or reduce the impact of a malfunction on the safety of operation of rolling stock, associated with the adoption of a decision only on the basis of information about the critical growth rate of the parameter and exceeding the set value;

- a high probability of missing the potentially dangerous condition of important components when the rolling stock is allowed to operate due to the lack of an objective assessment of their technical condition at the repair stage;

- insufficient stability of the transport system due to the lack of planning and management of the operation and repair of the rolling stock based on the assessment of the actual technical condition.

A known method of controlling a multi-level safety system in railway transport (patent RU 2397902, IPC B61L 25/00, B61L 27/00, 08/27/2010), which consists in the continuous monitoring of the status of the rolling stock subsystems responsible for its safety by comparing the values of the parameters their state with the expected values, the translation of the subsystems when identifying the unacceptable rolling stock safety conditions differences to a safe state with minimal performance and completeness of the functions performed and following transfer, upon receipt of authorization, to a state with higher allowable output up to the maximum possible positive results with diagnostic stability of its operation in this mode.

The disadvantages of this method are:

- low diagnostic completeness in terms of detecting the origin and development of malfunctions in the components and assemblies of the mechanical part of the rolling stock, electric machine units, while operation safety depends on the state of many components such as wheel sets, traction gearboxes, traction motors, suspension and mounting elements pneumatic brake system;

- a high probability of missing the potentially dangerous condition of important components when the rolling stock is allowed to operate due to the lack of an objective assessment of their technical condition at the repair stage;

- insufficient stability of the transport system due to the lack of planning and management of the operation and repair of the rolling stock based on the assessment of the actual technical condition.

The closest analogue adopted for the prototype is a method for monitoring the condition of rolling stock, implemented in a system for monitoring electric trains (patent RU 2386563, IPC B61L 25/00, B61L 3/00, 04/20/2010), which consists in measuring diagnostic signals simultaneously from all the most responsible nodes, aggregates and subsystems of rolling stock, identification of diagnostic signs, comparing their values with critical ones, assessment of the technical condition of nodes, aggregates, subsystems and rolling stock as a whole based on the results of the above-mentioned comparison ia, presenting the totality of this information to the train crew on the screen of the monitoring and diagnostic tool or portable terminal, transmitting information to the server and then through the diagnostic network to the workstations of operation and maintenance managers, on the basis of which the latter decide to conduct maintenance and repair of the faulty unit, the unit, subsystem or rolling stock as a whole, while all procedures are carried out directly at the operational stage of the rolling stock using a computer yuternogo monitoring and diagnostics disposed thereon.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- a high probability of missing the dangerous condition of the rolling stock into operation after repair due to the lack of diagnostic information about the technical condition of important components, assemblies, subsystems of rolling stock, its individual units, as well as rolling stock as a whole after the repair is completed;

- low efficiency of repair operations of units, assemblies, subsystems and units of rolling stock associated with the need to complete a full list of regulated repair and restoration work without taking into account the actual technical condition of a specific rolling stock, its individual unit, subsystem, unit or assembly;

- low efficiency of measures to prevent the development of a dangerous condition or reduce the impact of malfunctions on the safety of operation of rolling stock, as well as their maintenance and repair operations, associated with the lack of diagnostic information on the technical condition of rolling stock to the managers of the corresponding stages of the life cycle and, as a result, the inability to implement real-time monitoring of performance discipline, the complexity of effective planning and management of a rolling stock fleet Av.

The purpose of the proposed method and technical solution for its implementation is to increase the stability, efficiency, safety and continuity of the rolling stock by implementing integrated planning and management of the operation and repair of all units of the rolling stock based on monitoring and diagnosis of their technical condition at various stages of the life cycle.

The goal is a method of integrated monitoring and diagnostics of managing the safe operation of the rolling stock fleet, in which at the stage of operation of the rolling stock units using the computer monitoring and diagnostics tools located on them, diagnostic signals are measured, diagnostic signs are identified, their values are compared with critical and technical the state of nodes, assemblies, subsystems and rolling stock as a whole, represent the totality of this information train brief Ad on the screen, monitoring and diagnostic tools, transmit it to the server and present at the workstations operation and maintenance managers who decide to conduct maintenance and repair of the faulty unit, unit, subsystem or rolling stock as a whole, is achieved by the fact that automatically determine the type and level of danger of malfunctions of each operating unit of the rolling stock fleet, form instructions on the immediate immediate actions aimed at preventing development a passing condition and / or reducing the impact of a malfunction on the safety of operation of rolling stock, provide instructions to the train crew, automatically prepare acts of technical readiness of rolling stock units for a specified period of time, transmit and accumulate acts in the diagnostic network, automatically generate summary diagnostic information about the technical condition at the same time all units of the rolling stock in operation; at the repair stage, in the test cycle, using computer tools for monitoring and diagnostics, the type and level of danger of malfunctions of rolling stock units arriving and / or under repair are automatically determined, instructions for actions aimed at determining the actually required volume and the list of repair and restoration work are formed , the elimination of identified malfunctions and the prevention of the admission of the dangerous state of units, assemblies and subsystems of rolling stock units into operation, represent a decree to the repair personnel on the screen of the appropriate computer monitoring and diagnostic tool, they automatically prepare acts of technical readiness of the units, assemblies, subsystems and rolling stock units as a whole for the test cycle, transmit and accumulate acts in the diagnostic network, automatically generate summary diagnostic information about the technical condition of all at the same time units of the rolling stock in operation and / or repair and carry out integrated planning and operation management repair of the rolling stock fleet, as well as the fact that they simultaneously present diagnostic information on the technical condition of all units of the rolling stock fleet in operation, or acts of technical readiness for all or individual operating units on the screens of workstations of operation managers, present simultaneously diagnostic information on the technical condition all units of the rolling stock in operation and repair, or acts of technical readiness for all or separately on the operated and / or repaired units on the screens of workstations of repair managers, they document in the certificates of technical readiness of each unit of the rolling stock fleet a list of units, assemblies and subsystems diagnosed using appropriate computer monitoring and diagnostics, for each of which the values of diagnostic signs are indicated, the type and level of danger of the identified malfunctions, instructions for action, a conclusion on the need for a repair or approval for operation, while The manual is carried out using an integrated monitoring and diagnostic device for managing the safe operation of the rolling stock fleet, which contains computer monitoring and diagnostic tools used in the operation and repair of rolling stock units, and each computer monitoring and diagnostic tool is equipped with an automatic expert system that determines the type and level of danger malfunctions and formative instructions for action, outputs of computer monitoring and diagnostic units rolling stock, connected to the inputs of the diagnostic network containing the server, workstations of operation and / or repair managers and information terminals of the repair personnel, while the diagnostic network server includes a single integrated database that concentrates diagnostic information on the technical condition of units of the rolling stock on stages of operation and repair.

An analysis of the distinguishing features of the proposed method for integrated monitoring and diagnostics of managing the safe operation of the rolling stock fleet and the device for its implementation and the technical results provided by them showed:

- automatic assessment of the technical condition of critical components, assemblies, subsystems and units of rolling stock at the stages of operation and repair of the life cycle using computer-aided monitoring and diagnostics of the technical condition ensures high reliability of this assessment, as a result of which there is a low probability of missing the dangerous condition of the equipment as in operation after repair , and directly in operation, helps to improve the quality and reliability of rolling stock in repair and in operation and , as a result, provides an increase in the stability, safety and continuity of the rolling stock fleet as a whole;

- automatic determination of the type and level of danger of malfunctions, together with the formation of instructions for the actions of personnel and their submission to personnel, guarantee immediate information to the personnel and ease of interpretation of data on the technical condition, which increases the speed of response of personnel to a malfunction and, as a result, ensures the safety of operation, the rhythm and efficiency of repair operations, contributes to the automation of planning and operation and maintenance management processes rolling stock fleet;

- automatic generation of acts of technical readiness of each unit of the rolling stock fleet and documenting in them a list of components, assemblies and subsystems, the type and level of danger of the identified malfunctions, instructions for action and a conclusion on the need for commissioning for repair or approval for operation ensures control of personnel discipline, unambiguous reaction of the personnel, which, as a result, improves the quality of operation, maintenance and repair of rolling stock, increases stability, without danger and continuity of the rolling stock fleet;

- automatic accumulation in the diagnostic network of diagnostic information about the technical condition of all units of the rolling stock fleet at the stages of operation and repair, the formation on their basis of consolidated diagnostic information on the state of the rolling stock fleet as a whole and its submission to the personnel, services and managers responsible for safe operation and repair of rolling stock, provides the ability to effectively plan and manage the rolling stock fleet based on the actual technical condition improves control performance discipline;

- submission to the operation managers of diagnostic information about the technical condition at the same time of all units of the rolling stock fleet that are in operation, and to the managers of the repair of diagnostic information about the technical condition of simultaneously all units of the rolling stock fleet that are in operation and repair, reduces the information load on the respective managers, contributes to increase the efficiency and efficiency of decisions on the management of maintenance and repair rolling stock;

- automatic determination of the actually required volume and the list of repair and restoration works ensures the reduction of operating costs for the maintenance of the rolling stock fleet, reduces the duration and complexity of the work while improving their efficiency, which helps to improve the quality of operation, maintenance and repair of rolling stock units, and as a result, improving the sustainability, safety and continuity of the park as a whole;

- equipping computer monitoring and diagnostic tools with automatic expert systems ensures the prompt determination of the type and level of danger of the occurring malfunctions, as well as the formation of unambiguous instructions for the actions of personnel, which increases the speed of personnel response to a malfunction and, as a result, traffic safety in operation, rhythm and efficiency repair operations;

- connecting computer monitoring and diagnostic tools, a server, workstations of operation and / or repair managers and information terminals to the diagnostic network allows significant geographical removal of these devices from each other, which allows you to provide diagnostic information about the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet, their nodes , aggregates and subsystems at various levels of operation and / or repair control, provides the possibility of data backup, which increases the reliability of the device and the storage of diagnostic information on the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet at various stages of the life cycle;

- the presence of a single integrated database provides high reliability of storage of diagnostic information about the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet at various stages of the life cycle, quick access and lack of data loss, which increases the reliability and reliability of the device as a whole.

An analysis of the set of distinctive features showed that the proposed method for integrated monitoring and diagnostics of managing the safe operation of the rolling stock fleet and a device for its implementation provide increased completeness and objectivity of data on the technical condition of the rolling stock fleet, increase the reliability of storage and presentation of data responsible for the safe operation and maintenance of the fleet rolling stock, provide a high response rate of personnel to the malfunction that occurs о, as a result, provides increased stability, security and uninterrupted operation of the rolling stock fleet as a whole.

Thus, the proposed set of distinctive features, which provides the result, seems new at the existing stage of development of science and technology and exceeds the existing world level. The invention corresponds to the inventive step, since the achieved result is not obvious and is determined not only by the sum of the distinguishing features, but also by the result of their close interaction with each other.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1-fig. 5, as well as the drawings in Appendices 1-6, which are reflected in:

- Appendix 1 - patent RU 87935, MKPO 14-02 from 02.16.2014;

- applications 2, 6 - patent RU 84436, MKPO 14-02, 14-04 from 02.16.2013;

- Appendix 3 - application for a patent for an industrial design No. 2012 502847, MKPO 14-02, positive decision of 02.27.2014;

- Annexes 4, 5 - patent RU 2386943, IPC G01M 17/08 from 04/20/2010.

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device with which an integrated monitoring and diagnostic method for managing the safe operation of a rolling stock fleet is implemented.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows an example of the act of technical readiness of an individual unit of rolling stock that is at the operational stage, namely, the act of technical readiness of a motor car of an electric train.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows an example of a screen for presenting diagnostic information about the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet under operation for operation managers in the form of a list of acts of technical readiness of units of rolling stock.

In FIG. Figure 4 shows an example of a screen for presenting summary diagnostic information about the technical condition of a rolling stock fleet unit at a specified interval of operation at the operational stage for operation managers in the form of an act of technical readiness of the rolling stock.

In FIG. Figure 5 shows an example of a screen for presenting diagnostic information about the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet at the stages of operation and repair for repair managers in the form of a list of acts of technical readiness of units, assemblies, subsystems and units of rolling stock.

The figure in Appendix 1 shows the diagnostic part of the information field of the screen interface of a computer monitoring and diagnostics tool located in the driver’s cab of a rolling stock unit under operation (see patent RU 87935, MKPO 14-02 dated February 16, 2014).

The figure in Appendix 2 shows the interface of the screen for presenting summary diagnostic information about the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet at the operational stage, for operation managers (see patent RU 84436, MKPO 14-02, 14-04 of 02.16.2013).

The figure in Appendix 3 shows a screen interface option for a computer tool for monitoring and diagnosing a rolling stock unit that is under repair (see patent application for industrial design No. 2012 502847, MKPO 14-02, positive decision of 02.27.2014), namely interface of the screen of the subsystem for diagnostics of auxiliary electric circuits of the system for the integrated diagnostics of electric sections of rolling stock.

The figure in Appendix 4 shows an example of an act of technical readiness of a subsystem of a rolling stock unit under repair, namely, an act of technical readiness of insulation of electric circuits of an electric train section (see patent RU 2386943, IPC G01M 17/08 of 04/20/2010).

The figure in Appendix 5 shows an example of an act of technical readiness of a rolling stock unit under repair, namely, an act of technical readiness of an electric train section (see patent RU 2386943, IPC G01M 17/08 of 04/20/2010).

The figure in Appendix 6 shows the screen interface for the presentation of summary diagnostic information on the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet at the stages of operation and repair for repair managers (see patent RU 84436, MKPO 14-02, 14-04 of 02.16.2013).

In FIG. 1 marked:

1, 2 - operation and repair units operating at the stages of operation and repair of rolling stock, respectively;

3, 4 - units of rolling stock at the stages of operation and repair, respectively;

5 - computer monitoring and diagnostic tools located on the rolling stock units at the operational stage;

6 - computer monitoring and diagnostic tools used in the test cycle of units of rolling stock at the repair stage;

7, 8 - screens of computer tools for monitoring and diagnostics of rolling stock units at the stages of operation and repair, respectively;

9, 10 - automatic expert systems included in computer tools for monitoring and diagnostics of rolling stock units at the stages of operation and repair, respectively;

11 - diagnostic network;

12 - server diagnostic network;

13 - a single integrated database of the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet;

14, 15 - workstations of managers of operation and / or repair of rolling stock;

16 - information terminals of repair personnel.

In FIG. 2 are indicated:

17 - general identification data of the act of technical readiness and units of rolling stock;

18 - identification data of the operating interval of a rolling stock unit for which an act of technical readiness has been formed;

19 is a list of units, assemblies, and subsystems of a rolling stock unit;

20 - symbols and units of measurement of diagnostic signs;

21 - numerical values of diagnostic features;

22 - code of instructions for action;

23 - hazard level indicator of a detected malfunction;

24 - decryption of codes of instructions for action;

25 - summary conclusion on the unit of rolling stock.

In FIG. 3 are indicated:

26 - elements for selecting a mode for presenting diagnostic information;

27 - symbols of acts of technical readiness;

28 - identification data of the act of technical readiness (act number);

29 - identification data of the act of technical readiness (date of formation of the act);

30 - symbol of the technical condition of the corresponding unit of rolling stock (DOP - status "Permissible"; TPM - status "Requires action"; NDP - status "Inadmissible");

31 is a pointer to the presence of faulty measuring channels of a computer tool for monitoring and diagnosing a given unit of rolling stock;

32 - identification data of a computer tool for monitoring and diagnostics (name and number of units of the rolling stock fleet on which the tool is installed - for units of the rolling stock fleet under operation);

33 - general identification data of a subsystem or unit of rolling stock (symbol of a subsystem or name of a unit of rolling stock);

34 - identification data of a subsystem or unit of rolling stock (name of the subsystem or type of unit of rolling stock);

35 - identification data of a rolling stock unit (rolling stock unit number).

In FIG. 4 are indicated:

17 - general identification data of the act of technical readiness and units of rolling stock;

18 - identification data of the operating interval of a rolling stock unit for which an act of technical readiness has been formed;

22 - code of instructions for action;

23 - hazard level indicator of a detected malfunction;

24 - decryption of codes of instructions for action;

25 - summary conclusions on units of rolling stock;

26 - elements for selecting a mode for presenting diagnostic information;

36 - identification data of a rolling stock unit (name and conditional number of a rolling stock unit with the number of the last act of technical readiness);

37 - symbol of faulty units, assemblies and subsystems of the corresponding units of the rolling stock;

38 - summary report on the rolling stock unit.

In FIG. 5 are indicated:

26 - elements for selecting a mode for presenting diagnostic information;

27 - symbols of acts of technical readiness;

28 - identification data of the act of technical readiness (act number);

29 - identification data of the act of technical readiness (date of formation of the act);

30 is a symbol for the technical condition of the corresponding unit, aggregate of a subsystem or unit of rolling stock;

31 is a pointer to the presence of faulty measuring channels of a computer tool for monitoring and diagnosing a given unit of rolling stock;

32 - identification data of a computer tool for monitoring and diagnostics (name and number of the rolling stock fleet unit on which the vehicle is installed - for units of the rolling stock fleet in operation; name of the tool used in testing the corresponding unit, assembly, subsystem or rolling stock unit located under repair);

33 - general identification data of a subsystem or unit of rolling stock (symbol of a unit, aggregate, subsystem or name of a unit of rolling stock);

34 - identification data of the unit, unit, subsystem or unit, rolling stock (conventional number and designation of the unit or unit, name of the subsystem or type of unit of rolling stock);

35 - identification data of the rolling stock unit (number of the rolling stock unit to which the tested unit, assembly or subsystem belongs);

39 - identification data of the personnel performing the testing of the unit, assembly, subsystem or unit of rolling stock using the appropriate computer monitoring and diagnostic tools;

40 - the name of the test cycle of units, assemblies, subsystems of a rolling stock unit.

In the figure in Appendix 1 are indicated:

41 - indicator of the danger level of the detected malfunction;

42 - identification data of the faulty unit, aggregate, subsystem of the rolling stock unit at the operational stage (symbol);

43 - the detailed name of the faulty unit, unit, subsystem of the rolling stock unit at the operational stage;

44 - the name of the instructions for the actions of personnel in the usual terms of the technological processes of operation and repair.

In the figure in Appendix 2 are indicated:

26 - elements for selecting a mode for presenting diagnostic information;

32 - identification data of a computer tool for monitoring and diagnostics (name and number of units of the rolling stock fleet on which the tool is installed);

45 - symbol of units of the rolling stock in operation;

46 - identification data of the fleet to which this rolling stock belongs;

47 - identification data of a subsystem or unit of rolling stock (name of the subsystem or type of unit of rolling stock) indicating the number of the last act of technical readiness characterizing the technical condition of the corresponding unit of rolling stock at the current time;

48 - summary statistical diagnostic information about the technical condition of the corresponding unit of the rolling stock fleet during the entire period of operation at the operation stage.

In the figure in Appendix 3 are indicated:

26 - elements for selecting a mode for presenting diagnostic information;

49 - symbols of the subsystems of the rolling stock unit, tested using the appropriate computer monitoring and diagnostic tools;

50 - a pointer to the selection of the displayed subsystem of the rolling stock unit, tested using the appropriate computer monitoring and diagnostic tools;

51 - control elements for the testing process of the subsystem of a rolling stock unit;

52 - symbols of groups of units and assemblies included in the selected subsystem of the rolling stock unit;

53 - symbols of diagnostic signs for the selected group of units and assemblies included in the selected subsystem of the rolling stock unit;

54 - units for measuring diagnostic features;

55 - numerical values of the critical boundaries of diagnostic signs with level indicators;

56 - numerical values of diagnostic features;

57 - general identification data of the act of technical readiness and units of rolling stock (number of the next act of technical readiness, series name, number and type of unit of rolling stock);

58 - the name of the instructions for the actions of personnel in the usual terms of the repair process.

In the figure in Appendix 4 are indicated:

17 - general identification data of the act of technical readiness and units of rolling stock;

23 - hazard level indicators of the identified malfunction;

39 - identification data of the personnel performing the testing of the unit, assembly, subsystem or unit of rolling stock using the appropriate computer monitoring and diagnostic tools;

52 - a list of groups of elements, components and assemblies that are part of the corresponding subsystem of a rolling stock unit;

58 - the name of the instructions for the actions of personnel in the usual terms of the repair process;

59 - names and symbols of diagnostic signs;

60 - units for measuring diagnostic features;

61 - numerical values of diagnostic features obtained in the current tests;

62 - numerical values of diagnostic features obtained in previous tests;

63 is a summary conclusion on the subsystem of the rolling stock unit.

In the figure in Appendix 5 are indicated:

17 - general identification data of the act of technical readiness and units of rolling stock;

23 - hazard level indicators of the identified malfunction;

25 - summary conclusion on the unit of rolling stock;

39 - identification data of personnel performing tests of a subsystem or unit of rolling stock using appropriate computer monitoring and diagnostic tools;

58 - the name of the instructions for the actions of personnel in the usual terms of the repair process;

64 is a symbol of the subsystems tested using the appropriate computer monitoring and diagnostic tools, indicating the faulty elements, components and assemblies that are part of the corresponding subsystem of the rolling stock unit, as well as the number of the technical readiness report of the corresponding subsystem of the rolling stock unit.

In the figure in Appendix 6 are indicated:

26 - elements for selecting a mode for presenting diagnostic information;

32 - identification data of a computer tool for monitoring and diagnostics (name and number of the rolling stock fleet unit on which the vehicle is installed - for units of the rolling stock fleet in operation; name of the tool used in testing the corresponding unit, assembly, subsystem or rolling stock unit located under repair);

45 - designation of units of the rolling stock in the operational phase or designation of a computer monitoring and diagnostic tool;

46 - identification data of the fleet to which the given rolling stock or test section belongs, on which the tested unit, assembly or unit of rolling stock is located;

47 - identification data of a subsystem or unit of rolling stock (name of the subsystem or type of unit of rolling stock) indicating the number of the last act of technical readiness characterizing the technical condition of the corresponding unit of rolling stock at the current time;

48 - summary statistical diagnostic information on the technical condition of the corresponding unit of the rolling stock fleet during the entire period of operation at the operational stage or summary statistical diagnostic information on the technical condition of units, assemblies and subsystems that have been tested using this computer tool for monitoring and diagnostics during the entire period its application.

The device of FIG. 1 combines the operation unit and the repair unit 2, operating at closely related stages of operation and repair of rolling stock, respectively. Operation block 1 contains units of rolling stock 3, which are at the stage of operation, and repair block 2 - units of rolling stock 4, which are at the stage of repair and / or arriving for repair. With the units of rolling stock 3 and 4, the inputs of the corresponding computer monitoring and diagnostic tools 5 are connected for the operation stage and 6 for the repair stage. Computer monitoring and diagnostic tools 5 and 6 are equipped with automatic expert systems 9 and 10, respectively. The outputs of the computer monitoring and diagnostics 5 and 6 are connected to the diagnostic network 11.

The diagnostic network 11 includes a diagnostic network server 12, which is equipped with a single integrated database of the technical condition of the rolling stock 13 at various stages of the life cycle.

The diagnostic network 11 is connected to the workstations of managers of operations and / or repairs 14, 15, as well as information terminals of repair personnel 16.

The proposed method is implemented as follows.

Computer monitoring and diagnostic tools 5, which are part of the device and installed on units of the rolling stock that are in operation phase 3, with high frequency, at short intervals, determine the values of diagnostic signs characterizing the technical condition of units of rolling stock 3, its units, aggregates and subsystems, for example, axle boxes, wheelsets, traction gears, traction motors, suspension and mounting elements, pneumatic brake system, electric traction electric motor circuits, auxiliary machinery and equipment circuits, as well as electric machine converters of electric power, compressors and compressor units. The automatic expert system 9, which is included in the computer monitoring and diagnostics tool 5, installed on board the rolling stock 3, automatically determines the technical condition of nodes, assemblies and subsystems, the type and level of danger of failure, and the degree of danger its impact on the safety and efficiency of the further operation of the rolling stock unit 3, generates instructions on the immediate immediate actions aimed at omitting the development of a dangerous condition and / or reducing the impact of the malfunction on the safety of operation of the rolling stock 3, and displays these instructions on the screen 7 of the computer monitoring and diagnostic tool 5 located in the control cabin of the rolling stock 3, thereby representing the generated instruction directly to the train crew.

An example of the output of the instructions of the train crew is presented in Appendix 1, which shows a part of the information field of the screen interface 7 of the computer tool for monitoring and diagnostics 5 units of rolling stock 3, which is under operation.

The structure of the displayed instruction contains the necessary information, including a set of graphic 41 and conditional textual 42, 43, 44 symbols, providing a sufficiently detailed description of the faulty unit, unit, subsystem, type and place of the malfunction, as well as visualization of the level of danger of the malfunction and the degree of its impact on safety and / or economical operation of the relevant rolling stock unit.

Over a specified time interval of operation of a unit of rolling stock 3, the expert system 7 automatically generates an act of technical readiness (see Fig. 2).

The act of technical readiness (see Fig. 2) includes a list of units, assemblies, and subsystems 19 of the corresponding rolling stock unit at the operational stage, symbols with units of 20, and numerical values of 21 diagnostic signs, the state of which characterizes the technical condition of the corresponding unit, of the unit and the subsystem of the rolling stock unit, codes of instructions for actions 22 with a designation of the danger level of the identified malfunctions 23, textual decryption of codes of instructions for actions 24, as well as e conclusion on the need to withdraw a unit of rolling stock for repair or on admission to operation 25 in the format "Operation is permissible / For admission to operation, eliminate comments **". For the presented example, the conclusion should be understood as follows: “To allow the ED4M electric train No. 0385 to be put into operation, it is necessary to check the traction electric motor (TED) of the second wheel pair of motor car No. 038506 due to an unacceptable condition.”

The available technical communication channels automatically transmit technical readiness reports generated for each individual unit that is part of the rolling stock from computer monitoring and diagnostics 5 to the diagnostic network 11.

The acts of technical readiness for each individual unit included in the rolling stock are concentrated in a single integrated database 13, which contains the diagnostic network server 12.

Diagnostic information on the technical condition of units, assemblies, and subsystems obtained from the technical readiness certificates for each of the rolling stock units concentrated in a single integrated database 13 is presented on the screens of workstations of operation managers 15.

An example of screens for presenting diagnostic information about the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet for operation managers is shown in FIG. 3, 4, and also in Appendix 2.

The screen in Appendix 2 presents a summary of diagnostic information about the technical condition of all units of the rolling stock 3 in operation at the same time. Each unit of the rolling stock fleet is presented in the form of block 45, where the technical condition of each individual unit at the current time 47 is reflected in color depending on the status of "Permissible"; "Requires action"; "Unacceptable."

Each block 45 also contains identification data on individual units 47, rolling stock as a whole 32 and rolling stock fleet 46, as well as statistical diagnostic information that qualitatively reflects the technical condition of the rolling stock during the entire period of operation at the operation stage.

The screen shown in FIG. 3, presents a list of acts of technical readiness. Each act of technical readiness (see Fig. 3) is presented in the form of a row in table 27, while the columns include the identification data of the act, namely its serial number 28 and the date of formation 29, the symbol of the technical condition 30 of the corresponding rolling stock unit according to the DOP classification - "Permissible", TPM - "Needs to be taken", NDP - "Unacceptable", identification data of rolling stock units 32, 33, 34, 35. Qualitatively display the technical condition of rolling stock units at the appropriate operating interval, approx each line according to the severity level of the detected malfunction.

To provide additional diagnostic information about the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet, for example, to change the level of detail by type: "rolling stock fleet - rolling stock fleet unit - rolling stock unit (wagon) - operating interval (act, formation date) - technical condition" apply one or more filters.

The screen shown in FIG. 4, presents summary diagnostic information about the technical condition of a rolling stock fleet unit at a selected operating interval. This diagnostic information is presented in the form of a summary act of the technical readiness of the rolling stock and includes identification data 17 and 18, a list of units 36. For each unit in the act, the full name of the faulty unit, unit and / or subsystem 37 is displayed, codes of instructions for actions 22 s designating the danger level of the identified malfunctions 23, decoding of codes of instructions for actions 24, recommendations for actions 25, formed in the usual terms of technological processes of operation and repair of a mobile tava, as well as the conclusion 38 on the need to withdraw the rolling stock fleet unit for repair or on admission to operation in the format "Operation is permissible / For admission to operation, eliminate comments **". For the presented example, the conclusion should be understood as follows: “For the admission of the ED4M electric train No. 0385 into operation, it is necessary to provide an urgent check of the traction electric motors (TED) of the second wheel pair of the motor car No. 038506 and the fourth wheel pair of the motor car No. 038504, by performing an audit of the bearing units, as well as the nearest service or repair, check the operation of the pneumatic equipment on car No. 038510 and inspect the fourth wheel pair of the head car No. 038509 ”.

The mode for presenting diagnostic information about the technical condition of units of the rolling stock fleet is selected by activating the mode selection elements 26.

The choice of the “print” mode automatically provides the output of the diagnostic information presented on the screen in the form of an act of technical readiness to the printing device connected to the workstation of the operation manager 14.

Similarly, computer monitoring and diagnostic tools 6, which are part of the device and are used in testing units of the rolling stock fleet, units of rolling stock and / or equipment of units 4, arriving or under repair, determine the values of diagnostic signs characterizing the technical condition of the elements, nodes , aggregates and subsystems. The automatic expert system 10, which is included in the corresponding computer tool for monitoring and diagnostics 6, automatically determines the technical condition of components, assemblies and subsystems, the type and level of danger of a malfunction, the degree of its impact on the safety and efficiency of operation of a rolling stock unit based on an analysis of a set of diagnostic features as a whole, generates instructions for actions aimed at determining the actually necessary volume and list of repair and restoration work, elimination of identified malfunctions and preventing the passage of a hazardous condition into the next stage of the repair repair cycle. Displays instructions on screen 8 of the appropriate computer monitoring and diagnostic tool 6 located at the personnel performing the tests.

An example of a form for displaying instructions to personnel performing tests of a rolling stock unit is presented in Appendix 3.

The screen (see Appendix 3) includes the necessary diagnostic information containing a series of graphical 49, 50, 51, 52, numeric 55, 56 and text 51, 53, 54, 57, 58 symbols. The accepted designations describe in detail the malfunctions of the subsystem, unit, element, type and location of the malfunction, the degree to which the malfunction affects the safety and / or economy of operation of the corresponding unit of the rolling stock, and the way to eliminate the malfunction in the usual terms of repair technological processes.

During the test cycle, the expert system 10 automatically generates an act of technical readiness of the equipment (unit or assembly), subsystem, rolling stock unit or rolling stock fleet as a whole.

An example of the act of technical readiness of a subsystem of a rolling stock unit is given in Appendix 4.

The act of technical readiness includes a list of groups of elements and nodes 52 that are part of the subsystem, simplified descriptions and symbols of diagnostic signs 59, characterizing the technical condition of the corresponding group of elements and nodes, their units of 60, numerical values of diagnostic signs obtained with the current 61 and previous 62 trials, with a hazard level of state 23, as well as text messages 58 corresponding to the generated instructions for action, conclusion 63 on the possibility approval for operation, for example, in the format "Operation is permissible / For approval for operation, eliminate comments **" and identification data of the personnel who conducted the tests 39.

For the presented example, the conclusion should be understood as follows: “The trailed section of the ED4M electric train, consisting of wagons No. 025602/025603 can be allowed into operation, while for the next service or repair it is necessary to ensure insulation insulation of the electric circuit of the field-effect resistors, electric furnace and electric air heater circuits heating (in the act is abbreviated "Res. weakened excitation. EP, EC"), which has a low value of insulation resistance ".

An example of a consolidated act of technical readiness of a rolling stock unit is given in Appendix 5.

The consolidated act of technical readiness of a rolling stock unit includes the general identification data of the act of technical preparedness and rolling stock 17, the symbols of the subsystems 64, indicating the faulty elements, components and assemblies that are part of the corresponding subsystem of the rolling stock unit and the number of the technical readiness act of the corresponding subsystem rolling stock units, text messages 58 indicating actions for the respective subsystems and indicating the level of danger of state 2 3, a summary conclusion on the rolling stock unit 25 about the possibility of access to operation, for example, in the format “Operation is permissible / For admission to operation, eliminate comments **” and identification data of the personnel who conducted the test set 39.

For the presented example, the conclusion should be understood as follows: “The ED4M electric train section consisting of cars No. 025602/025603 cannot be allowed into operation. For admission to operation, it is required to carry out checks and troubleshooting of the brake system and pantograph. To ensure the efficient operation of the electric train, it is advisable to check a number of components and assemblies, namely, isolation of a section of the power electric circuit containing field-effect resistors, electric furnaces and electric heaters (Res. Weak field, EP, EC), brake system compressor, power components an electric circuit containing contacts of power devices and a reverser, a circuit for weakening the excitation of traction electric motors, an anchor winding circuit and a collector-brush assembly of traction electric motors, as well as voltage divider starters in the auxiliary circuit. "

At the request of the personnel who conducted the tests, the corresponding act of technical readiness is automatically displayed on the printing device, which is part of the computer monitoring and diagnostic tool 6.

Computer-aided monitoring and diagnostics 6 through the available communication channels automatically transmit technical readiness reports generated by each node, unit and / or subsystem 4 to the diagnostic network 11.

Present diagnostic information on the technical condition of the units, assemblies, subsystems and units of the rolling stock that are at the stages of repair and operation, obtained from the relevant technical readiness acts concentrated in a single integrated database 13, on the screens of workstations of repair managers 15 and on information terminals repair personnel 16.

An example of screens for the presentation of diagnostic information on the technical condition of units, assemblies, subsystems and units of the rolling stock fleet that are at the stages of repair and operation for repair managers is given in Appendix 6 and in FIG. 5.

The screen shown in Appendix 6 provides summary diagnostic information about the technical condition of all units of the rolling stock fleet at the stages of operation and repair 3 and 4. At the same time, this screen is basically similar to the screen shown in Appendix 2. Each rolling stock unit located in at the stage of operation, and the computer tool for monitoring and diagnostics used to test the units, assemblies and subsystems of units of the rolling stock that are at the repair stage are presented in the form e block 45, where the technical condition of each individual unit of rolling stock, assembly, unit or subsystem at the current time 47 is reflected in color depending on the state - "Permissible"; "Requires action"; "Unacceptable."

Each block 45 also contains identification information about individual units, assemblies, assemblies and subsystems 47, the rolling stock as a whole or computer monitoring and diagnostic tool 32, the rolling stock fleet or the test section where the assembly, aggregate or unit of rolling stock 46 was tested, and also a summary of statistical diagnostic information on the technical condition of the corresponding unit of the rolling stock fleet during the entire period of its operation at the operational stage or a summary statistical diagnosis kuyu information about the technical state components, assemblies and sub-systems that have passed the test with the use of computer means for monitoring and diagnosis for the entire period of its application 48.

The screen shown in FIG. 5, presents a list of acts of technical readiness. Each act of technical readiness (see Fig. 5) is presented in the form of a row in table 27, while the columns include the identification data of the act, namely its serial number 28 and the date of formation 29, the symbol of the technical condition of the corresponding rolling stock unit, unit of the unit, or subsystem 30, an indicator of the presence of faulty measuring channels of a computer monitoring and diagnostic tool 31, identification data of a rolling stock unit at the stage of operation or repair, and / or computer the means of monitoring and diagnostics used in testing the corresponding unit, assembly, subsystem or unit of rolling stock that is under repair 32, 33, 34, 35, identification data of the personnel who conducted the test package 39, the name of the test cycle of units, assemblies, unit subsystems rolling stock 40. Qualitatively display the technical condition of the rolling stock units at the appropriate operating interval, coloring each line in accordance with the danger level of the identified malfunction.

The mode of presenting diagnostic information about the technical condition of units of the rolling stock of their units, assemblies and subsystems is selected by activating the mode selection elements 26.

The choice of the “print” mode automatically ensures the output of the diagnostic information presented on the screen in the form of an act of technical readiness to the printing device connected to the workstation of the repair manager 15 and / or to the information terminal 16.

Integrated planning and management of the operation and repair of the rolling stock fleet using the proposed method and the device that implements it is carried out as follows.

The train crew, based on the diagnostic information about the malfunctions displayed on the screen of the computer monitoring and diagnostic tool 5 (see Appendix 1), complies with the prescribed instructions for immediate immediate actions and other regulated actions required in the relevant situation aimed at preventing the development of a dangerous condition or reducing the impact malfunctions on the safety of operation of the corresponding rolling stock fleet unit and / or unit 3 included in it, for example, change the modes kspluatatsii and / or workloads performed disconnection of faulty equipment, units, sub-systems separate rolling units include emergency operation circuit (redundancy replacement). To restore operational and technical parameters, they provide the fastest direction of rolling stock to repair points.

Operation managers on the basis of diagnostic information on the technical condition of units of rolling stock 3 in operation (see Appendix 2, Figs. 2, 3, 4), presented on the screen of workstation 14, follow instructions and organize work to ensure uninterrupted traffic by timely replacement of a faulty unit of rolling stock or rolling stock as a whole with a working one, elimination of malfunctions in operation, while monitoring the performance discipline of train crews, ensuring interact with the repair managers and their services about the need for repair and restoration and / or adjustment work on the respective rolling stocks or individual units, participate in the acceptance of rolling stock units from repair.

Repair personnel, on the basis of diagnostic information on the technical condition of the respective unit, assembly, subsystem, rolling stock unit or rolling stock fleet unit 4 in general, at the repair stage, are fulfilling the prescribed instructions for action displayed on screen 8 of the computer monitoring and diagnostic tool 6 or on the screen of the information terminal 16, and other regulated actions required to eliminate the identified malfunctions and their causes with the least difficulty They do not allow the passage of a hazardous condition to the next stage of the technological cycle of repairing equipment and / or rolling stock units, and reduce the likelihood of a hazardous condition being put into operation.

Repair managers on the basis of diagnostic information on the technical condition of units of the rolling stock 3 and 4 in operation and repair (see Appendix 2), presented on the screen of workstation 15, follow the instructions and organize work on resource planning for the implementation of the required corrective actions, carry out the transfer of individual units of rolling stock from operation 1 to repair 2, increase or decrease the volume of regulated actions required to be carried out, carry out counter the role of the performing discipline of the repair personnel, the restored rolling stock and / or individual units are transferred from repair 2 to operation 1, work is being done to increase the reliability of the equipment of rolling stock units.

Thus, the implementation of the proposed method and the technical solution for its implementation provides increased reliability of monitoring and diagnostics of the technical condition of the rolling stock fleet by guaranteed presentation of the monitoring and diagnostics results to managers of various stages of the rolling stock life cycle, the implementation of effective integrated planning and management of the operation and repair of rolling stock composition and, as a result, provides increased stability, safety ty and uninterrupted functioning of rolling stock.

Claims (5)

1. A method for integrated monitoring and diagnostics of the management of the safe operation of the rolling stock fleet, in which at the stage of operation of the rolling stock units using the computer monitoring and diagnostics tools for technical condition located on them, diagnostic signals are measured, diagnostic signs are identified, their values are compared with critical and an assessment is made the technical condition of nodes, assemblies, subsystems and rolling stock as a whole, represent the totality of this train information the brigade on the screen means of monitoring and diagnosing the technical condition, transmit it to the server and present at the workstations the heads of operation and repair, who decide to carry out maintenance and repair of the faulty unit, unit, subsystem or rolling stock as a whole, characterized in that at the stage of operation automatically determine the type and level of danger of malfunctions of each operating unit of the rolling stock fleet, form instructions on the immediate immediate actions, direction In order to identify a defective element, assembly, unit, preventing the development of a danger level of a malfunction and reducing the impact of a malfunction on the safety of operation of rolling stock, they provide instructions to the train crew, automatically prepare acts of technical readiness of units of rolling stock for a specified period of time, transmit and accumulate acts in the diagnostic networks, automatically generate summary diagnostic information about the technical condition of all units of the rolling stock fleet at the same time in operation; at the repair stage, in the test cycle, using computer tools for monitoring and diagnosing the technical condition, the type and level of danger of malfunctions of rolling stock units arriving and / or under repair are automatically determined, instructions for determining the actual required volume and the list of repair restoration work, elimination of identified malfunctions and preventing the malfunctioning of the malfunction in operation, provide instructions to the repair personnel on the screen appropriate computer monitoring and diagnostics tools for technical condition, automatically prepare acts of technical readiness of units, assemblies, subsystems and units of rolling stock as a whole for the test cycle, transmit and accumulate acts in the diagnostic network, automatically generate summary diagnostic information about the technical condition of all units of the rolling stock at the same time structure in operation and / or repair, and carry out integrated planning and management of operation and repair of pka rolling stock. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they present simultaneously diagnostic information about the technical condition of all units of the rolling stock in operation, or acts of technical readiness for all or individual operating units on the screens of workstations of operation managers. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they simultaneously present diagnostic information on the technical condition of all units of the rolling stock in operation and in repair, or acts of technical readiness for all or individual units in operation and / or repair on the screens of workstations repair managers. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they document in the certificates of technical readiness of each unit of the rolling stock fleet a list of nodes, assemblies and subsystems diagnosed using appropriate computer tools for monitoring and diagnosing the technical condition, for each of which indicate the values of diagnostic signs, the type and level of danger of the identified malfunctions, instructions for action, a conclusion on the need for a repair or approval for operation. 5. A device for integrated monitoring and diagnostics of managing the safe operation of the rolling stock fleet, characterized in that the device contains computer means for monitoring and diagnosing the technical condition used at the stage of operation and repair of units of rolling stock, each computer means for monitoring and diagnosing the technical condition is equipped with an automatic expert system defining the type and level of danger of malfunctions and forming instructions for actions, computer outputs Monitoring and diagnostics tools for the technical condition of rolling stock units are connected to the inputs of the diagnostic network containing the server, workstations of operation and / or repair managers and information terminals of the repair personnel, while the diagnostic network server includes a single integrated database in which the diagnostic information about the technical condition of the units of the rolling stock at the stages of operation and repair.

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