RU2602317C1 - Multi-chamber rotary pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; motors and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to designs of self-priming pumps. Multi-chamber rotor pump consists of stator 1 of ellipsoid shape with spiral channels and rotor 2, on which there are two balanced impeller-gears 3, teeth-paddles 4 of which act as pistons to create closed variable volumes in the spiral channels of stator 1. Impeller-gears 3 of rotor 2 do not require an additional drive, as their teeth-paddles 4 move along the spiral channels of stator 1 and impart a rotary motion to them, while impeller-gears 3 themselves are engaged with each other and have no significant resistance in the plane of their rotation. In the area of impeller-gears 3 joint inside the process slot of rotor 2 there are apertures with discharge channels for the working medium extracted during engagement of teeth-paddles 4 and its return into the decreasing space.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at increasing the volume of working medium pumped by one tooth-paddle, providing the effect of self-priming.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering. Directly to the design of self-priming pumps and volume displacement mechanisms.

The design of a multi-chamber rotary pump allows you to get a new type of rotary mechanism with volume displacement, which can be used as a self-priming pump, compressor or hydraulic motor.

The closest analogue of those viewed in databases and specialized literature can be considered the “Vikhrov Rotary Volumetric Machine” RU 2278980 C1, where ellipsoid shapes and spiral channels are used to obtain variable working volumes. The presented mechanism differs from it by the principle of organizing the rotation of the lionfish and rotor, the stator design, which allows the use of counter lionfish, which are engaged with each other, as well as the separation of the variable working volumes into the suction and discharge chambers and their compaction. The presented design of the mechanism makes it possible to obtain a combination of the operation of lion-gears (like a gear pump) with the method of forming closed variable volumes (in the image of piston pumps), since the mechanism created by this principle is a new type of rotor mechanism with variable working volumes in the spiral channels of the stator. It contains a new solution for constructing a kinematic scheme and obtaining variable closed volumes in a rotary pump. Such types of pumps are known as piston pumps (with variable closed volumes in cylinders), axial pumps (with moving the working medium by the lobes of the lionfish) and gear pumps (with the transfer of the working fluid along the perimeter by the teeth of the gears and its displacement at the place of their mating). The presented mechanism contains the components of all these types of pumps.

The objective of the invention is the construction of a new kinematic scheme of a self-priming pump; obtaining variable closed volumes in a rotary pump (like piston pumps) without the use of parts with reciprocating, oscillatory and eccentric movement.

This is achieved by the design principle of the new pump, where

- the teeth of the blades of rotary lionfish gears located directly on the rotor, compress (pump) the working fluid in the spiral channels of the stator, while simultaneously absorbing from the back of the teeth of the blades;

- in the kinematic scheme, a combination of rotation of lion gears with teeth-blades located on the pump rotor and rotation of the rotor itself, with the formation of closed variable volumes (in the form of piston pumps) in a spiral pump stator, is used;

- the absence of loads in the plane of rotation of the lion-gears of the rotor, according to the pitch of the stator spiral, virtually eliminates friction between the coupled moving parts;

- the manufacture of the rotor with two counter-impeller-gears ensures the operation of the teeth-blades on opposite sides of the rotor along the same spiral stator channels without the use of reciprocating, crank or eccentric gears;

- the presence of two oncoming lionfish gears in meshing with each other allows you to divide the suction and discharge area (like a gear pump) in the technological groove of the rotor.

The design of the mechanism consists in the combination of the operation of the teeth of the blades forming closed variable volumes in the spiral channels of the stator (in the image of piston pumps) and the rotation of the lion-gears of the rotor meshed with each other (like a gear pump).

The presented pump (Fig. 1) consists of an ellipsoidal stator (1) with spiral channels and a rotor (2). Two balanced impeller gears (3) are installed in the rotor, the teeth of the blades of which (4) serve as pistons creating closed variable volumes in the spiral channels of the stator (5), formed as bodies of rotation of the mating arc of the circle of the tooth-blade of the impeller of the impeller gear of the rotor, also performing rotation in a perpendicular plane relative to the rotation of the rotor. The stator, lion gears and rotor casing form two chambers in the pump: “suction” (7) and “forcing” (8). Closed variable volumes in the chambers are formed by the walls of the rotor, the spiral channel of the stator and the teeth-blades of the lion-gear of the rotor gear. Lion gears are installed in the rotor, in technological grooves, on bearings (6, Fig. 3) and do not require an additional drive, as their teeth-blades, when the rotor rotates, move along the spiral channels of the stator, as if screwing in and giving rotation of lion gears. The lion gears themselves are engaged with each other and do not have significant resistance in the plane of their rotation, since the load applied to them is directed along the diagonal channels of the stator. In the areas where the rotor casing is connected with the stator ridges, there are fluoroplastic or copper seals (15) installed in grooves made on the stator ridges to seal and separate the volumes of adjacent channels. In the field of coupling of the lion gears, in the technological groove of the rotor there are openings with exhaust channels (14, Fig. 3) displaced during engagement of the teeth-blades of the working fluid and returning it to the pump discharge cavity.

At the beginning (in the direction of rotation of the winged gears of the rotor) of the annular chamber “suction” on the stator are the blades of the inlet impeller (10), for guiding the flows of the working fluid and also serving as supports for the upper bearing assembly (11) of the pump rotor.

At the end (in the direction of rotation of the winged gears of the rotor) of the annular chamber “pumping”, the blades of the exhaust impeller (12) are located on the stator to guide the flows of the working fluid and also function as the bearings of the lower bearing assembly (13) of the pump rotor.

Pump duty cycles:

1. The tooth-blade of the rotor lion-gear, passing from the VT (top point) of the stator to the annular “suction” chamber and moving further according to the rotation of the driven rotor along the spiral stator channel, sucks the working medium into the “suction” chamber.

2. At the same time, the front side of the tooth-blade of the lion-gear of the rotor gear compresses (displaces) the previously received charge of the working fluid into the “pumping” chamber through the spiral channel of the stator.

All cycles occur simultaneously, during the rotation of the rotor, as they are carried out in different sectors of the spiral-annular chambers of the pump. This makes the pump self-priming, efficient and compact.

In the presented version of the pump there are seven spiral channels of the stator, since the number of visits for the teeth of the blades in the stator, with this gearing pattern of the lion gears, must be odd, regardless of the multiplicity of the number of teeth of the blades. This ensures coordination of the inputs of the teeth of the blades into the stator channels from diametrically opposite sides. And the number of teeth-blades on each lionfish should be at least one more than the number of visits in the stator. This ensures the closure of all working volumes and a constant separation of the sides of the suction and discharge in all channels of the stator.

The manufacture of the rotor with two opposing auxiliary lionfish ensures the operation of the teeth-blades on opposite sides of the rotor along the same spiral stator channels without the use of reciprocating, crank or eccentric gears.

Bearing on the suction side, when using the rotor mechanism as a pump or compressor, must be supported by a thrust. Since one of the constituent forces acting on the teeth of the rotor blades will be directed along the axis of the rotor, towards the suction flow. And when using the rotor mechanism as a hydraulic motor, the thrust bearing is installed on the discharge (return) side of the working fluid.

The rotor (longitudinal section along the lion gears) is shown in the figure (Fig. 2), where the discharge openings of the outlet channels (14) of the working fluid displaced during meshing of the teeth and vanes of the working fluid and its return to the pump discharge cavity are viewed. And also you can see the location of two oncoming lion-gears in meshing with each other, which allows you to divide the suction and discharge area (like a gear pump) in the technological groove of the rotor.

The figure (Fig. 3) shows a longitudinal section of the rotor across the lion gears, in the planes aa and bb. It shows the unloading channels (14) and the mounting bearings (6) of the shaft of the lion gears, as well as the shaft seals (9).

The figure (Fig. 4) shows a cross section of the rotor, where the relative position of the lion gears relative to each other and the rotor casing, as well as the mounting location of the bearings and shaft seals of the lion gears, is shown.

The figure (Fig. 5) shows the bottom cover of the stator (top view), which shows the location of the seven diagonal channels of the stator, as well as exhaust impellers, which serve both to release the pumped working fluid and to mount the rotor bearing assembly. The holes on the cover flange are used for bolting to the top cover of the pump during assembly.

The figure (Fig. 6) shows a section of a quarter of the pump housing, where the spiral channels of the stator with seals and the bearing units of the rotor installation are viewed.

The presented rotary mechanism is universal and can be used as a self-priming pump or as a hydraulic motor, as well as a compressor (with one or more compression stages installed on one shaft).

Fundamental differences from the known and used mechanisms for pumping or compressing working media are that the volume of the pumped working medium with one tooth-blade is an order of magnitude greater than one gear tooth pump. Unlike axial or centrifugal pumps, variable working volumes are formed here, while the free rotation of the rotor of irreversible-translational, crank or eccentric gears is preserved in the kinematic scheme of the mechanism, which also distinguishes the presented mechanism from piston machines.

For the production of parts of the mechanism can be used standard industrial equipment, turning, milling and drilling machines. Materials and alloys for pump parts used in mechanical engineering. The manufacture of a stator with spiral channels is advisable by casting, followed by finishing with template cutters. Since the production of spiral channels, such as bodies of revolution of the conjugate arc of a circle, is easier to produce in soft material, such as polymer, clay or wood. The surface of the channels obtained by casting the stator must be cemented and surface hardened. Like cylinder liners of reciprocating pumps or compressors.

The significance of the differences of the proposed pump from other rotary, axial or piston pumps:

- the presence of components of all these types of pumps,

- contains a new principle for obtaining variable volumes and constructing a kinematic scheme of a self-priming pump,

- is a new type of rotor mechanism, with the possibility of its use as a self-priming pump, hydraulic motor or compressor.

Design advantages:

- Lack of reciprocating, crank or eccentric gears in the kinematic scheme of the mechanism.

- Unidirectional and free rotation of the pump rotor, as well as lion gears.

- The presence of closed variable volumes, like piston machines.

- The absence of loaded mates and friction parts of the mechanism, as a result of which the possibility of using high speeds of rotation.

- Getting 5, 7 and more working chambers in one stator and with one rotor allows to achieve high performance with compact dimensions.

All of the above allows the author to hope for the widespread use of a new type of rotary mechanism, such as a multi-chamber rotary pump in everyday life, agriculture, industry and transport.

Claims (1)

A multi-chamber rotary pump, consisting of an ellipsoidal stator with spiral channels and a rotor, in which two balanced lion-gears are installed, the teeth-vanes of which serve as pistons and create closed variable volumes in the spiral channels of the stator, formed as bodies of rotation of the mating arc of the tooth circumference rotor lobes of the rotor gear, which also rotates in a perpendicular plane relative to the rotor rotation, and the stator, lion gears and rotor casing form two chambers: "and" pumping ", where closed variable volumes are formed by the walls of the rotor, the spiral channels of the stator and the teeth-blades of the rotor winged gears, which receive rotational movement from their teeth-blades moving along the spiral channels of the stator, and the winged gears are in meshing with each other and in the area of their mating, in the technological groove of the rotor there are openings with channels for the removal of the working fluid displaced during meshing of the teeth-vanes and returning it to the “injection” cavity, where at the end of the annular ring In the stator there are blades of the exhaust impeller, which also function as the bearings of the lower bearing assembly of the pump rotor, and at the beginning of the “suction” annular chamber on the stator are the blades of the inlet impeller, which function as the bearings of the upper bearing assembly, as well as the number of spiral channels of the stator and approaches for teeth the blades, with this gearing pattern of the lion gears, should be odd, regardless of the multiplicity of the number of teeth of the blades, which should be at least one more than the number of teeth s stator.

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