RU2597470C1 - Device for electro-plastic equal-channel angular pressing of metals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metalworking.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal forming, namely to devices for hardening the material in processing. Device contains a female die with two crossing channels, a male die, contacts for supply of pulse or direct current to the workpiece. Simplified design with reduction of the deformation force, improving the structure and physical-mechanical properties of materials are ensured by that the female die is made from an electro-insulating material, for example, granite or marble, and the male die is from a basalt-plastic material.

EFFECT: positive and negative contacts are brought to the area of the channels intersection from opposed sides of the female die channel.

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Description

The invention relates to the processing of materials by pressure, and in particular to devices for hardening the material during processing.

A device for equal channel angular pressing of metals containing a matrix with two intersecting channels located in it [Valiev R.Z., Alexandrov I.V. Nanostructured materials obtained by intense plastic deformation. - M .: Logos, 2000 .-- S. 13, Fig. 1.1, b].

The disadvantage of this device is certain restrictions on the deformation processing of hardly deformable metals and alloys.

The known device for equal channel angular pressing of metals, selected as a prototype, contains a matrix with two intersecting channels located in it, a punch, electrical insulators and contacts for supplying pulsed or direct current to the workpiece with a positive contact to the channel intersection zone, and negative contact to the workpiece [RF patent 2429926, MKI B21C 25/00, publ. 09/27/2011 (prototype)].

A disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of the design of the device.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design of the device for equal-channel angular pressing with the possibility of processing difficult to process blanks, including bulk.

The problem is achieved in that in a device for electroplastic equal channel angular pressing of metals containing a matrix with two intersecting channels located in it, a punch, electrical insulators and contacts for supplying pulsed or direct current to the workpiece, according to the invention, the matrix is made of durable electrical insulation material, for example, granite or marble, and the punch - from basalt-plastic material, the supply of positive and negative contacts to the zone of intersection of the channels stvlyayut with mutually opposite sides of the channel matrix.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive device for electroplastic equal-channel angular pressing of metals is distinguished by the execution of the matrix and the punch from a durable electrical insulation material, which provides electrical insulation of the device, the supply of pulsed or direct current directly to the channel crossing zone, which allows to realize an electroplastic effect in the workpiece in the zone implement simple shear and improve the performance of the technological operation on equal channel th angular pressing bulk metal blank by reducing the applied force.

A device for electroplastic equal-channel angular pressing of metals contains a matrix and a punch of durable electrical insulating material, a vertical channel and a horizontal channel intersecting with it. The positive and negative poles are led to the workpiece in the zone of simple shear by means of contacts made of conductive material, such as copper, and pressed into holes made in the opposite walls of the matrix channel.

A device for electroplastic equal-channel angular pressing of metals works as follows.

In the vertical channel of the matrix of durable electrical insulating material, for example, granite or marble, a metal billet is installed, which, under the influence of a punch of basalt-plastic material, is pressed into a horizontal channel. The workpiece, moving from a vertical channel to a horizontal channel, is deformed at the intersection of the channels, as in equal-channel angular pressing. At the intersection of the channels, a constant or pulsed current passes through the billet, due to which the deformation force is reduced due to the arising electroplastic effect.

Using the proposed device design for electroplastic equal-channel angular pressing with the possibility of applying to the workpiece a pulsed or direct current of a certain density, duration and repetition rate, the strain force can be reduced, contributing to an increase in productivity, and the structure and physicomechanical properties of the material can be improved.

Claims (1)

A device for electroplastic equal-channel angular pressing of metals, containing a matrix with two intersecting channels located in it, a punch, positive and negative contacts for supplying pulsed or direct current to the workpiece, characterized in that the matrix is made of durable electrical insulation material in the form of granite or marble, and the punch is made of basalt-plastic material, while the positive and negative contacts for supplying pulsed or direct current to the workpiece are placed in the zone of intersection of the channels on the opposite walls of the channel of the matrix.