RU2591965C2 - Method of ballast water treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water purification.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a combined method of treatment and disinfection of water with chemical components and physical effects to obtain pure water in a closed circuit and is intended for the removal of biological pollution from ballast water of water transport and other industries that require a compact plant for cleaning liquids. A method of ballast water treatment includes filtration, disinfection with hydrogen peroxide and ultrasonic cavitation, as well as the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines or boilers; in its implementation takes place comprehensive treatment of contaminated water as follows: raw water pre-released by the major factions in the short-cycle self-cleaning filters; mixed with the hydrogen peroxide in the jet device, is processed ultrasound cavitation; is pumped into the ballast tanks or storage tanks, which houses the necessary time; before being discharged into the environment it again is super-clarified by mixing with the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines or boilers in the jet device and re-processed by ultrasonic cavitation.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to reduce the weight and size parameters of water treatment plants, to reduce power consumption and simplify their design, improve the reliability and comprehensively automate workflow and improve the environment in the whole watershed.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to combined methods of treating and disinfecting water using chemical components and physical influences to obtain clean water in a closed loop and is intended to remove biological contamination from ballast water of water transport and in other industries where compact liquid purification plants are required.

A ballast water treatment method, characterized in that when it is implemented, a complex treatment of contaminated water is carried out according to the following scheme: the source water is first freed from large fractions in self-cleaning short-cycle filters; mixed with hydrogen peroxide in a jet apparatus, processed by ultrasonic cavitation; It is pumped into ballast tanks or storage tanks, where the necessary time is stored; Before being discharged into the environment, it is re-treated by mixing with the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine or boiler units in the jet apparatus and again processed by ultrasonic cavitation.

The system for implementing the described method consists of two functional units: a pump distribution group and a ballast water treatment station.

The first unit is used to receive, filter, distribute through tanks and discharge ballast water through a ballast pump, pipelines and fittings.

In the station, ballast water treatment during ballasting is carried out by filtration in two successive mechanical self-cleaning filters, mixing in a jet apparatus with disinfecting hydrogen peroxide and ultrasonic cavitation treatment, and during de-ballasting, processing is repeated by mixing in a jet apparatus with exhaust gases of a power plant (ICE and boiler units) and reprocessing by ultrasonic cavitation.

A schematic diagram of a ballast water treatment system for implementing the proposed method for their treatment is presented in figure 1.

Known devices of ship complexes and water treatment plants described in sources [1], [2] and stationary [3].

The closest in technical essence is the utility model RU 2008121929 "Method for the disinfection of water by destroying aquatic organisms and a device for its implementation."

Common disadvantages of these objects are the following:

- the duration of the processing process, due to the multi-stage;

- the presence of reaction vessels of large volume;

- unsatisfactory mass and dimensional indicators of installations and complexes;

- high power consumption;

- design complexity;

- the complexity of management and automation.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of cleaning ballast water, reducing the weight and size characteristics of plants while reducing energy consumption, simplifying the design and comprehensive automation of the system.

The technical result of the invention is to develop a ballast water treatment method that reduces energy consumption, increases the efficiency of water treatment through the use of ultrasonic cavitation, disinfection with hydrogen peroxide and oxidation by exhaust gases of a power plant (ICE and boiler units), in simplifying the design by eliminating moving parts, increasing reliability of the entire installation and comprehensive automation of the system.

The number, purpose and operation of the functional units of the installation provide a complete and comprehensive solution to the task.

A similar purification method can be used for the integrated treatment of ballast and other slightly contaminated wastewater and natural waters in order to meet watercraft and water transport enterprises with the requirements of regulatory documentation, water supply with technical (circulating) water of individual industries, enterprises, organizations, etc.

The invention will allow for the complete comprehensive treatment of ballast and other slightly contaminated wastewater and natural waters using hydrogen peroxide disinfection processes, ultrasonic cavitation and exhaust gas oxidation of a power plant with the goal of their authorized discharge or use of individual production facilities, enterprises, organizations and etc.

This solution will improve the overall dimensions of water treatment plants, reduce energy consumption, simplify their design, increase reliability and comprehensively automate the work process, as well as improve the environmental situation of water basins in general.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a diagram of a ballast water treatment system for implementing the proposed processing method. The scheme is made in the form of graphical symbols for elements connected functionally by the lines of movement of the liquid and gas mixture.

The pump distribution group consists of: a ballast pump (item 1); ballast tanks of the vessel (item 6); pipelines and drive fittings (items 7 (1), 7 (2), 7 (3), 7 (4), 7 (5), 8 (1), 8 (2)).

The ballast water treatment station consists of self-cleaning mesh short-cycle filters (pos. 2 (1), 2 (2)), an inkjet apparatus (pos. 3); pulse generator of ultrasonic frequency (pos. 4) and ultrasonic cavitation emitters (pos. 5).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The result is achieved by the fact that the incoming water for processing undergoes a comprehensive treatment according to the technology described above in accordance with the scheme of the ballast water treatment system shown in Figure 1, as follows.

Natural contaminated water or ballast water from the vessel’s tanks (pos. 6) is taken by a ballast pump (pos. 1) and fed through alternately working self-cleaning short-cycle filters (pos. 2 (1), 2 (2)) to the jet apparatus (pos. 3 ), ensuring the suction of hydrogen peroxide or exhaust gases of a power plant (ICE and boiler units) and mixing them with the treated water.

Integrated water treatment is carried out in two stages.

At the first stage, viable organisms ≥50 μm in size are separated on the filters, the primary processes of oxidation of biological contaminants and the disinfection of water with hydrogen peroxide and ultrasonic cavitation, after which the water enters the distribution lines to the ballast tanks of the vessel (item 6). When ballast water is discharged overboard (into the environment), the second stage of water treatment is carried out, which consists in disinfecting it with the exhaust gases of the power plant (ICE and boiler units) and ultrasonic cavitation.

This technology allows to reduce the dose of active disinfectant during processing, which will reduce the corrosive activity of water in ballast tanks, and also eliminates the release of a chemical reagent into the environment when dumping ballast.

Thus, the number, purpose and operation of functional units provide a complete and comprehensive solution to the task.

The proposed method can be used for the integrated treatment of ballast and other slightly contaminated wastewater and natural waters in order to meet watercraft and water transport enterprises with the requirements of regulatory documents, water supply with technical (circulating) water of individual industries, enterprises, organizations, etc.

This solution will improve the overall dimensions of water treatment plants, reduce energy consumption, simplify their design, increase reliability and comprehensively automate the work process, as well as improve the environmental situation of water basins in general.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LIST

1. Patent of the Russian Federation RU 2193015 C2 for invention - Installation for water treatment.

2. Patent of the Russian Federation RU 2468858 C2 for invention - A device for treating ballast water with an aqueous solution of acrolein.

3. Etin V.L., Plotnikova V.N., Naumov B.C. Environmental safety of ships and industrial enterprises of water transport: A course of lectures for students of specialties 14.01, 14.02, 24.02, 33.02. / V.L. Etin, V.N. Plotnikova, V.S. Naumov. N. Novgorod: VGAVT, 1997 .-- 208 p.: Ill.

Claims (1)

A method for cleaning ballast water, including filtration, disinfection with hydrogen peroxide and ultrasonic cavitation, as well as exhaust gases from internal combustion engines or boilers, characterized in that when it is implemented, a complex treatment of contaminated water occurs according to the following scheme: the source water is previously freed from large fractions in self-cleaning short cycle filters; mixed with hydrogen peroxide in a jet apparatus, processed by ultrasonic cavitation; It is pumped into ballast tanks or storage tanks, where the necessary time is stored; Before being discharged into the environment, it is re-treated by mixing with the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine or boiler units in the jet apparatus and again processed by ultrasonic cavitation.

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