RU2601872C2 - Method of identifying aerial objects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: final estimates of identification features of detected aerial objects are generated at the end of the cycle of scanning space by an on-board radar, taking into account spatial density thereof based on the criterion of the maximum of the likelihood function relative to the current estimates of the identification features thereof, generated by a radar system with an active response during the cycle of scanning space by the on-board radar. This enables to correct all or some of the erroneous current estimates of the identification features of the detected aerial objects, generated by the radar system with an active response during the cycle of scanning space by the on-board radar and arising in conditions of the high spatial density of aerial objects.

EFFECT: high probability of the correct identification of aerial objects within a direct identification subsystem, the formed on-board radar station, the radar system with an active response and an information processing device.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of radio engineering and can be used to create means of identification of airborne objects detected by an airborne radar.

I - число обнаруженных воздушных объектов, приеме и обработке данного запросного сигнала ответчиком РСАО на борту каждого k-го воздушного объекта, где

K - число воздушных объектов, оборудованных ответчиком РСАО, из числа обнаруженных воздушных объектов, формировании и передаче кодированного ответного сигнала ответчиком РСАО с борта каждого k-го воздушного объекта, приеме и обработке данных ответных сигналов, а также формировании текущих оценок идентификационных признаков обнаруженных воздушных объектов

запросчиком РСАО, где g∈[0,1], q=1 - идентификационный признак воздушного объекта, оборудованного ответчиком РСАО и правильно отвечающего на запросный сигнал, q=0 - идентификационный признак воздушного объекта, не оборудованного ответчиком РСАО или не правильно отвечающего на запросный сигнал (см., например, Радиолокационные системы многофункциональных самолетов. Т. 1. РЛС - информационная основа боевых действий многофункциональных самолетов. Системы и алгоритмы первичной обработки радиолокационных сигналов. / Под ред. А.И. Канащенкова и В.И. Меркулова. - М.: «Радиотехника», 2006. - 656 с. С. 623).The closest in technical essence to the claimed method (prototype) is a method for identifying airborne objects, implemented in a radar system with an active response (RSAO), based on their detection and measurement of distances to them using an onboard radar during the space review cycle, formation and transmission encoded request signal by the interrogator of the RSAO in the direction of each i-th air object, where

I - the number of detected airborne objects, the reception and processing of this request signal by the respondent RSAO on board each k-th airborne object, where

K is the number of airborne objects equipped with a RSAO transponder from the number of detected airborne objects, generating and transmitting an encoded response signal by the RSAO transponder from each k-th airborne object, receiving and processing response data, and generating current assessments of the identification features of the detected airborne objects

RSAO interrogator, where g∈ [0,1], q = 1 - identification sign of an air object equipped with RSAO responder and correctly responding to the interrogation signal, q = 0 - identification sign of an air object not equipped with RSAO transponder or not responding correctly to the interrogation signal (see, for example, Radar systems of multifunctional aircraft. T. 1. Radar - the information basis of the combat operations of multifunctional aircraft. Systems and algorithms for the primary processing of radar signals. / Ed. by A.I. Kanaschenkov and V.I. M rkulova -. M .: "Radio", 2006. - 656 pp 623 c)..

The disadvantages of this method include the low probability of correct identification of airborne objects in conditions of their high spatial density. The main reason for this is the occurrence of erroneous assessments of the identification features of airborne objects as a result of superposition of the response signals of several airborne objects within the RSAO uncertainty volume, as well as as a result of linking to the detected airborne object a response signal from another airborne vehicle within the RSAO uncertainty volume.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the likelihood of correct identification of airborne objects within the framework of the direct identification subsystem (PPI), formed by an airborne radar, RSAO and an information processing device (UOI). The technical result is provided at the end of the spaceborne radar space review cycle by correcting all or part of the erroneous estimates of the identification features of the detected airborne objects formed by the RSAO during the space review cycle (current ratings of the identification of airborne objects), by taking into account the influence on the spatial density estimation data of the airborne objects.

J - число состояний вектора возможных идентификационных признаков обнаруженных воздушных объектов, оценивают объем неопределенности радиолокационной системы с активным ответом для каждого i, определяют вероятности формирования правильных текущих оценок идентификационных признаков обнаруженных воздушных объектов с учетом их пространственной плотности, определяют функцию правдоподобия вектора возможных идентификационных признаков обнаруженных воздушных объектов по отношению к их текущим оценкам для каждого j и вектор возможных идентификационных признаков обнаруженных воздушных объектов, соответствующий максимуму данной функции правдоподобия, принимают в качестве вектора итоговых оценок идентификационных признаков обнаруженных воздушных объектов.The specified result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of identification at the end of the cycle of reviewing the space of the airborne radar, the spatial density of airborne objects with identification features q = 1 for each j is estimated, where

J is the number of states of the vector of possible identification features of the detected air objects, estimate the uncertainty of the radar system with an active response for each i, determine the probabilities of forming the correct current estimates of the identification features of the detected air objects taking into account their spatial density, determine the likelihood function of the vector of the possible identification features of the detected air objects objects with respect to their current estimates for each j and the vector of possible id ntifikatsionnyh signs detected air objects corresponding to the maximum of the likelihood function is taken as the final estimates of the vector indicia detected air objects.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the final estimates of the identification features of the detected airborne objects are formed at the end of the on-board radar space review cycle taking into account their spatial density according to the maximum likelihood function criterion with respect to the current estimates of their identification features generated by the RSAO during the on-board radar space review cycle . This allows you to correct all or part of the erroneous current estimates of the identification features of the detected airborne objects formed by the RSAO during the review cycle of the space of the airborne radar and arising under conditions of high spatial density of airborne objects.

This method includes the following steps:

1. During the on-board radar space review cycle:

в соответствии с прототипом;1.1. Detection of airborne objects using on-board radar and measuring their ranges

in accordance with the prototype;

1.2. Generation and transmission of the encoded request signal by the interrogator of the RSAO in accordance with the prototype;

1.3. Reception and processing of the request signal by the respondent RSAO on board each k-th air object in accordance with the prototype;

1.4. The formation and transmission of the encoded response signal by the respondent RSAO from the board of each k-th air object in accordance with the prototype;

запросчиком РСАО в соответствии с прототипом;1.5. Reception, processing of response signals and the formation of current assessments of the identification signs of detected air objects

interrogator RSAO in accordance with the prototype;

2. At the end of the onboard radar space review cycle:

2.1. Input of the initial data: D *, q *, δD _q , δθ _q , δV _r , where δD _q and δθ _q are the resolving powers of the RSAO in range and angular coordinates, respectively, δV _r is the volume of the search zone of the airborne radar;

2.2. Entering a vector of possible identification features of detected air objects for each

2.3. An estimate of the spatial density of airborne objects ρ _j with identification features q = 1 for each j in accordance with the expression

where N _1j is the number of identification features q = 1 contained in the jth vector of possible identification features of detected air objects q _j .

2.4. Estimation of the volume of uncertainty of the RSAO δV _qi for each i in accordance with the expression

2.5. Determination of the probabilities of the formation of correct current assessments of the identification features of detected air objects in the RSAO P _i0j and P _i1j for each i0, i1, j, taking into account the spatial density of the detected air objects, in accordance with the expressions

I₀=I₁=I, I₀ - число идентификационных признаков q=0, содержащихся в j-м векторе q_j, I₁  ^_ число идентификационных признаков q=1, содержащихся в j-м векторе q_j;where P _i0 is the probability of the formation of the RSAO of the correct current assessment of the identification sign q = 0, P _i1j is the probability of the formation of the RSAO of the correct current assessment of the identification sign q = 1,

I = I ₀ = I _1, I ₀ - number of indicia q = 0 contained in the j-th vector q _j, I ₁ ^_ number of indicia q = 1 contained in the j-th vector q _j;

по отношению к их текущим оценкам для каждого j в соответствии с выражением2.6. Determining the likelihood function of the vector of possible identification features of detected air objects

with respect to their current estimates for each j in accordance with the expression

в соответствии со следующим решающим правилом2.7. Formation of a decision on the vector of final assessments of the identification features of detected air objects to the maximum likelihood function

in accordance with the following decision rule

This method can be implemented, for example, using a device whose structural diagram is shown in figure 1, where it is indicated: 1 - identifying object, 2 - information processing device; 3 - synchronizer; 4 - airborne radar; 5 - RSAO interrogator; 6.1, ... 6.k, ... 6.K - airborne objects with an identification sign q = 1; 7.1, ... 1.k, ... 7.K - RSAO defendants located at air targets 6.1, ... 6.k, ... 6.K, respectively.

в течение цикла обзора пространства на стороне идентифицирующего объекта 1 в соответствии с прототипом. Запросчик РСАО 5 предназначен для формирования и передачи кодированного запросного сигнала, для приема и обработки кодированных ответных сигналов, переданных с ответчиков РСАО 7.1, …7.k, …1.K, а также для формирования текущих оценок идентификационных признаков

обнаруженных воздушных объектов в соответствии с прототипом. Ответчики РСАО 7.1, …7.k, …1.K предназначены для приема и обработки кодированного запросного сигнала на борту воздушных объектов 6.1, …6.k, …6.K, а также для формирования и передачи кодированных ответных сигналов.The information processing device 2 is intended for processing information received from the airborne radar 4 and the interrogator RSAO 5 in accordance with expressions (1-5), as well as for forming a decision on the vector of final assessments of the identification signs q ** of detected air objects in accordance with the expression ( 6). Synchronizer 3 is designed to synchronize the operation of the elements of the device on board the identifying object 1. On-board radar 4 is designed to detect airborne objects and measure their distance

during the cycle of the review of the space on the side of the identifying object 1 in accordance with the prototype. The RFAO interrogator 5 is intended for generating and transmitting an encoded interrogation signal, for receiving and processing encoded response signals transmitted from RSAO 7.1, ... 7.k, ... 1.K transponders, as well as for generating current assessments of identification features

detected air objects in accordance with the prototype. RSAO responders 7.1, ... 7.k, ... 1.K are designed to receive and process the encoded request signal on board airborne objects 6.1, ... 6.k, ... 6.K, as well as to generate and transmit encoded response signals.

на стороне идентифицирующего объекта 1 в соответствии с прототипом. После обнаружения очередного воздушного объекта запросчик РСАО 5 формирует и передает кодированный запросный сигнал в соответствии с прототипом. Ответчики РСАО 7.1, …7.k, …1.K принимают и обрабатывают данный запросный сигнал по мере его поступления на воздушные объекты 6.1, …6.k, …6.K и затем формируют и передают кодированные ответные сигналы в соответствии с прототипом. Запросчик РСАО принимает и обрабатывает данные ответные сигналы, а также формирует текущие оценки идентификационных признаков

обнаруженных воздушных объектов в соответствии с прототипом. По окончании цикла обзора пространства бортовой РЛС 4 информация от данной станции и РСАО поступает в устройство обработки информации 2. Устройство обработки информации 2 обрабатывает информацию, поступившую от бортовой РЛС 4 и запросчика РСАО 5 в соответствии с выражениями (1-5), и формирует решение о векторе итоговых оценок идентификационных признаков q обнаруженных воздушных объектов в соответствии с выражением 6.The device operates as follows. The synchronizer 3 synchronizes the operation of the device elements on board the identifying object 1. During the space review cycle, the on-board radar 4 detects airborne objects and generates estimates of the distances to them

on the side of the identifying object 1 in accordance with the prototype. After the discovery of the next air object, the interrogator RSAO 5 generates and transmits an encoded interrogation signal in accordance with the prototype. RSAO transponders 7.1, ... 7.k, ... 1.K receive and process this interrogation signal as it arrives at the airborne objects 6.1, ... 6.k, ... 6.K and then generate and transmit encoded response signals in accordance with the prototype. The RSAO interrogator receives and processes response data, and also generates current estimates of identification features

detected air objects in accordance with the prototype. At the end of the review cycle of the space of the airborne radar 4, information from this station and the RSAO is fed to the information processing device 2. The information processing device 2 processes the information received from the airborne radar 4 and the interrogator of the RSAO 5 in accordance with expressions (1-5), and generates a solution on the vector of final assessments of the identification features q of detected air objects in accordance with expression 6.

To determine the effectiveness of the proposed method by conducting statistical tests on simulation models of PPI and RSAO, the indicators P and P ₁ were estimated, where P is the probability of correct identification of air objects in the PPI, functioning in accordance with the proposed method; P ₁ - the probability of correct identification of airborne objects in the RSAO, functioning in accordance with the prototype.

To characterize the effectiveness of the proposed method was determined by the increase in the probability of correct identification of air objects in the PPI due to the application of the proposed method in relation to this indicator using the prototype

Depending on the conditions of the tests, this increase amounted to 10%.

The proposed technical solution is new, because from publicly available information there is no known method for the integrated processing of information from the RSAO and the airborne radar in the framework of the direct identification subsystem taking into account the spatial density of airborne objects in the search area of the airborne radar.

The proposed technical solution has an inventive step, since it does not explicitly follow from published scientific data and known technical solutions that the use of integrated information processing from airborne radar and RSAO, taking into account the spatial density of airborne objects, increases the likelihood of their correct identification.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, since for its implementation elements that are widespread in the field of electronic and electrical engineering can be used.

Claims (1)

A method for identifying airborne objects based on their detection and measuring distances to them using an onboard radar during a space review cycle, generating and transmitting an encoded request signal by a radar system interrogator with an active response in the direction of each i-th airborne object, where $$i=\overline{\mathrm{one,}I}$$

, I - the number of detected airborne objects, the reception and processing of this request signal by the responder of the radar system with an active response on board each k-th airborne object, where $$k=\overline{\mathrm{one,}K}$$

, K is the number of airborne objects equipped with a transponder of a radar system with an active response from among the detected airborne objects, generating and transmitting an encoded response signal by a transponder of a radar system with an active response from each k-th airborne object, receiving and processing data of response signals, and formation of current assessments of identification features of detected air objects $$q_i^{*}$$

an interrogator of a radar system with an active response, where g∈ [0, 1], q = 1 is the identification sign of an air object equipped with a transponder of a radar system with an active response and correctly responding to a request signal, q = 0 is an identification sign of an air object not equipped a transponder of a radar system with an active response or incorrectly responding to a request signal, characterized in that at the end of the space survey cycle of the airborne radar, the spatial density of airborne objects is estimated with the identification signs of q = 1 for every j, where $$j=\overline{\mathrm{one,}J}$$

, J is the number of states of the vector of possible identification features of the detected air objects, estimate the uncertainty volume of the radar system with an active response for each i, determine the probabilities of forming the correct current estimates of the identification features of the detected air objects taking into account their spatial density, determine the likelihood function of the vector of possible identification signs of the detected air objects objects with respect to their current estimates for each j and the vector of possible id The identification features of detected air objects corresponding to the maximum of this likelihood function are taken as the vector of final assessments of the identification features of detected air objects.

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