RU2595104C1 - Multimode ammunition exploder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to multimode ammunition exploders using micro-electromechanical structures and elements. Ammunition exploder comprises warhead with ammunition, special computer, power supply unit connected with special computer, mode setting unit. Latter one includes a system of protection with system of interruption of combat tasks performance. Exploder comprises also mechanism of far arming, system of self-destruction, starting actuator mechanism, switches. It also includes temperature sensor, pressure sensor, accelerometers and angular velocity sensors and redundant power supply unit. Outputs of sensors are connected to inputs of special computer. Output of special computer is connected to input of redundant power supply unit. First output of redundant power supply unit is connected to system of protection. Second output of redundant power supply unit is connected to inputs of mechanism of far arming and system of self-destruction. Output of system of protection through the first switch is connected to first input of the starting actuator mechanism. Output of mechanism of far arming through the second switch is connected to second input of starting actuator mechanism. Output of system of self-destruction is connected directly to third input of starting actuator mechanism. Wherein mentioned sensors, power supply units, special computer and mode setting unit are made in the form of micro-electromechanical system located inside exploder above or under warhead.

EFFECT: reduces dimensions of controlled exploder and increase efficiency of ammunition.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of creating multi-mode fuses. Known fuses that implement one or two modes of operation of the fuse - shock and / or shock with deceleration (see, for example, RF patent No. 23337310 dated 01.11.2006, IPC F42C 1/08, RF patent No. 2307310, dated 28.12.2015 IPC F42C 1/04, RF patent No. 2288443, jn December 16, 2004 IPC F42C 1/00; Fuchs M9802 fuse with two operating modes: 1 - shock with delay; 2 - shock instant action www.warinform.ru).

The disadvantages of these domestic fuses are: large mass dimensions, irreproducible slowdown of the explosion due to pyrotechnic substances.

The disadvantage of the Fuchs M9802 fuse is the manual setting of the operation modes using the switch on the side wall.

Foreign multimode fuses are known that combine four modes: a) shock; b) shock with deceleration; c) remote; d) non-contact; such as M782 MOFA from ATK, DM74 from Junghans, M9801 from Fuchs.

The closest known solution is the Fuchs multi-mode guided fuse M9801 (www.warinform.ru)

The main modes of the M9801 multi-mode fuse are manually set using the switch, the rest are installed using the inductive fuse installer that meets the requirements of STANAG 4369. The non-contact mode is set manually (using the preset values of the long-range cocking time and the altitude of operation), as well as shock and shock with deceleration modes. The fuse is put into the programming mode by the inductive installer by setting the switch to the set position. This mode allows you to set three values for the detonation height: “low”, “medium”, and “high”, as well as cocking time for non-contact mode (range from 3 to 199, 9 seconds) and the value of the initiation delay in shock mode. The device is powered by a backup battery, (see http://talks.guns.ru/forummessage/42/67 .html Fuzes Go Multi-role and Smart. Doug Richardson, inputs by Johnny Keggler.-In: ARMADA International, Issue 4/2002, pp. 64:70 http://www.munitionstech.com).

The disadvantage of this fuse is the use of long-range cocking devices, fuses, elements for initiating explosive devices based on mechanical parts performed by various technologies - casting, sintering, and cutting with tight tolerances. As a result of this - large dimensions, high manufacturing costs, low reliability, lack of interfacing with electronic units.

The closest known technical solution is a fuse with switching modes (see RF patent No. 2219486, 04/17/2000, IPC F42C 9/00), containing a warhead installed in the housing, a target sensor, a special computer, a power supply, a unit mode control, including a security system with an interruption system for the combat mission, a long-range cocking mechanism, a self-liquidation system, a trigger actuator, keys.

The disadvantages of the known fuse are the overall dimensions of the fuse and some complexity in execution.

The technical problem to be solved in the proposed multimode microelectromechanical munition fuse consists in miniaturization of a controlled fuse, increasing the effectiveness of the munition, namely: range, targeting and improving accuracy.

To accomplish this task, a multi-mode munition fuse containing a warhead with ammunition installed in the housing, a special computer, a power supply connected to the special computer, a mode control unit including a security system with an interruption system for performing a combat mission, a long-range cocking system, a self-liquidation system, and an launch executive the mechanism, keys, fuse, further comprises a temperature sensor, pressure sensor, accelerometers and angular velocity sensors, and a backup power unit the outputs of the sensors are connected to the inputs of the special calculator, the output of the special calculator is connected to the input of the backup power supply, the first output of which is connected to the safety system, and the second output of the backup power supply is connected to the inputs of the long-range cocking system and self-liquidation system, the output of the safety system is through the first key connected to the first input of the trigger actuator, the output of the cocking mechanism through the second key is connected to the second input of the trigger actuator, and the output with self-liquidation systems - directly with the third input of the starting actuator, while the introduced sensors, power supplies, special computer and mode control unit are made in the form of microelectromechanical systems located inside the fuse above or below the warhead.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where shown in FIG. 1 is a functional diagram of a multi-mode microelectromechanical munition fuse, FIG. 2 shows embodiments of the trigger actuator; FIG. 3 - design options for a multi-mode microelectromechanical munition fuse.

A multimode controlled microelectromechanical munition fuse contains: a system power supply unit 1, sensors 2 including a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, accelerometers and angular velocity sensors, a special computer 3, a backup power unit 4, a safety system 5, the first key 6, the starting actuator 7, the second key 8, long-range cocking mechanism 9, self-destruction system 10.

The advantages of a microelectromechanical fuse include high sensitivity and speed, the ability to adapt to meeting conditions with the goal, reducing the number of moving elements, as well as 100% control of electrical parts during production.

The multi-mode munition fuse works as follows: the power unit for the munition fuse system is turned on, the measured primary readings of the sensors 2 for temperature, pressure, accelerometers and angular velocities are transmitted to a special computer 3 that stores the algorithms for the operation of the munition fuse, using both the primary readings of the sensors and the results of the complex processing information from them, with each section of the trajectory, each instantaneous value corresponding to the points of the trajectory of the munition, characterizing tsya predetermined plurality of values of the sensors of parameters that are the basis of the algorithms of the fuse together with the set requirements for the degree of protection, high charging, requirements of the other elements of the fuse, fuse tripping modes. The control signals from the special computer 3 are fed to the backup power supply 4 and turn it on. The electrical signal from the backup power supply unit 4 is supplied to the safety system 5, which includes a system for interrupting the performance of a combat mission (if the projectile is not missed), and to the first key 6, and after their successive activation, is fed to the starting actuator 7. Simultaneously or earlier through the second key 8 an electrical signal is supplied from the long-range cocking mechanism 9. If the starting actuator does not work, then the munition elimination system 10 is triggered with a delay.

The design of the trigger actuator 7 (PIM) may be different, special cases are shown in FIG. 2.

The trigger actuator 7 is a combination of microelectromechanical systems that initiate the explosion of blasting material of the warhead of the projectile. At the same time, two levels of integration of microelectromechanical systems are introduced, that is, different conditions at the beginning of the explosion, to ensure the detonation of various low-threshold blasting substances and to exclude an unauthorized explosion.

In FIG. 2a) shows a trigger actuator 7 made of a textolite substrate 11, on which microelectromechanical systems 12 are placed that initiate an explosion. This placement explains the first level of integration of microelectromechanical systems.

In FIG. 2b) shows the microelectromechanical system 12 of the starting actuator 7, consisting of a metallized layer 13 placed on a textolite substrate 11 (not shown), on which a glass pedestal - 14 is placed (Pyrex with a thickness of h = 1.4 to 1.6 mm ) A semiconductor crystal 15 with microelectromechanical structures 16 formed therein is located on a glass pedestal 14.

On the inner surface of the microelectromechanical structure 16, a hole 17 is made, covered with a metallized layer 18, connecting the power bus 19 on the semiconductor chip 15 and the textolite substrate 11, which provides an initiating signal from the microelectromechanical structures 16, which are the second and last level of integration of microelectromechanical systems.

Microelectromechanical structures 16 can be made on various structural and technological solutions. Two variants of microelectromechanical structures are shown in FIG. 2c and FIG. 2g

In FIG. 2c) shows the performance of PIM 7 in the form of a porous microelectromechanical structure 16 in a semiconductor crystal 15, where a region of the porous structure 20 is formed in a semiconductor crystal 15 by electrochemical etching with nano- and micropores 21 (diameter from 2 nm to 15 μm) doped with hydrogen and peroxides with a depth of more than 60 microns. To supply an initiating electrical signal to the surface of the semiconductor chip 15, a contact pad 22 with a metal conductor connected to the backup power supply unit 4 is connected to the microelectromechanical structure 16.

In FIG. 2d) shows the execution of the starting actuator 7 in the form of a microelectromechanical structure 16 in a semiconductor crystal 15, which shows: a recess 23 obtained by volumetric processing and filled with lead azide, the microelectromechanical structure 16 is connected to the contact area 22 with a metal conductor. A polycrystalline semiconductor 24 is supplied through a contact pad 22 with a metal conductor, which is heated by an initiating electric signal through a second contact pad 25 with a metal conductor received from a backup power supply 4.

Design options for multi-mode microelectromechanical munition fuse shown in Fig 3

In FIG. 3a) shows the location of the micromechanical fuse in the inertial zone 26 above the warhead (warhead) 27. The location of the round circuit boards is one above the other.

In the inertial zone 26, there is a board 28 with sensors, a special computer board 29 with a power supply and a board 30 with a mode control unit (trigger actuator, long-cocking mechanism, safety system, keys and a backup power supply).

In FIG. 3b) shows the location of the micromechanical fuse under the warhead. The location of the round boards - one above the other. Board 30 with a trigger actuator, a cocking mechanism, a safety system, keys and a redundant power supply. Board 29 special computers with power supply. Board 28 with sensors - in the inertial zone. Additionally, in contrast to the location above the warhead 27, a safety membrane 31 is installed from heat exposure.

In FIG. 3c) shows a design where the boards can be rectangular and placed along the axis of the projectile.

The use of a microelectromechanical multi-mode munition fuse gives the following differences and advantages:

a) a small dispersion of parameters due to the manufacture of components in a single technological cycle and the possibility of compensation by circuitry and design methods;

b) microminiature (overall dimensions are much smaller compared to traditional discrete devices);

c) high functionality due to the integration of sensors, processing circuits and actuators in a single single-case device, comparable in size to integrated circuits;

d) improved performance due to high accuracy;

e) increased reliability and stability in relation to external influences in comparison with discrete elements and nodes;

e) low cost compared to devices built without the use of integrated technology;

g) the implemented modes are based on algorithms using the measured values of temperatures, altitudes, accelerations, angular velocities and as a result of complex processing, instantaneous changes that occur with these parameters in real time with a high sampling frequency.

Claims (1)

A multi-mode munition fuse containing a warhead with ammunition installed in the housing, a special computer, a power supply connected to the special computer, a mode control unit including a security system with an interruption system for the combat mission, a long-range cocking system, a self-destruction system, a trigger actuator and keys, characterized in that the fuse further comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, accelerometers and angular velocity sensors, and a backup power supply, wherein the outputs of the sensors are connected to the inputs of the special calculator, the output of the special calculator is connected to the input of the backup power supply, the first output of which is connected to the safety system, and the second output of the backup power supply is connected to the inputs of the long-range cocking system and the self-liquidation system, the output of the safety system through the first key is connected to the first input trigger actuator, the output of the cocking mechanism through the second key is connected to the second input of the trigger actuator, and the output of the self-system Quidification - directly with the third input of the starting actuator, while the introduced sensors, power supplies, special computer and mode control unit are made in the form of microelectromechanical systems located inside the fuse above or below the warhead.

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