RU2592757C2 - Method for shooting teaching - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: training means.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for shooting training. Method involves using shooting simulator "SKATT" and electronic target equipment ASCOR. Cardiac monitor in real time records shooter pulsogram, oscillations of its chest are recorded by means of tensometric device converting dynamic force into electrical signals. Nature of oscillations is determined by microstethophone with microphone fitted therein. Chest movement in space is assessed by means of accelerometer. Acoustic radio device at actuation of firing mechanism or firing sensor enables to synchronise heart rate with shot.

EFFECT: obtaining optimum shot option relative to heart beats.

1 cl, 10 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to shooting simulators and can be used to increase the effectiveness provided by the stability of the technique of the shot.

As a result of fundamental changes in the International Rules of bullet shooting competitions after the 2012 Olympics in London (England), since 2013 in the qualification part of competitions when shooting from the prone position from a small-bore rifle and in shooting from an air rifle, both men and women had the definition of results in qualifications with tenths of a point was introduced (previously this was only in the finals). Moreover, the maximum possible value of the advantage of the best hole corresponds to 10.9 points (Fig. 1), respectively, the area of each dimension is further divided into ten parts (similar to how a centimeter is divided into millimeters). In FIG. 1, a shows the location of the most central hole with a value of 10.9 points, and FIG. 1, b shows the location of a hole estimated as “ten”, but with a minimum value of 10.0; the holes are represented in the equivalent of the SKATT shooting simulator program.

After the 8 best athletes were selected for the finals based on the results of the qualification exercise, their results are nullified directly in the final and then these athletes win prizes by firing from 20 to 45 credited final shots (depending on the exercise conditions) taking into account tenths of a point . Therefore, the value of every tenth of a point increases immeasurably.

Currently, the difference in the final is rarely already more than 2 points, so highly skilled athletes need to have the ability to shoot with a shot as close to the center of the target as possible.

In the table. Figure 1 shows the results of the results of women shooting from an air rifle after introducing finals at major international competitions: OI - Olympic Games, World Cup - World Championship, European Championship - European Championship, MS - international competition.

For analysis, an exercise was chosen from airguns, as it is performed indoors, where weather conditions do not affect the result. Initially, when introducing the finals, the qualification results did not affect the distribution of leaders, because the gap between 1st and 8th places was large. Then the level of results increased not only among one or two world leaders, but also among the top ten in the world ranking, and according to the results of qualification, the difference between the 1st and 8th places began to be only 2-3 points.

The role of the final series has increased significantly, and with its successful completion, it has already become possible for athletes from closing final places to compete for prizes. A similar picture is observed when analyzing the results of men in an exercise when shooting lying from a small-caliber rifle at 50 m.

The combination of the interval diagram between shots (Fig. 2) with the pulsometry data of a number of leading shooters of the Russian national team shows that the shot fired at a reduced heart rate (HR) is considered the most reliable shot.

With this technique of executing a shot, the “tuning” of the body in the shooter-weapon system is maintained, which contributes to “work per shot” or retention of the rifle after the shot. This, in turn, increases the reliability of the effectiveness of the shot itself.

In the 50s of the last century, a medical stethoscope was used by arrows to master the technique of firing between heart beats [1], however, the inconvenience of its use during firing and subjective perception practically eliminated the achievement of a positive effect.

In the late 70-80s of the XX century, the arrows instead of a regular diopter sight began to establish an optical sight, with which they tried to control the fluctuations of their weapons [2]. However, the dimensions of the optical sight were significantly different from the standard diopter sight and therefore violated the manufacture for firing, because the Rules of the competition forbade having adjustable butts.

At present, this problem is being solved by increasing the efficiency of obtaining objective information, as well as by increasing the length of the sighting line.

However, for this it is not enough to have good stability of the shooter and weapons, characterized by the length of the aiming trajectory before the shot for a fixed time (L, mm) (indicator of the SKATT shooting simulator, which is designed to increase operational feedback during the preparation and production of a shot) [3].

The most important indicators when shooting are: aiming stability, average stability within the limits of ensuring getting into the "top ten" together with aiming accuracy, when the virtual and real holes are in the same area where the trajectory of oscillations before the shot was located. An example of the oscillation path before a shot with reliable average stability and with aiming accuracy (light line) and good retention after firing (dark line) is shown in FIG. 3.

However, SKATT simulators do not provide information on the physiological processes of the shooter, related to the fluctuations of the shooter-weapon system, and therefore it became necessary to develop a device that allows one to state the level of technology for firing from these positions.

The objective of the invention is to create a device that allows you to identify the relationship between the quality of the shot and the heart rate at the time of the shot; to determine the nature of the mechanical manifestations of cardiac activity, based on the registration of movements of the center of gravity of the chest as a result of cardiac kinematics and blood movement in large vessels, to identify the most significant indicators of the model characteristics of the shot technique, taking into account cardiomonitoring and dynamocardiography.

The task is achieved in that the device for optimizing the shot technique (Fig. 4) consists of a SKATT shooting simulator - 1, ASCOR electronic target equipment - 2, a personal computer (laptop) - 3, a Polar RX800 - 4 cardiomonitor with an online recording option pulsograms Polar WindLink - 5 interface, acoustic synchronizer of the heart rate monitor operation with the moment of firing (acoustic key) - 6, extension line of sighting length - 7.

Fluctuations of the chest when the center of gravity is shifted is measured using dynamocardiography (a tensometric device that converts dynamic forces into electrical signals - 8). Synchronization of all indicators occurs when a sound signal is received during a shot, when the trigger mechanism or trigger sensor is triggered - 9.

To determine the nature of chest oscillations as a result of heart beats, a stethophonendoscope - 9, in which a microphone - 10 is inserted - is used. The signal from the microphone is sent to an amplifier - 11 and to a personal computer (laptop) - 3, where the height of the signal amplitude corresponds to the strength of the sound of a heart beat ( see Fig. 4).

The biomechanical work of the heart is evaluated by the speed of its contraction (shock) using a sensor that is attached to the chest of the shooter. The basis of this sensor is the physical principle used in the accelerometer (change in the acceleration of movement of the surface of the chest).

Elongation of the aiming line allows you to visually ascertain the displacement of the weapon caused by tremors of the heart, at which the center of gravity of the chest is displaced.

The sighting line is lengthened due to the remote mounting strap of the namushnik - 12 with an annular front sight (false barrel) - 13 (Fig. 5), while firing an arrow between heart beats significantly increases its chances of hitting the center of the target.

The most effective is the extension of the sighting line on the rifle from 370 to 500 mm, and for competitive conditions it should be 350-370 mm, and in the training process - 450-500 mm. A feature of using an extended sighting line is also the need to increase the diameter of the annular front sight. If a fly with a size of 3.6-3.8 mm is used with the standard length of the sighting line, then with an elongated 4.4-4.6 mm (Fig. 6).

Examples of specific performance. Conducting a training test lesson can be carried out both with the implementation of real shots, and when working without a cartridge (idle), as well as when working with a large-sized layout. In the case of work without a cartridge (empty) or mass-size breadboard (MMG) electronic target equipment is not used.

In the case of using MMG and when working idle, the requirement for a weapon is the presence of sound produced from the triggering of the trigger mechanism, or a mechanical or electrical sound simulator of the same action, which can be any relay with a fairly loud click.

The sequence of turning on the equipment is as follows: first you need to connect the ASCOR electronic target and display the image of its program on the right side of the monitor screen, connect the SKATT simulator to the same PC in the program mode of the exercise “Shooting from weapons, caliber 5.6 mm, 50 m” or “Shooting weapons of caliber 4.5 mm, 10 m”, display the SCATT program window in the left half of the screen.

Connect the Polar WindLink Interface and prepare for recording the work of the Polar Pro Trainer program in the R-R intervals mode, having placed the program window at the bottom of the screen (Fig. 7, 8).

If you are ready to instruct the assistant or independently switch the electronic target and the SKATT simulator to the Offset mode, in the Polar Pro Trainer program window, in the online mode, position the cursor on the image of the Start button, produce the first offset shot, after it is executed, move the cursor to program window Polar Pro Trainer on the image of the button "Circle".

After the shooting is completed, the cursor is moved to the image of the “Stop” button and another shot is made, which stops recording the work of the Polar Pro Trainer Program.

Based on the record obtained, two factors of the athlete’s fitness level are evaluated (Fig. 9):

- the moment when the shooter fires a shot (in our case, on the pulsogram the moment of the shot is marked as a “Circle” mark) - to decrease heart rate, to stabilize or to increase;

- if the first two cases are a good indicator, the third, when the shooter shoots at an increased heart rate, this indicates a mediocre level of shooting technique.

To combine pulsograms with shots from the graph, the “Intervals between shots” diagram of the SKATT shooting simulator is used, which allows you to get a visual representation of the moment of the shot on the pulsogram, and the magnitude of the value of the hole corresponds to the height of the value in the diagram (Fig. 10).

Using the inventive device, you can find the best option for a shot with respect to heart beats, because the most reliable in terms of "centrality" is considered to be a shot that the shooter does not perform at the minimum heart rate, but at a lower value.

Literature

1. Zhgutov O.M. Skill shooter. - M .: DOSAAF, 1958.-118 p.

2. Bogaev I. S. Shooting sport in DOSAAF. Experience. Methodology / I. S. Bogaev. - M .: DOSAAF. -136 p.

3. Palekhova E. S. The use of a shooting simulator "SKATT" in the research and educational process of students specializing in "shooting" universities of physical education / E. S. Palekhova // Bulletin of educational institutions of physical culture. - 2006. - N 2. - C. 35-42.

Claims (2)

1. A method of shooting training, including the use of a SKATT shooting simulator and ASCOR electronic target equipment, characterized in that the cardiomonitor real-time records the pulsogram of the shooter, his chest oscillations are recorded using a strain gauge that converts dynamic forces into electrical signals, character these vibrations are determined by a stethophonendoscope with a microphone inserted into it, while the height of the signal amplitude corresponds to the strength of the sound of a heart beat, moving the chest in space is evaluated using an accelerometer, and an acoustic radio device when the trigger mechanism or trigger sensor is triggered allows you to synchronize the heart rate with the shot. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the extension of the sighting line is carried out due to the remote strap fastening namushnika with the front sight.

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