RU2592928C1 - Sidewalk grid-tiled coating "avf-2" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: roads.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction of roads and paving coatings. Disclosed is solid sidewalk coating having reliability, high environmental and aesthetic properties. Coating contains polymer grids with partitions of variable thickness, wherein monolithic sidewalk tiles are built-in. Feature of given structure consists in fact that at temperature and sedimentary deformations of sidewalk paving contact seams between monolithic sidewalk tiles and cellular grids, where said tiles are accommodated are always remain tightly closed, which prevents suffusion of underlying base and provides high consumer properties.

EFFECT: invention allows to reduce labour intensity of construction works in comparison with common arrangement of pavements by paving with prefabricated sidewalk tiles and significantly improves quality.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of road construction, namely the construction of pedestrian roads and sidewalks.

The pavement is known (see A. Timofeev's book “Prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete pavements of city roads and sidewalks.” Stroyizdat, 1986), which includes sand preparation and paving slabs laid on top of it.

The disadvantage of this pavement is the predominance of unproductive manual labor in its manufacture by paving, as well as the extremely high deformability of the coating during its operation.

The prototype is the well-known pavement (see patent RU No. 128205 "Pavement" AVF "), including cellular gratings with partitions of variable cross-section and paving slabs monolithic from the inside. In the coating, the cellular gratings adjoin each other, forming solid open seams between the partitions reaching the top, which visually divide the entire coating into separate blocks.

The disadvantage of this pavement is the presence of open through seams between the outer partitions of adjacent cellular gratings that expose small and large defects of relatively flexible cellular gratings joined together, including: possible loose contact of the partitions to each other, deformation of the partitions in plan, a mismatch between the geometric parameters of the various cellular gratings conjugated, a change in the geometric parameters of the cellular gratings during their installation, etc. Noe abutting relatively flexible mesh grids creates conditions for increasing deformation and subsidence arranged circumferentially outer contour of paving tiles.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the cost and improve the quality of paving due to the elimination of open through seams between the cellular gratings.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in paving lattice-tiling, including cellular gratings with paving slabs monolithic from the inside and with partitions of variable cross section, expanding from top to bottom, the outer edges of the partitions of the external contours of all mesh gratings are made vertical, and along the length of the top ( ÷ 70)% of these partitions is located 5 ÷ 50 mm below the top of the remaining partitions of the outer contours of the mesh gratings, as well as below the top of those partitions that are located inside the mesh sieve k, while the mesh lattices are installed in the pavement so that the high and low partitions of the external contours of adjacent mesh lattices are mated (that is, they are in the least possible proximity or in contact) with each other. All cellular pavement gratings can be of the same type, in which only 50% of the length of the partitions of the external contour has lower elevations, relative to all other partitions of the same cellular gratings, and these lowered partitions are arranged sequentially one after another in the external contour of each mesh lattice. In pavement, it is possible, as an option, the simultaneous use of two types of mesh grids, namely one half of all mesh grids is made with reduced partitions of the external contour relative to the partitions located inside the mesh grids, the other half of the mesh grids are made with partitions of the external contour at the top of the partitions located inside the mesh, and different types of mesh are installed in the pavement "in a checkerboard pattern" and, therefore, can be only tetrahedral.

Pavement consists of cellular gratings installed on a compacted sandy base, in the cells of which monolithic paving slabs are placed. From the bottom, all the partitions of the cellular gratings are thicker than from above, which provides inside each cell of the cellular grating an increased density of seams between the partitions and paving slabs embedded in the cells, and also prevents the possible vertical movement of paving tiles relative to the partitions of the grating and, therefore, relative to each other. The flexibility of the pavement is ensured by the use of elastic material in the cellular gratings. The external contour of the mesh lattices can be any, including rectangular, hexagonal, broken or smooth curve shapes, etc. In the coating, the mesh lattices are installed close to each other. In order to exclude in the pavement, between the paired contours of the cellular gratings, the formation of through-open seams that reduce the quality of the coating, the partitions of the external contours of the cellular gratings are performed with vertical faces and different heights. The length of the high and the length of the low partitions of all external contours of the cellular gratings in the coating composition is usually about 50% each. This ratio is always fulfilled if only one type of cellular grating is used in the pavement, for which the lengths of the high and low partitions of the external contour are equal, or if tetrahedral cellular grating is installed in a staggered manner, respectively with high and low partitions of the external contour. However, if different types of cellular gratings are used in the same pavement, of different configurations and, possibly, of different sizes, respectively, high, low and mixed, i.e. simultaneously with high and low partitions of the external contour, the total length of low partitions in such a coating can be from 30% to 70%.

When monolithic cellular gratings with partitions of different heights, the gap between two paired partitions, low and high, is filled with a solution and only one of the two paired partitions (high) remains on the surface of the pavement, with which paving slabs are in close contact. To ensure maintainability of the pavement, the mesh lattices are installed so that the soil surface inside the cells is higher than the bottom of the mesh lattice walls. To do this, use ramming vibration plates or sandy soil is poured inside the cells. On top of the sandy soil, a cement-sand mixture is also poured into the cells through a sieve, which, when concreted, prevents the penetration of cement milk into the base of the mesh lattice. During operation of the coating, such monolithic tiles, if necessary, can be freely removed from the cellular gratings.

Fragments of the paving lattice-tile coating are presented in the drawings:

FIG. 1 - cross section of the pavement;

FIG. 2 is a general view of a rectangular mesh lattice with partitions of the external contour of various heights;

FIG. 3 is a general view of a hexagonal mesh lattice with partitions of the external contour of various heights.

Sidewalk grating-tile coating includes 1 mesh grates installed on a compacted sand preparation with low 2 and high 3 partitions of the external contour and with 4 partitions inside the mesh gratings having the same height as the high partitions 3 of the mesh gratings. Monolithic paving slabs 6 are placed inside the cells 5 of the cellular gratings, based on the sand preparation 1 and on the inclined side faces of the partitions 2, 3, 4 inside the cells 5 of the cellular gratings. Low 2 and high 3 partitions of the external contours of adjacent cellular gratings form seams 7, which are densely overlapped by monolithic paving slabs 6.

Paving is performed in the following sequence. First, mesh lattices are installed on the planned and compacted sand preparation 1 so that the low 2 and high 3 partitions of the external contours of adjacent mesh lattices adjoin each other as tightly as possible, forming a minimum width of seams 7. Using vibrating, the lattices are immersed on (1 -2) cm into the sand preparation 1. Then, inside the cells 5, a cement-sand mixture is poured through a 5 mm sieve and the cells 5 are filled with cement-containing mortar, which, after hardening, forms monolithic paving slabs 6. C In order to reduce the cost of construction and improve the quality of the pavement created, monolithic paving slabs 6 are usually double-layer, the upper textured layer of which has improved physical and mechanical characteristics and, possibly, varies between adjacent tiles in color. Before the material of the paving slabs has completely hardened, the upper edges of the tiles are smoothed or rounded.

Cellular grids can also be installed on crushed stone preparation. In this case, a layer of geotextiles and, possibly, sandy soil is laid between the crushed stone preparation and the cellular gratings.

Cellular gratings with partitions of variable cross section are made of flexible polymeric material. The outline of the gratings in plan can be any: rectangular, triangular, hexagonal, complex curvilinear configurations. The optimal dimensions of the gratings can be considered gratings, the area of which is about 2 m ² and height (6-10) cm. For various planned configurations of pavement, the cellular gratings are respectively trimmed (cut) in place.

The use of partitions of varying height in the external contour of the cellular gratings provides a significant reduction in the requirements for the materials and geometric parameters of the cellular gratings, simplifies the execution of construction work while improving their quality, which, in turn, also reduces the total cost of construction of paving grating-tile and increases its consumer (aesthetic) characteristics. Visually, such a pavement looks homogeneous, i.e. without gaps and partitions between grates dividing the pavement into blocks.

Claims (3)

1. Sidewalk lattice-tiling coating, including cellular gratings with paving slabs monolithic from the inside and with partitions of variable cross-section, expanding from top to bottom, characterized in that the outer edges of the partitions of the external contours of all cellular gratings are made in paving, vertical and the top ( 30 ÷ 70)% of the total length of these partitions is located 5 ÷ 50 mm below the top of the remaining partitions of the external contours of the mesh grids included in the coating, as well as below the top of those partitions that are They are placed inside the mesh gratings, while the mesh gratings are installed in the pavement so that the high and low partitions of the outer contours of adjacent mesh gratings are mated with each other. 2. Sidewalk grating-tile coating according to claim 1, characterized in that for each mesh grating included in the sidewalk 50% of the length of the external contour partitions has lower top marks relative to all other partitions of the cellular grating, and as part of the external contour of each mesh grating lowered partitions are arranged sequentially one after another. 3. The paving lattice-tile coating according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses two types of cellular gratings in equal proportions, namely, 50% of the cellular gratings have only low partitions of the external contour and 50% of the cellular gratings have only high partitions of the external contour corresponding to the height of those partitions that are located inside the mesh, moreover, different types of mesh are installed in the pavement "in a checkerboard pattern."

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