RU2601095C2 - Automotive tire and antiskid stud - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: stud comprises a body and a hard-alloy pin fixed in the body of the stud. Head of hard-alloy pin (5) intended for contact with the ground surface has a convex relief and includes in axial direction (A) of hard-alloy pin (5) partial surfaces (51) acting at different depths of the ground surface. Of the said partial surfaces (51) at least one is made as a concave so that in the convex relief there are formed at least two projections (52).

EFFECT: technical result is improved adhesion with the road surface.

14 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a car tire including a wear surface for contact with the ground when rolling, in which a wear surface pattern is formed, including annular and transverse grooves for removing water from the tire contact area with the ground, as well as anti-skid studs mounted on the wear surface comprising a tenon body and a carbide pin fixed to the tenon body.

The present invention also relates to anti-skid studs that can be mounted in a car tire as an anti-skid tool. Such a tenon includes a tenon body and a carbide pin fixed to the tenon body.

State of the art

Car tires are known, in particular winter tires, intended for snow-covered and icy ground, in which anti-slip metal spikes are mounted to improve grip. The function of such spikes is to crash into ice and thus form a mechanical bond between the ground and the tire for the short time that the spike makes contact with the ground when the tire is rolled to an appropriate location on the surface. A typical spike includes the body of a spike made of light metal or similar material, and a pin made of hard alloy, and, strictly speaking, only the pin is designed to contact the surface of the earth.

Several different cross-sectional shapes of a carbide pin are known in the art. In particular, in patent document WO 98/56976, most of the basic shapes (triangle, semicircle, square, etc.) are arranged in a random orientation relative to the longitudinal axis of the tenon. Patent documents US 7900669 and RU 2319617 represent the orientation of the square spike, in which the diagonal of the square is within certain limits parallel to the peripheral direction of the tire.

GB 1022137 is also known from the prior art, in which a tubular, sleeve-like stud design with a stud body is presented, in which the upper edge of the tubular bush in contact with the ground surface includes openings. JP08099507 also discloses a genus of a V-shaped slot in the upper part of the tenon body.

Disclosure of invention

Thus, the object of the invention is to further improve studded tires and their grip characteristics. One of the objectives of the invention is to propose a new type of anti-skid studs, which include a carbide pin, the shape of which differs from the known types. Using it, an attempt is made to achieve a decrease in the force acting on the spike even with a more effective incision into ice and snow.

A feature of the automobile tire according to the present invention is that the head of the carbide pin intended for contact with the surface of the earth has a convex relief and includes in the axial direction of the carbide pin partial surfaces acting at different depths from the surface of the earth. At least one of these partial surfaces is indented so that at least two protrusions are formed in the convex relief.

Further, a feature of the tenon according to the present invention is that the carbide pin head for contacting the ground has a convex relief and includes axial direction of the carbide pin partial surfaces acting at different depths from the ground. At least one of these partial surfaces is indented so that at least two protrusions are formed in the convex relief.

One embodiment of the present invention is a car tire having a wearing surface for contact with the ground when rolling. A relief is formed in this wear surface, including annular and transverse grooves to remove water from the tire contact area with the ground, as well as anti-skid studs mounted on the wear surface, including the stud body and a carbide pin fixed to the stud body. The head of a carbide pin intended for contact with the surface of the earth has a convex relief and includes in the axial direction of the carbide pin partial surfaces acting at different depths from the surface of the earth. At least one of these partial surfaces is indented so that at least two protrusions or tips are formed in the convex relief. These at least two protrusions or tips together can be created in a carbide pin, for example, by forming with one or more grooves or grooves, with the formation of the desired type of convex relief of the carbide pin. Grooves or undercuts can also intersect with each other, forming a convex relief from a convex relief. A convex relief does not thus imply a single sharp or convex carbide pin or a relief formed by several sharp or convex carbide pins. You can also note the design with two points formed with one intersecting diameter, in which the said intersecting diameter, in the case of an annular convex relief, forms two protrusions or points.

By “hard alloy” in this context is meant, in particular, a hard alloy in the traditional sense. A hard alloy in a typical case is a wear-resistant metal composite material, which may contain tungsten in the form of a carbide compound, and most often cobalt as a binder. The mixture may also include carbides of titanium, tantalum, molybdenum or vanadium, as well as various ceramic materials corresponding to the hard alloy in terms of strength and wear resistance or, in particular, wear-resistant polymers, which in this context can be considered as materials comparable to hard alloys. For the purposes of the present invention, a desirable direction in the development of the material is to increase the cracking strength, since the recesses created by said convex relief may slightly increase the tendency of the carbide pin to crack. In one embodiment, the convex relief of the carbide pin has an axial depth of not more than 50% of the smallest cross-sectional diameter of the carbide pin. One feature of this characteristic is related to the cracking just mentioned; the larger the corresponding size, the greater the likelihood of cracking. On the other hand, a large difference in depth improves penetration into an icy surface, so that when using modern materials, the mentioned 50% is approximately the limit value for the practical limit depths. This limit value of 50% does not necessarily apply to tubular forms in which a continuous edge supports the structure, making it less prone to cracking.

The cross section of the carbide pin may be round, oval, square, rectangular, diamond-shaped, may take the form of a parallelogram, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, star - corresponding to the above or other shapes. Thus, in practice, a convex relief can be created in a carbide pin having a cross section in general of almost any shape. The use of different cross sections of a carbide pin can affect, and even significantly, the performance of a car tire equipped with anti-skid spikes, as well as a change in the orientation of this cross section in the peripheral direction, i.e. direction of rolling. The use of this convex relief now creates an additional parameter of influence on the forces of interaction between the surface of the earth and the anti-skid spikes.

Further, in one embodiment, the intersecting grooves or undercuts are oriented diagonally relative to the peripheral direction of the tire. In this case, the grooves of the convex relief form - like diagonally oriented square spikes - anti-skid spikes that cut extremely well into the surface of the earth. Examination of individual studs in this case shows that the intersecting grooves or grooves are oriented diagonally with respect to the shape of the stud body.

In another embodiment of the present invention, intersecting grooves or grooves are oriented parallel to the peripheral direction of the tire. Like diagonally oriented, the spikes work well and, under certain conditions, differently than those set diagonally. Further, examination of the individual tenons shows that the intersecting grooves or grooves are oriented parallel to the tenon body shape.

Brief List of Drawings

Below the present invention is described in more detail with reference to embodiments, accompanied by figures, which represent:

1 shows various convex reliefs of a carbide pin of anti-skid studs when viewed in the axial direction;

figure 2 shows a side view of a spike in one of the embodiments.

The implementation of the invention

Figure 1 shows various embodiments of the invention, in which the head of the carbide pin 5, intended for contact with the earth's surface, includes a convex relief, and the head of the carbide pin 5 includes in the axial direction A of the carbide pin 5 partial surfaces 51 operating at different depths from the surface of the earth. At least one of these partial surfaces 51 is made in the form of a recess, so that at least two protrusions 52 are formed in the convex relief. In FIG. 1, the aforementioned elements are indicated by reference numbers only for the left extreme variant of the upper row, so how the corresponding elements are easily identified in other embodiments and without reference numbers.

As can be seen from Figure 1, the convex relief of the carbide pin can be formed by one or more grooves or undercuts. Further, the cross section of the carbide pin may be round, oval, square, rectangular, diamond-shaped, may take the form of a parallelogram, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, star, corresponding to the above or other shapes. Grooves and undercuts in some embodiments overlap to form a rugged relief from a convex relief. Further, intersecting grooves or undercuts can be oriented diagonally with respect to the peripheral direction of the tire. In another alternative, intersecting grooves or undercuts are oriented parallel to the peripheral direction of the tire. Using this, you can, if necessary, enhance the characteristics of the tire, affecting traction during acceleration / braking or affecting lateral grip depending on, for example, other characteristic features of the tire.

Figure 2 shows in side view (from the peripheral or axial direction of the tire) an anti-skid stud that can be mounted in the car tire as a means of sliding, and this stud includes a stud body 4 and a carbide pin 5 fixed to the stud body 4. The head of the carbide pin 5, intended for contact with the surface of the earth, includes a convex relief. The head of the carbide pin 5 includes in the axial direction A of the carbide pin 5 partial surfaces 51 acting at different depths from the surface of the earth, and at least one of these partial surfaces 51 is made in the form of a recess, so that at least at least two protrusions 52. The convex relief of the carbide pin in the axial direction has a depth h of not more than 50% of the smallest cross-sectional diameter of the carbide pin. Thus, in this embodiment, the size h determines the height difference of the convex relief at this location: from the bottom of the groove to the highest point of the protrusion or tip.

The present invention and various embodiments thereof are not limited to the above examples of embodiments. The individual features presented may be included in the device according to the present invention independently of the other individual features presented. The features contained in the claims and describing the presence of characteristic features are open in the sense that the presentation of characteristic features does not preclude the use of such features that are not represented in the independent or dependent claims.

Claims (14)

1. A car tire having a wear surface for contact with the ground when rolling, in which a wear surface pattern is formed, including annular and transverse grooves for removing water from the tire contact area with the ground, as well as anti-skid studs mounted on the wear surface, comprising the body of the stud (4) and the carbide pin (5) mounted in the body of the stud, characterized in that the head of the carbide pin (5), designed to contact the ground, has a bulge a relief, the said head having in the axial direction (A) of the carbide pin (5) partial surfaces (51) acting at different depths from the surface of the earth, of which at least one is made in the form of a recess, so that they are formed in the convex relief, at least two protrusions (52). 2. The tire according to claim 1, characterized in that the convex relief of the carbide pin has an axial depth (h) of not more than 50% of the smallest cross-sectional diameter of the carbide pin. 3. The tire according to claim 1, characterized in that the convex relief of the carbide pin is formed using one or more grooves or grooves. 4. The tire according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the carbide pin is round, oval, square, rectangular, rhomboid, has the shape of a parallelogram, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, star, corresponding to the above or other shapes. 5. The tire according to claim 3, characterized in that the grooves or undercuts intersect each other, forming a rugged relief from the convex relief. 6. The tire according to claim 5, characterized in that the intersecting grooves or undercuts are oriented diagonally relative to the peripheral direction of the tire. 7. The tire according to claim 5, characterized in that the intersecting grooves or undercuts are oriented parallel to the peripheral direction of the tire. 8. An anti-skid stud made with the possibility of installing in an automobile tire as an anti-skid tool, comprising a stud body and a carbide pin fixed in the stud body, characterized in that the carbide pin head (5), intended for contact with the earth's surface, has a convex relief and includes in the axial direction (A) of the carbide pin (5) partial surfaces (51) acting at different depths from the surface of the earth, of which at least one is made in the form of a recess, so that it is convex elefe formed by at least two projections (52). 9. The stud according to claim 8, characterized in that the convex relief of the carbide pin (5) in the axial direction has a depth (h) of not more than 50% of the smallest cross-sectional diameter of the carbide pin (5). 10. A stud according to claim 8, characterized in that the convex relief of the carbide pin (5) is formed using one or more grooves or grooves. 11. The stud according to claim 8, characterized in that the cross section of the carbide pin (5) is round, oval, square, rectangular, rhomboid, has the shape of a parallelogram, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, star, corresponding to the above or other shapes. 12. The spike according to claim 10, characterized in that the grooves or undercuts intersect each other, forming a rugged relief from the convex relief. 13. The spike according to claim 12, characterized in that the intersecting grooves or undercuts are oriented diagonally with respect to the spike body. 14. The spike according to claim 12, characterized in that the intersecting grooves or undercuts are oriented parallel to the spike body.

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