RU2594523C1 - High-accuracy sowing planter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: high-accuracy sowing planter comprises frame with support-drive wheels and sowing devices drive system, pneumatic system, dosing modules, seeding sections. Dosing modules are fixed on frame and consist of excess pressure sowing device with several groups of dosing elements and bin. Sowing sections are connected by parallelogram suspensions with frame and contain furrow closing working elements, support wheels and ploughshares. Each of ploughshares is connected to separate group of excess pressure sowing apparatus dosing elements by means of individual pneumatic seed line. Number of sowing sections twice exceeds number of batching modules. At that, dosing modules are arranged uniformly on frame at constant pitch, symmetrically relative to machine longitudinal axis. Sowing sections are located on frame in pairs symmetrically relative to batching modules. Excess pressure sowing mechanisms contain two groups of dosing elements, each of which is connected to individual pneumatic seed line with nearest sowing section ploughshare. Length and configuration of all pneumatic seed lines is identical.

EFFECT: higher quality of seeds dosing and uniformity of their supply from dispensing module into furrow.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines for sowing seeds of agricultural crops.

Known precision seeder, containing a frame with support drive wheels and a drive system for sowing devices, a pneumatic system and attached parallelogram pendants to the frame sowing sections, each of which includes a pneumatic sowing device, coulter, hopper, furrow-closing working bodies and a support wheel [analogue - Klenin N.I. Agricultural machines: a textbook / Klenin N.I., Kiselev C.H., Levshin A.G. - M .: KolosS, 2008. - S. 207].

The disadvantages of such a precision seeder are the complexity of the drive system of the sowing devices installed on the sowing sections, the small volume and the complexity of refueling related bins, the effect of fluctuations of the sowing sections on the quality of the sowing devices.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is an precision seeder containing a frame with support wheels and a drive system for the metering devices, a pneumatic system, metering modules mounted on the frame and consisting of an overpressure metering unit and hopper, as well as seed sections connected by parallelogram suspensions with a frame and containing a coulter, furrow-closing working bodies, one or more support wheels, each sowing device containing from four to eight metering groups elements, each of which is connected via an individual pneumatic seed line to the opener of a separate seed section [prototype - Amazone EDX 9000 seeder, access mode: www.amazon.com].

The disadvantages of this design of the precision seeder are the different lengths and configurations of pneumatic seed tubes that affect the uniform distribution of seeds in the furrows, as well as the air flow rate and, accordingly, the quality of work of individual groups of metering elements.

The objective of the present invention is to improve the quality of dosing of seeds and the uniformity of their supply from the dosing module into the furrow.

The task is achieved due to the fact that on the precision seeder, containing a frame with support wheels and a drive system for the metering devices, a pneumatic system, metering modules mounted on the frame and consisting of an overpressure metering device with several groups of metering elements and a hopper, and also sowing sections connected by parallelogram pendants with a frame and containing furrow-closing working bodies, support wheels and coulters, each of which by means of an individual pneumosemyapro water is associated with a separate group of metering elements of the over-sowing meter; the number of sowing sections is twice the number of metering modules. In this case, the metering modules are arranged uniformly on the frame with a constant pitch, symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the machine, and the seed sections are located on the frame pairwise symmetrically with respect to the metering modules, and the metering devices with overpressure contain two groups of metering elements, each of which is connected by an individual pneumatic seed conduit to the nearest opener seed section, and the length and configuration of all pneumatic seed tubes are the same.

The proposed invention is illustrated by illustrations. In FIG. 1 shows the appearance of the proposed precision seeder; in FIG. 2 - layout of the main nodes of the precision seeder (rear view); in FIG. 3 - dosing module; in FIG. 4 - sowing apparatus of excessive pressure (in the context); in FIG. 5 is a fragment of a precision seeder.

The precision seeder is a mounted machine containing a frame 1 (Figs. 1 and 2) with support wheels 2, a drive system 3 for sowing devices and a pneumatic system 4. Dosing modules are mounted uniformly with a constant step, symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the machine, on the frame 1 consisting of a hopper 5 and a metering device 6 overpressure (Fig. 3), and each metering apparatus 6 overpressure (Fig. 4) is symmetrical about the longitudinally vertical plane and contains two groups of metering elements 7 and 8. To p Amoe 1 (Fig. 5) with parallelogram pendants 9 are attached sowing sections containing a coulter 10, furrow-closing working bodies 11 and a support wheel 12. In this case, the sowing sections are arranged in pairs symmetrically with respect to the metering modules (Fig. 2), and their coulters 10 are connected by an individual pneumatic seed conduit 13 with the nearest group of metering elements 7 or 8 of the nearest metering device 6 overpressure. Moreover, all pneumatic seed tubes 13 have the same length and configuration.

The precision seeder also includes an attachment, marker devices, and a fertilizer system (not shown in the illustrations)

When the precision seeder is moving across the field, the torque from the supporting-drive wheels 2 is transmitted through the drive system 3 to the overpressure metering devices 6 included in the metering modules. At the same time, air is supplied under pressure to the metering devices 6 by the pneumatic system 4, and seeds come from the hopper 5. Seeds are individually captured by the metering elements of both groups 7, 8 and delivered through the pneumatic seed conduit 13 to the sowing section, each group of metering elements 7 or 8 supplying seeds to the individual pneumatic seed conduit 13 connected to it. In this case, the seeds fall into the furrow prepared by the opener 10, which is sealed with furrow-closing working bodies 11 and sealed with a support wheel (roller) 12, which at the same time serves as a regulator of the depth of the opener 10.

The proposed arrangement of the main nodes of the precision seeder allows the use of pneumatic seed tubes 13 of equal length and configuration for delivering seeds from sowing units to the coulters, due to which the effect of all pneumatic seed tubes 13 on the uniformity of seed flow into the furrow is approximately the same. In addition, the equal length of the pneumatic seed tubes 13 allows for the same air flow through each of them and, accordingly, create the same working conditions (for air pressure) for both groups of metering elements 7 and 8 in all metering devices 6.

Claims (1)

Precision seeder containing a frame with support wheels and a metering drive system, a pneumatic system, metering modules mounted on the frame and consisting of an overpressure meter with several groups of metering elements and a hopper, as well as seed sections connected by parallelogram suspension brackets with a frame and containing furrow-closing working bodies, support wheels and coulters, each of which is connected to a separate group of metering elements through an individual pneumatic seed line overpressure sowing apparatus, characterized in that the number of sowing sections is twice the number of metering modules, while the metering modules are located on the frame uniformly with a constant pitch, symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the machine, and the seed sections are located on the frame in pairs symmetrically with respect to the metering modules, at the same time, overpressure sowing apparatuses contain two groups of metering elements, each of which is connected by an individual pneumatic seed meter to the opener of the nearest seed cts, and the length and configuration of all pneumatic seed tubes are the same.

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