RU2601177C2 - Device for increasing accuracy of measurements - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a device for increasing measurement accuracy. Device consists of memory units, divider unit, test unit and multiplier units, characterised by that device further includes an operator panel consisting of an information display unit, input of which is input of device, and control unit, one output of test unit is connected to input of information display unit whose output is connected to input of control unit, outputs of which through first and second memory units are connected to input of divider unit, output of which is connected to input of third memory unit, output of which and second output of test unit are connected to inputs of multiplier units, output of which is output of device.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of accuracy of measurement values.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to educational systems and can be used for professional selection, as well as in the field of socio-economic research.

There are various methods and devices for collecting and processing information using the method of expert assessments.

The most important problem is the forecast of the development of the socio-economic process. When collecting primary data in marketing, the most common data collection method is the survey, as well as the method of expert evaluation (see Kotler F. Marketing Basics. M .: Business Book, 1995).

There are three forecasting methods: estimated, expert, statistical.

A disadvantage of the known devices is the low reliability of the measurement results due to the subjective assessment of the human factor.

Closest to the claimed invention in terms of the totality of existing features and the achieved result is a device for improving the accuracy of measurement results, containing blocks of addition, multiplication and division, as well as a block for generating a test signal (see Bromberg E.M., Kulikovsky K.L. Test methods improving measurement accuracy. - M .: Energy, 1978, pp. 11-14, 52-59).

However, in the known devices compensation is provided only part of the measurement error.

The problem to which the present invention is directed is to increase the accuracy and simplify the measurement procedure.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the operator panel consisting of an information display unit, the input of which is the input of the device, and a control unit, is additionally introduced into the device for compensating the measurement error, consisting of a memory unit, a test unit, a division unit and a multiplication unit one output of the test unit is connected to the input of the information display unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the control unit, the outputs of which are connected to the input of the division unit through the first and second memory unit, the output of which is connected chen to the third input of the storage unit, the output of which and the second output of the test unit are connected to the inputs of multiplier whose output is the output of the apparatus.

When solving this problem, a technical result is created that consists in compensating for the multiplicative measurement error.

It is known (see Bromberg EM, Kulikovsky KL Test methods for increasing the accuracy of measurements. - M .: Energy, 1978, pp. 11-14, 52-59) that the generalized characteristic of the measuring process can be represented as

where x is the measured value; y is the output value during the measurement; and ... c - parameters of the measured value.

Under the influence of external and internal factors on the measuring process, the parameters, and ... in change their values, which leads to measurement errors.

In the general case, with test methods for increasing the accuracy of measurements, the process consists of several clock cycles. First, the main quantity is measured, then tests, each of which is a function of the measured quantity x, the results of the main and additional measurements form the so-called test algorithm, which allows to increase the accuracy of the measurement results of a process.

In practice, the most common are linear trending models of the form Y = ah,

where a is the slope of the measured characteristic.

With various kinds of impact on the measurement process, the parameter a changes, which leads to measurement errors:

- a change in the parameter a leads to a multiplicative measurement error.

To reduce the influence of this error on the measurement process, a device is proposed using test methods to increase accuracy.

The essence of the device is to perform a number of measurement procedures with the inclusion in the algorithm of increasing the accuracy of a predetermined test quantity Q, which is identical to the measured parameter x.

We write the real forecast model of price changes over the year x (t) for food products (sausages) in the form

b is a coefficient characterizing the rate of change in the price of a product over time (rubles / year),

t - time parameter (year).

The trend of food prices, built using expert judgment U1 (t), has a multiplicative measurement error due to the human factor.

An example of a specific implementation of the device to improve the accuracy of measurements

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a device for improving measurement accuracy.

The device contains: 1 - test block Q; 2 - software operator console, consisting of: 3 - BI information display unit and 4 - BU control unit; 5 the first memory unit of the measured value BP1; 6 - the second memory block of the test value BP2; 7 - database division unit; 8 - the third block of memory operations division BP3; 9 - block multiplication BU.

The proposed device operates as follows.

1. Information about the measured value x (t) is received at the input of unit 3 of the operator panel. The expert gives an expert assessment of this value, which, using the control unit's control unit, is recorded in the memory unit BP1.

where a is the multiplicative error of trend measurement using expert estimates.

2. Information about the test value Q is received at the input of the BI unit of the operator panel. The expert gives an expert assessment of this value, which, using the operator panel's control unit, is recorded in the memory unit BP2.

The result is recorded in the memory unit BP2.

3. In the database division unit, the operation of dividing equation (3) by equation (2) is performed, as a result of which we compensate for the measurement error due to the coefficient - a. The result is recorded in the memory unit BP3

4. We multiply equation (4) by the test quantity Q, we get the measured quantity without error - and

Thus, by compensating for the error a caused by the inaccuracy of the expert evaluation, we increase the accuracy of measuring marketing research.

Comparative data of an experimental verification of the measurement accuracy of the proposed device.

To test the operating principle of "Devices for improving the accuracy of measurements" a simulation model was developed using the Mathcad program (Fig. 2 - verification of the operation of the method for increasing the accuracy of measurements). The real trend x (t) and the trend obtained using the expert assessment method U1 (t, a, b) were measured without compensation of the measurement error (Fig. 2).

Xr (t, a, b, Q) - trend obtained by experts using test methods to improve the accuracy of measurement results (solid line);

U1 (t, a, b) - a trend obtained by the method of expert evaluation without compensation for measurement error (dotted line);

x (t) - real trend (dashed line).

As can be seen from FIG. 2, a large measurement error occurred - s (t, a, b, Q), the calculations of which are shown in FIG. 3 - relative measurement error.

When using the proposed device for increasing the accuracy of measurements, which allows to compensate for this error, a trend is obtained - Xr (t, a, b, Q) (Fig. 2. solid line), which practically does not differ from the real x (t) (dashed line).

The studies showed that the real trend x (t) (dashed line) and the calculated trend obtained by experts using test methods to improve the accuracy of the measurement results Y1 (t, a, b) (solid line) are almost identical. The trend obtained by the expert assessment method without compensation of the multiplicative error U1 (t, a, b) (dotted line) has a large error.

Claims (1)

A device for improving the measurement accuracy, consisting of memory blocks, a division block, a test block and a multiplication block, characterized in that an operator panel is additionally introduced into the device, consisting of an information display unit, the input of which is the input of the device, and a control unit, one test output of the unit is connected to the input of the information display unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the control unit, the outputs of which through the first and second memory unit are connected to the input of the division unit, the output of which is connected to One of the third memory block, the output of which and the second output of the test block are connected to the inputs of the multiplication block, the output of which is the output of the device.

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