RU2602156C2 - Sectional conveyor for transfer of loose materials through spaces with obstacles and method of loose materials transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: multiple-link conveyor, enclosed into protective casing, represents chain of unified sections interconnected by telescopic junctions. Separate sections can be mounted at different height at required angles relative to each other, due to which are able to bypass obstacles above them, under them, around and through them, and wherein be fixed on ground or on different profile building structures. Availability of each section individual electric drive allows to distribute power load, employ either whole chain of conveyors simultaneously, or in separate sections, eliminating peak loads at simultaneous start-up and installation.

EFFECT: conveyor can be used as temporary storage of transferred materials.

2 cl, 23 dwg

Description

The invention relates to road, construction and mining equipment, in particular to the movement of bulk materials, including construction and household waste, to the required distance through spaces with existing civil, industrial and natural obstacles without causing environmental damage and minimal restriction of existing logistics activities in the territories laying evacuation routes.

Known and widely used in world practice, the method of moving or transporting bulk and small-sized materials during various works in the mining industry and construction, in which the technological process of moving rock masses is carried out thanks to the combined load-carrying and traction unit driven by a drive drum, flexible closed tape.

Known long-drag scraper conveyor (RU 2368560 C2, B65G 19/04, 2009) for transporting bulk materials, consisting of a drive, upper and lower grating stands, traction chain with scrapers, scrapers with double-sided rigid fastening to the traction chains move along the lower grating conveyor stand while the traction chain is made of non-separable links.

Known chain conveyor (RU 2215679 C2, B65G 17/12, 2003), containing a chain pulling body, drive and tension sprockets, guide frame, drive and frame. The chain traction unit is made in the form of two chains, which are equipped with alternately mounted supporting platforms and slats with two pushers in the form of rods, and in the discharge zone the conveyor is equipped with a guide roller table. The guide roller table is made of three sections.

Known tubular conveyor with a hanging belt (RU 2170202 C2, B65G 15/08, 2001), including a support frame with closed guides fixed to it on both sides of the conveyor, made in the form of single pipes and enveloping the drive and end drums, and an endless conveyor belt, on the sides of which roller suspensions are evenly fixed with the possibility of their movement along the guides. In places where the tape is rolled into the pipe, its sides are closed to each other on the side of the working surface and bent towards the non-working surface of the tape to ensure reliable closure.

Known stationary sectional swinging conveyor for moving and distributing bulk materials, adopted as a prototype (RU 2442736 C2, B65G 27/08, 2011). The known conveyor contains two identical sections, each of which has a tray, elastic suspensions, a connecting rod and a common oscillating shaft. The conveyor has a modular design, each section of the structure is made of a moving bottom and fixed sidewalls, in which a device for adjusting the thickness of the layer of transported material is mounted on the axes.

The main disadvantages of the known conveyors, including the one chosen by the prototype, are the possibility of use only on areas free of obstacles, the ability to install only at a small distance from the supporting surface, low environmental safety - the possibility of particles of the transported material getting into the air and on the working platform.

The disadvantages of the prototype should include the possibility of unauthorized exposure to work and material during operation, including vandalism, due to the availability of parts of the device.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to create a mechanized way of environmentally safe transportation of soil along a complex highway of unlimited length with overcoming existing obstacles in residential and industrial buildings and various terrain, as well as the limited size of the construction site without significant restrictions on industrial and domestic activities at the places of passage of the transportation route .

The technical result of the claimed invention consists in improving manufacturability, in accelerating and cheapening construction work.

The technical result in terms of reducing the cost of construction work is achieved by the fact that the use of uniform standardized sections allows you to create a universal system for cleaning soil, construction and household waste, snow during quick installation and dismantling, if necessary, use a minimum number of additional equipment and installers. Achieved a reduction in the cost of arrangement and minimization of the size of the alienated territories of urban and industrial development, because transporters can pass over roads, pedestrian sidewalks, urban lines, through underpasses, arches of bridges and buildings. In addition, the design allows you to adapt to the terrain due to the individual extension of the supports to the required size, self-aligning shoes and installation on building blocks, as well as the fastening of the support frame to spatial building structures, thereby reducing the cost of arranging the route. Reducing the cost of equipping the construction site is achieved due to the fact that for this purpose transport containers can be used in which conveyor components are transported. Reducing financial costs is achieved due to the fact that reduced time for work, because several teams can work along the route and mount sections that are initially unconnected, and when docking, it is easy to eliminate pairing errors by installing any route configuration, up to 360 ° rotation of the axis of the route.

In addition, the invention is aimed at expanding the field of use, since the proposed mounting structure of additional modular sections allows the construction of tracks of any length and any configuration in horizontal and vertical projection to overcome existing obstacles. The design of a multi-sectional tape sealed conveyor ensures environmental safety when transporting materials under the conditions of densely populated urban areas under any climatic conditions in continuous or intermittent translational movement of conveyors of the entire chain or its individual part.

In addition, the invention is aimed at saving and facilitating maintenance and commissioning, because the main elements are arranged and connected in advance and go into working condition when they are lifted by a crane under their own weight, and the walls of the conveyor protective cover, when opened, turn into scaffolds for maintenance, equipped with removable handrails and fastenings for safety belts, which allows personnel to eliminate jams of transported material and repair any section of the route. In addition, the electric motors of each section can be fed from different sources along the route.

In addition, the invention is aimed at ensuring the safety of the population, because provides for the installation of fences that prevent unauthorized entry of strangers (hookers, parkour lovers and non-ferrous metal hunters and equipment).

The method of transporting bulk materials, including construction and household waste, to the required distance through spaces with existing civil, industrial and natural obstacles without causing environmental damage and with a minimum restriction of existing logistics activities in the areas of laying evacuation routes, and a multi-link conveyor for the implementation of method using interconnected modular sections forming a continuous route of the desired configuration, in a protective sectional casing that prevents the transported material from falling out and precipitation falling on it during transportation and storage.

The multi-link conveyor for implementing the method comprises a load-bearing power frame with which the belt conveyor module is coupled, located in a casing closed on all sides with movable unloading and loading nodes fixed at its ends, which are equipped with standardized adapters. The angle between the conveyor module and the power frame is controlled by moving the conveyor stop along the clamp of the power frame. Four extendable supports can be moved a certain distance (fixed) in the transverse direction relative to the axis of the conveyor and prevent the structure from tipping over. When climbing to the working height, all four supports under the influence of their own weight occupy a vertical position, while due to telescopic elements they move to contact with the supporting surface. Self-aligning support shoes fixed at the end of each support are adapted to the position of the support surface. When performing assembly operations, a technological mounting trolley is rolled under the support frame, having a lifting platform and a hydraulic drive on top, capable of holding the structure during work, which is removed as it disappears. After exposing the conveyor module horizontally, all the supports are mounted in the longitudinal direction with pins and adjustable screw slopes, and in the transverse direction with cross braces. The unloading unit of the previous conveyor module is articulated by a movable telescopic transition with the loading unit of the subsequent conveyor module. Installation and articulation of the modules can occur simultaneously in several places on the route, while the modules can articulate at any angle, and possible deviations of the articulated sections horizontally and vertically are compensated by a telescopic transition.

In special cases, expanders can be attached to the supports, allowing to increase the distance between the supports in the transverse direction and set the supports individually to the desired height. In the event of a threat of partial or complete tipping over, support weights are hung on the support shoes. To protect against penetration, anti-vandal traps are put on the supports on the structure, and transverse barriers are installed on the conveyor module housing to prevent movement along the surface of the track. When laying the track inside the building spatial frames, the power frame of the conveyor module can be attached to their elements without the use of supports. During maintenance, installation and repair, operators climb the technological assembly trolley, reveal the required number of covers, on the inside of which ladders and reclining railings are fixed.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by illustrations.

In FIG. 1 shows the belt conveyor module in the transport position or in the storage state (axonometry).

In FIG. 2 shows the conveyor belt module in the transport position or in the storage state (side view).

In FIG. 3 shows the conveyor belt module in the transport position or in the storage state (top view).

In FIG. 4 shows the belt conveyor module in the transport position or in the storage state (longitudinal axial section).

In FIG. 5 shows the conveyor belt module in the working position on a flat horizontal surface (side view).

In FIG. 6 shows the conveyor belt module in the operating position (top view).

In FIG. 7 shows the conveyor belt module in the working position on a flat horizontal surface (front view).

In FIG. Figure 8 shows the conveyor belt module during installation (axonometry).

In FIG. Figure 9 shows the conveyor belt module in the maintenance or repair position (axonometry).

In FIG. 10 shows the conveyor belt module in the maintenance or repair position (side view).

In FIG. 11 shows the conveyor belt module in the maintenance or repair position (front view).

In FIG. 12 shows the belt conveyor module in the operating position on a flat horizontal surface with extenders and weighting agents (axonometry).

In FIG. 13 shows a conveyor belt module in a working position on an uneven surface (side view).

In FIG. 14 shows a conveyor belt module in a working position on an uneven surface (front view).

In FIG. 15 shows a chain of conveyor belt modules in the working position: A - when installed without expanders, B - installation with expanders; B - with suspension of the power support frame of the conveyor module to building structures without ground support (side view).

In FIG. 16 shows a chain of belt conveyor modules in the working position: A - when installed without expanders, B - installation with expanders; B - with suspension of the power support frame of the conveyor module to building structures without support on the ground (top view).

In FIG. 17 shows a chain of belt conveyor modules in the working position: A - when installed without expanders, B - installation by expanders; B - with the suspension of the power support frame of the conveyor module to building structures without ground support (front view).

The positions indicated:

1 - conveyor module assembly;

2 - bearing power frame;

3 - a casing;

4 - download node;

5 - unloading unit;

6 - neck;

7 - emphasis of the conveyor;

8 - stops of emphasis;

9 - sliding vertical support;

10 - rotary node support;

11 - guide bearings;

12 - hook for slings;

13 - mounting trolley;

14 - hydraulic drive;

15 - platform;

16 - self-supporting support shoe;

17 - adjustable helical brace;

18 - cruciform brace of the sliding supports;

19 - an expander;

20 - weighting agent;

22 - neck

23 - adapter;

24 - shutter (gate);

25 - anti-vandal traps;

26 - partitions - billboards (not shown in the attached images);

27 - staff;

28 - retractable handrails;

29 - coupling.

The way to carry out the evacuation of bulk materials (including construction and household waste) to the required distance through spaces with existing civil, industrial and natural obstacles without causing environmental damage and minimizing the existing logistics activities in the territories of laying evacuation routes is carried out by a chain of conveyor modules interconnected, raised to the desired height to overcome obstacles in each particular area, and consists in that transported material is moved along the closed conveyor housings selected track with the predetermined configuration of the relief and the need to overcome any obstacle, including traffic flows and structures. The method involves the use of three stages: a preliminary one, consisting in installation and commissioning, a worker providing for operation in various standard modes (operation of the entire chain, operation of individual sections, fixed storage of material) and the mode of prevention and repair.

At the preliminary stage carry out:

- theoretical laying of the route, determine the number of conveyor modules and auxiliary structures (expanders, etc.);

- parts of the structure are delivered to the prepared sections in standard containers, installation equipment and accessories. Each standard container accommodates four conveyor modules;

- installation can be carried out simultaneously in several places on the basis of real conditions, with small planning work if necessary;

- the conveyor module 1, which is in the transport state (Fig. 1 - Fig. 4), is removed from the container by a lifting mechanism and laid on the ground or construction site;

- transport anchor pins are manually removed, releasing the sliding bearings 9 for their lateral extension along the guides of the load-bearing power frame 2 to the working width, at the same time, the stop lock hinge stopper is removed to rotate the supports along the radius when lifting;

- on the hooks 12 are fixed slings of the lifting mechanism (crane);

- the conveyor module is raised up to a height that allows you to drive a technological mounting trolley 13 under it (Fig. 8);

- the crane insures the structure until the assembly carriage is rolled out at the end of the work, the platform 15, using the hydraulic actuator 14, holds the conveyor module, resting against the power support frame of the conveyor;

- when lifting the conveyor module, the supports, resting on their ends on a construction site and sliding along it when moving along the radius under the influence of their own weight, ultimately occupy a vertical position, hanging over the ground or site;

- to fix the supports in the transverse position, they are fastened with cross braces 18;

- release the latches of the self-supporting support shoes 16 and lower the platform 15 with the conveyor module lying on it until the shoes touch the ground or platform, after which the height of each support is fixed;

- to fix the supports in a longitudinal position, each support is attracted to the supporting power frame by adjustable screw braces 17;

- if necessary, to give greater stability to the supports, extenders 19 are added, which increase lateral stability, and weighting agents 20, which offset the center of gravity of the structure (Fig. 12 - Fig. 14);

- the slings of the lifting mechanism are disconnected from the hooks of the power frame and attached to the conveyor body, then they lift it to a predetermined angle, while the adjusting stop 7, turning under its own weight, slides along the latch 8 (Fig. 5 - Fig. 7) to the desired mark where self-fixes at the end of the climb;

- after disconnecting the cables of the lifting device using the hydraulic actuator 14, the platform 15 of the mounting carriage 13 lowers, ceases to interact with the power frame of the conveyor, with each support resting on the ground or platform;

- after fixing the self-aligning shoes to the final position, each is individually locked in its position by the clamping devices of the shoe;

- the mounting trolley is rolled out from under the power frame and can be moved for subsequent work;

- in the presence of mounted adjacent sections, they are connected in a chain by couplers 29 (Fig. 15 - Fig. 17). The coupled sections of the conveyor modules connected by couplers create a rigid spatial structure capable of independently resisting tipping over under local force, including aerodynamic, impact, while stability can be further increased due to the previously mentioned extenders and weighting agents;

- the final operation is the connection of the unloading unit and the loading unit of the conveyors of adjacent modular sections with a telescopic flexible adapter, which allows you to mitigate the vertical and horizontal mismatches of the unloading nodes 5 (previous module) and loading nodes 4 (subsequent module).

At the working stage, the operation of the system and the logistics of operation of the multi-link conveyor (in whole or in part) are monitored in the mode of transportation, idle storage and temporary storage of the transported material. The work itself is the usual work of a conveyor, for example, a conveyor belt, which moves material from loading to unloading and through telescopic adapters to an adjacent section. Monitoring sensors monitor operating parameters and signal overloads, congestion, and mechanical problems. The operator from the remote control can control all the transporters included in the chain in accordance with the current situation.

The preventive maintenance and repair mode provides for maintenance of any section of the conveyor using mounting trolleys that allow personnel 27 to rise to the conveyor and open and tilt the casing 3 into a state for repair work. At the same time, on the inner side of the casing, handrails 28 are fixed, which move from the storage position to the repair position, are installed and fixed on the covers (Fig. 9 - Fig. 11). Handrails exclude involuntary bending through them and falling during work, and also serve as a place for fixing the personnel safety mounting belt. On the inner side of the casings, scaffolds are fixedly fixed, eliminating the slipping of personnel shoes during repair work and protecting the casing from deflection when external shock or static loads are applied to it.

The design of the loading unit 4 provides for the presence of a shutter in the lower part (not shown), which allows you to remove everything that woke up from the conveyor into a technological treatment container.

In addition to the described main units, additional devices (systems) can be placed on the complex, depending on the specific design, such as fire extinguishing, power and lighting devices, security and technological monitoring and alarm devices, hydroelectric station, diesel generator, electric cables, consoles and equipment controls, etc.

The technical result obtained is expressed in greater efficiency of the method compared to existing ones, since this method:

- is the only means in the conditions of dense urban development for the evacuation of a large amount of soil extracted during earthwork, usually requiring a large number of technical means and machine routes for its removal, without introducing interference into the movement of the population and urban transport;

- involves the involvement of a minimum number of staff;

- able to function without prejudice to existing buildings, structures, traffic flows and other urban and industrial activities;

- does not require complete alienation of territories for the duration of work, minimal areas are alienated, a minimum amount of equipment is involved;

- installation work can be done fragmentary along the route with subsequent docking of sections.

- in the process of direct operation, noise, emissions into the atmosphere and to the ground are minimized due to the tightly closed casing, which protects the structure and the transported medium from precipitation.

- work can be organized either continuously on the entire route, or intermittently and progressively along sections of the route;

- Under specific conditions, soil can be stored on tape until the unloading team.

- power can be supplied from various points along the route, including selectively, to specific sections, which saves energy;

- the design allows you to quickly replace faulty modules, carry out their routine maintenance and eliminate minor malfunctions;

- after completion of work, individual modules can work independently in other industries.

Claims (2)

1. Sectional conveyor for moving bulk materials, including construction and household waste, to the required distance through spaces with existing obstacles, characterized in that each of the unified sections contains:
- a supporting power support frame, to which four folding sliding supports are fastened, equipped with support self-aligning shoes, during installation they are transferred from the transport horizontal state to the vertical one, fixed relative to the power support frame in the longitudinal direction by helical braces, and in the transverse cross-shaped beams, with a change in length the supports are determined by the relief of the supporting surface, and the supports themselves, if necessary, acquire greater stability and protection against tipping, I supply Xia expanders supports and weighting support shoes;
- a module of a conveyor closed with a protective casing, equipped with anti-vandal devices in the form of protective shields and traps, rising to the required angle to the horizon, fixed in a predetermined position with an adjustable stop, having movable unloading units and a loading neck at the ends connected during assembly of the conveyor with similar telescopic counterparts a tubular transition that allows you to connect the sections for any of their mutual arrangement and to compensate for their mutual displacements vertically and horizontally, m the walls of the protective casing of the conveyor can open to the sides and turn into a scaffold for maintenance, equipped with stationary removable handrails, fixed on the inner side of the walls. 2. The method of transporting bulk materials using the sectional conveyor according to claim 1, including construction and household waste, to the required distance through spaces with existing obstacles, characterized in that the bulk soil is fed into the receiving unit of a modular unified section, which is inclined for example, a conveyor belt with an individual electric drive, mounted at the required angle and connected to the next section by a hermetic transition, while the supporting frame is It can be installed at the required height relative to the horizon on extendable supports, the length of which can be individually adjusted in accordance with the profile of the supporting surfaces, mounted directly on the ground or construction sites, suspended from existing construction objects, and the construction of the connection sections allows you to lay them any desired configuration , avoid obstacles, pass above or below them, and also through them through openings, to maintain the stability of the supports they are equipped with a self-test pivoting shoes and additionally weighted with easily removable weights, they can be equipped with transverse structures - expanders, and the entire transport chain is sealed by protective folding hinges, which in the open state are used as building platforms with barriers to ensure the safety of installation, construction and repair work, in closed use anti-vandal protection and allow you to use the section as a container for temporary storage of transported material ov.

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