RU2596687C2 - Support-centring article for prevention of pipe insulation coating in protective jacket (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention comprises the parts of metal shell rings coupled by split joints with turnbuckles at their ends. The said metal shell rings as-assembled make the closed ring with an ID equal to the diameter of an assembled pipe at the point of location of the mounted device. Supports are composed of the rollers, radial bars or slides of a wear-proof dielectric material arranged on the ring outer surface. Note here that the said supports are arranged and secured in a staggered manner. This invention discloses the options of implementation depending on the conditions of the pipe running.

EFFECT: safe protection of the pipe insulation coating, easier and reliable running of the pipe in a protective jacket, guaranteed clearance between the pipe and the protective jacket.

8 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction of pipeline transport and is used in the construction of crossings under roads, railways and water barriers as supports intended for pulling a pipeline inside another pipe, inside a protective casing or in a concrete tunnel.

It is known that during the construction of pipelines, railways and roads, shipping, irrigation canals and various underground utilities are the most serious artificial obstacles. In accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.05.06.-85 * the indicated sections of pipelines belong to category I. The pipeline is located in a metal case - a protective casing or a concrete tunnel, the diameter of which should be greater than the diameter of the laid pipeline. The laid pipeline is covered with anticorrosive insulation and a protective pad. The casing has a length exceeding the length of the obstacle by the amount specified by SNiP.

After laying the casing under the obstacle, a pre-prepared lash is dragged through it - the working pipeline (hereinafter referred to as the pipeline). To facilitate dragging, the supporting devices provided for by the project are fixed on the pipeline. These devices not only facilitate the process of pulling the pipeline, but also fix its position in the casing in such a way that electrical contact between the casing and the pipeline is excluded (BORODAVKIN P.P. et al. Construction of main pipelines. M., Nedra, 1987, p. 338 , 339, 345).

The prior art various support devices for moving industrial equipment, long objects, including pipelines.

Known support for a pipeline dragged inside another pipe or protective casing containing rolling elements in the form of rollers (RU 2023935, 1994). In a known solution, the rollers are arranged along a helix with a distance between them equal to the pitch of the screw. Applying axial force to the tail of the dragged pipeline and creating a torque, they achieve its “screw-like” advancement inside the casing.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the impossibility of its use when pulling pipes at distances exceeding 100 m, for example, when laying a passage under a water obstacle, when the casing has a bend, descent and rise, as well as in the case of using large diameter pipes.

This technical solution requires the use of considerable means and bulky equipment to move the main pipe in the axial direction and at the same time give it a rotational movement.

It is known "support ring for the passage of steel pipelines through roads and railways, laid in a protective casing (case)", containing metal shells fastened together by detachable joints and fixed on their outer surface supports made of dielectric material (TU 1469-001 -01297858-98, VNIIST, M., 1998).

The disadvantages of the known solutions are the complexity and complexity of the design, the need for significant traction when pulling the pipeline, the possibility of electrical contact of the supports with a protective casing as a result of abrasion of the sliding elements of the support-sliders made of polyethylene.

Closest to the claimed group of inventions is a known support-centering product for the protection of the insulating coating of the pipeline in a protective casing containing metal shells fastened together by detachable joints with ties at their ends. The metal shells in the assembly form a closed ring, the inner diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the equipped pipeline at the place of installation of the product on it. To exclude contact of the shell with the inner surface of the casing, the product is equipped with supports equally spaced in the circumferential direction of the ring, while the supports on the outer surface of the ring are staggered (see positive decision on application No. 2013106633/06).

Since the dragged pipe section and the casing are not aligned and the traditional BEFC prismatic elements of the pipe supports in their places of support on the inner surface of the casing are not located along the AB chord (see Fig. 1), the contact of the support elements with the inner surface of the casing ridge “C”, which is internal relative to the vertical diametrical plane of the pipeline.

Experimental work showed that when the pipeline is dragged along, abrasion of the support elements occurs, the gap between the pipeline and the casing decreases, and with significant transition lengths, electrical contact of the BCCM metal elements with the protective casing can occur.

Thus, there is the task of creating support-centering products (hereinafter referred to as OTsKM) to protect the insulation coating of the pipeline in a protective casing, increasing the manufacturability and reliability of pulling the pipeline in it at different transition lengths.

With a significant transition length, for example, exceeding 500 m, this problem is solved by the fact that the support-centering product for the protection of the insulation coating of the pipeline in a protective casing contains metal shells fastened together by detachable joints and forming a closed ring assembly with threaded ties at their ends, moreover the inner diameter of the closed ring is equal to the diameter of the equipped pipeline at the place of installation of the product on it, and on the outer surface of the ring is placed and fixed along its from 2 located on the lower segment of the ring with a central angle of 90 degrees between the supports, at least up to 12 supports equally spaced in the circumferential direction of the ring, the sliding or rolling elements of which are made of wear-resistant dielectric material, while the supports on the outer surface of the ring are relatively its axes are staggered, and at least the elements of the two lower supports symmetrically located relative to the vertical diametrical plane of the pipeline of the support are relatively large of the sides of the inclined support surface with the excess of the height of the outer relative to the vertical diametrical plane of the pipeline of the lateral surface of the support element above the height of the inner side surface of the corresponding support element, these support surfaces form an angle φ determined by the mathematical dependence:

φ = 180-α + 2β,

 where α is the central angle corresponding to the specified lower supports;

β is the angle of inclination of the supporting surface of each element of these supports,

which is 2 to 12 degrees.

In the particular case of performing the BCC, the elements of the sliding supports are made in the form of prismatic sliders or in the form of rods arranged radially relative to the pipeline and fixed in metal boxes.

In addition, the elements of these rolling bearings are made in the form of conical rollers, and the angle of inclination of the supporting surface p is the angle between the axis of the conical roller and the generatrix of the conical surface, which is 2-12 degrees.

In addition, this problem is solved by the fact that, according to an embodiment of the invention, the support-centering product for protecting the pipe insulation coating in the protective casing comprises fastened together by detachable connections and forming a closed ring metal shell assembly with threaded ties at their ends, the inner diameter of the closed ring equal to the diameter of the equipped pipeline at the place of installation of the product on it, and on the outer surface of the ring is placed and fixed along its generators from 2, races located on the lower segment of the ring with a central angle between the supports of 90 degrees, at least up to 12 supports equally spaced in the circumferential direction of the said ring, the sliding elements of which are made of wear-resistant dielectric material, and the supports on the outer surface of the ring relative to its axis are staggered, at least two lower supports symmetrically located relative to the vertical diametrical plane of the pipeline are made in the form of located and fixed in metal x boxes cylindrical sliding elements, the longitudinal axis of each of them and its fastening axis parallel to the pipeline axis are disposed in its radial plane and is coaxial with, the axis of fastening of each of said sliding elements disposed between its longitudinal axis and the outer surface of the pipeline.

In addition, the longitudinal axis of each of these cylindrical sliding elements is located at the level of the end of the corresponding metal box of the support or outside it. In the particular case of the product, the longitudinal axis of each of these cylindrical sliding elements is located between the end of the corresponding metal support box and the outer surface of the pipeline, and these sliding elements rest on the bottom of the metal support box.

Moreover, the axis of attachment of each of these cylindrical sliding elements is located from its longitudinal axis at a distance of 0.2-0.6 radius of the corresponding cylindrical support element.

With an increase in the number of product supports, the central angle between the supports will decrease and the pipeline will turn “softer” when dragging it. With a small number of supports, the pipeline is rotated by a larger central angle and the next support comes into contact with the inner surface of the casing with a large dynamic load, practically with an impact, which can lead to destruction of the support, especially with large diameters of the dragged pipeline, for example, more than 1 m.

The arrangement of the supports on the ring in a checkerboard pattern with longitudinal displacement contributes to better movement ("overload") of the support through obstacles in the casing, for example through the weld bead (metal casing), through cracks (the casing is made of concrete tubing), as well as through obstacles in in the form of bolts, nuts, tools forgotten in the casing.

In addition, overcoming obstacles, such as cracks, contributes to the implementation of the support element in the form of a roller. From the course of theoretical mechanics it is known that the rolling body (wheel, roller) overcomes an obstacle whose height does not exceed 1/3 of the radius of the rolling body.

The implementation of the elements of the supports with an inclined supporting surface provides a better fit of these elements to the inner surface of the casing and at times reduces their wear when dragging the pipeline.

The implementation of the support elements in the form of cylindrical sliding elements located and fixed in metal boxes, the longitudinal axis and the axis of attachment of each of which are parallel to the axis of the pipeline, are located in its radial plane and are not coaxial, while the axis of attachment of each of these sliding elements is located between its longitudinal axis and the outer surface of the pipeline, allows the specified element to self-install in the casing due to the oscillatory movement of the elements of the supports around their respective axes repleniya, the metal supports of the box limit value fluctuations supports elements that collectively reduces wear during dragging of the pipeline in the casing.

The invention is illustrated by graphic material, where in FIG. 1 shows a design diagram of the product;

in FIG. 2 shows a pipeline placed in a protective casing, provided with a bcc with sliding supports, a top view;

in FIG. 3 - section AA, rotated;

in FIG. 4 shows a pipeline placed in a protective casing, provided with a bcc with rod elements of supports, cross section;

in FIG. 5 - OTsKM with rolling bearings, top view.

Positions indicate the following elements:

1 - supporting centering product;

2 - pipeline;

3 - a protective casing;

4 - detachable connections;

5 - metal shells;

6 - supports;

7 - metal boxes;

8 - elements of sliding or rolling;

9 - gaskets;

10 - couplers;

11 - rods.

The support-centering product 1 for the pipe 2, located in the protective casing 3, contains metal shells 5 fastened together by detachable, for example threaded connections 4, assembled to form a closed ring, the inner diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the equipped pipe 2 at the location of the support centering product 1 (see Fig. 2, 3). The ring assembled from metal shells 5 is provided with bearings 6 mounted and fixed on its outer surface, equipped with elements 8 located in metal boxes 7, for example, rollers (see Fig. 5) or sliders made of wear-resistant dielectric material and oriented along the generatrix of the ring (see Fig. . 2). The length of the metal shell 5 is determined from the conditions for the installation gap between the segments in the places of their bolted joints to ensure compression of the ring around the pipeline. The width and thickness of the metal shell are determined from the condition of the permissible pressure of the ring on the anticorrosive coating of the pipeline. To protect the anticorrosion coating of the pipeline, it is equipped, that is, at the installation sites, gaskets 9, for example rubber or rocky sheet gaskets, are laid on the OTsKM pipeline, and secured with screeds - tie cable ties 10. The tightening force of the cable ties placed along the edges of the gasket from the rock sheet a threaded clamping device ensures that the gasket does not move when pulling the pipeline. The compression force that eliminates the displacement of the support-centering product on the surface of the equipped pipeline when dragging it is provided by tightening the fixing bolts of the detachable joints 4 of the metal shells 5 (see Fig. 2, 3). In addition, in the particular case of the product, the supports 6 are equipped with radially spaced rods 11 of wear-resistant dielectric material fixed in a metal box 7 of the support 6 (see Fig. 4).

When the length of the protective casing is not more than 500 m, support-centering products with four equally spaced supports and support-centering products equipped with two rolling bearings, which are located on the lower segment with a central angle of 90 degrees, not less.

With a casing length of more than 500 m, including at crossings through water barriers, the pipeline is dragged in a protective metal casing or in a casing of reinforced concrete pipes (tunnel), while supporting-centering products are equipped, for example, with twelve equally spaced rolling bearings, with a central angle between piers 30 degrees.

The support 6 - “BEFA” of the pipeline 2 (see Fig. 1), the width of which “L” is equal to the length “BC”, has an “AB” surface inclined relative to the sides “BE” and “AF”, and its angle “ABC” bevel "is 2-12 degrees, which provides a good fit to the inner side surface of the casing 3, and the dimensions of the sides" BE "and" CF "are equal.

The choice of the angle "ABC" depends on the size of the guaranteed clearance "b" between the pipe 2 and the casing 3, radii "R1" and "R", respectively. The width of the support “L”, its height equal to “OK” - “R1”, the value of the guaranteed clearance “b”, the amount of eccentricity “M” = R-R1-b and the angle “KOD” also affect the choice of the value of the angle “ABC” , that is, the angle "β". For example, for a pipeline with a diameter of 1000 mm, the size of the guaranteed clearance “b” can be 20-30 mm, the height and width of the support “L” can be 100 mm, and the angle “KOD” equal to half the central angle between the supports can be taken as a function of from the number of supports equal to 30-45 degrees. With such initial data, the angle “ABC” will be 4 degrees, and the excess “H” of the outer rib of the supporting bearing element over its inner rib will be H = “BE” - “AF” = L tqβ = 100 × 0.0699 = 7 mm.

In this case, the support, in the particular case, is made in the form of a prismatic slider "BEFA", and the angle of inclination of the supporting surface β is the angle "ABC" (Fig. 1) - the angle of inclination of the supporting surface is 2-12 degrees. These bearing surfaces of the bearing supports 6 form an angle φ - angle "NMB" (Fig. 1), determined by the mathematical dependence:

φ = 180-α + 2β,

 where α is the central angle corresponding to the bearing supports;

β is the angle of inclination of the supporting surface of the bearing support, which is from 2 to 12 degrees.

With the above ratios, the angle φ will be 134 and 98 degrees, respectively.

In addition, in the particular case, the supports are made in the form of tapered rollers. For conical rollers, the angle of inclination of the supporting surface p is the angle between the axis of the conical roller and the generatrix of the conical surface, which is 2-12 degrees.

An embodiment of the product is a support-centering product containing fastened together by detachable joints and forming a closed ring of metal shells assembled with threaded ties at the ends. The inner diameter of the closed ring is equal to the diameter of the equipped pipeline at the place of installation of the product on it, and on the outer surface of the ring is placed and fixed along its generators from 2 located on the lower segment of the ring with a central angle between the supports of 90 degrees, not less than 12 equally spaced the circumferential direction of the indicated ring of supports, the sliding elements of which are made of wear-resistant dielectric material. The supports on the outer surface of the ring relative to its axis are staggered, while at least two lower supports symmetrically located relative to the vertical axis of the pipeline are made in the form of cylindrical sliding elements located and fixed in metal boxes, the longitudinal axis of each of these elements and the axis of its attachment parallel to the axis of the pipeline, located in its radial plane and not coaxial, and the axis of attachment of each of these sliding elements is located between to its longitudinal axis and the outer surface of the pipeline. In addition, the longitudinal axis of each of these cylindrical sliding elements is located at the level of the end of the corresponding metal box of the support or outside it. In the particular case of the product, the longitudinal axis of each of these cylindrical sliding elements is located between the end of the corresponding metal support box and the outer surface of the pipeline, and these sliding elements rest on the bottom of the metal support box. The axis of attachment of each of these cylindrical sliding elements is located from its longitudinal axis at a distance of 0.2-0.6 radius of the corresponding cylindrical support element. With significant lengths of pipeline pulling, for example, more than a kilometer, it is envisaged, taking into account the expected wear of the support elements, a reserve of their height to compensate for the indicated wear and ensure the absence of electrical contact between the metal elements of the BCC and the protective casing. After pulling the pipeline, the absence of the electrical connection “pipeline - casing” is checked by measuring the resistance.

Experimental work at the test site showed that the wear of the support elements made according to the claimed invention is several times less than the wear of traditional supports. The invention provides reliable dragging of the pipeline inside the protective casing at large lengths, ensuring the safety of the insulating coating of the pipeline and a guaranteed gap between the pipeline and the protective casing.

Claims (8)

1. Support-centering product to protect the insulation coating of the pipeline in a protective casing, containing fastened together by detachable joints and forming a closed ring assembly metal shells with threaded ties at the ends, the inner diameter of the closed ring being equal to the diameter of the equipped pipeline at the place of installation on it and on the outer surface of the ring is placed and fixed along its generators from 2 located on the lower segment of the ring with a central angle between supports of 90 g radii, at least up to 12 equidistant in the circumferential direction of the indicated ring of supports, the sliding or rolling elements of which are made of wear-resistant dielectric material, while the supports on the outer surface of the ring relative to its axis are staggered, characterized in that at least the elements of the two lower supports symmetrically located relative to the vertical diametrical plane of the pipeline of the supports have an inclined support surface relative to the sides with excess of heights outer diametric side relative to the vertical plane of the pipeline surface support member above the height of the corresponding inner lateral surface, said support surface forming an angle φ support member defined by a mathematical dependence:
φ = 180-α + 2β,
where α is the Central angle corresponding to the specified lower supports,
β is the angle of inclination of the supporting surface of each element of these supports, which is from 2 to 12 degrees. 2. The product according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements of the sliding supports are made in the form of prismatic sliders or in the form of rods arranged radially relative to the pipeline. 3. The product according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements of the lower rolling bearings are made in the form of conical rollers. 4. The product according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the supporting surface β is the angle between the axis of the conical roller and the generatrix of the conical surface, which is 2-12 degrees. 5. Support-centering product to protect the insulation coating of the pipeline in a protective casing, containing fastened together by detachable joints and forming an assembled closed ring of a metal shell with threaded ties at the ends, the inner diameter of the closed ring being equal to the diameter of the equipped pipeline at the place of installation on it and on the outer surface of the ring is placed and fixed along its generators from 2 located on the lower segment of the ring with a central angle between supports of 90 g radii, at least up to 12 equally spaced in the circumferential direction of the specified ring of supports, the sliding elements of which are made of wear-resistant dielectric material, while the supports on the outer surface of the ring relative to its axis are staggered, characterized in that at least two lower symmetrically located relative to the vertical diametrical plane of the pipeline, the supports are made in the form of cylindrical sliding elements located and fixed in metal boxes, longitudinal the axis of each of them and the axis of its attachment are parallel to the axis of the pipeline, are located in its radial plane and are not coaxial, while the axis of attachment of each of these sliding elements is located between its longitudinal axis and the outer surface of the pipeline. 6. The product according to p. 5, characterized in that the longitudinal axis of each of these cylindrical sliding elements is located at the level of the end of the corresponding metal box of the support or outside it. 7. The product according to claim 5, characterized in that the longitudinal axis of each of these cylindrical sliding elements is located between the end of the corresponding metal box of the support and the outer surface of the pipeline, and these sliding elements rest on the bottom of the metal box of the support. 8. The product according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the axis of attachment of each of these cylindrical sliding elements is located from its longitudinal axis at a distance of 0.2-0.6 radius of the corresponding cylindrical support element.

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