RU152746U1 - WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to combined methods of treating and disinfecting water using several chemical components and physical influences to obtain clean water in a closed circuit and is intended for the treatment of waste (fecal and domestic), natural waters from open and underground sources.

A water treatment system, characterized in that it involves the comprehensive treatment of contaminated water using three functional units: pre-treatment, coagulation-flotation, post-treatment and disinfection. In the first block, water is purified by separation of large fractions from it by sedimentation and filtration. In the coagulation-flotation unit, water is mixed with the coagulant in the jet apparatus and processed by ultrasonic cavitation. Further, the particles of contaminants interact with the coagulant in the reaction vessel inside the central shell of the flotator-coagulator. After enlargement, they are removed by flotation. The flotator-coagulator contains a housing consisting of concentrically arranged circular shells in plan view, between the inner and middle of which a flotation chamber is organized; A chamber for collecting and removing foam, as well as a capacity for collecting, settling and accumulating purified water, are formed in the upper part of the apparatus between the outer and inner shells, while the structure completely eliminates moving parts, foam is removed and the treated water is drained by gravity. To carry out the flotation process, part of the water treated in the flotator-coagulator is returned by the pump through the jet device, which draws in atmospheric air, and the aerator system into the flotation chamber. In the post-treatment and disinfection unit, the water is further treated by disinfection with an ozone-air mixture generated from dried atmospheric air in an ozone-forming UV lamp and filtration. At the final stage, the water is re-treated with ultrasonic cavitation and UV radiation.

The proposed utility model will allow for complete comprehensive treatment of wastewater and natural waters using the processes of filtration, sedimentation, ozonation, cavitation, coagulation, flotation, UV radiation for the purpose of their use for water supply (including recycling), as well as improve the environmental situation and reduce energy consumption and increase the reliability of the installation due to the complete rejection of the ozonation unit. This solution will improve the overall dimensions of water treatment plants, simplify their design, increase reliability and comprehensively automate the work process.

Description

The utility model relates to combined methods of processing and disinfecting water using several chemical components and physical influences to obtain clean water in a closed loop.

The system is designed to treat the following types of water: waste water (fecal and domestic), oily water, natural water from open and underground sources for technical purposes.

The system consists of three functional blocks: pre-treatment, coagulation-flotation, post-treatment and disinfection.

The first block is used for primary water purification by isolating large fractions from it through filtration and sedimentation.

In the coagulation-flotation unit, water is mixed with the coagulant in the jet apparatus and is subsequently treated with ultrasonic cavitation. Further interaction of the contaminant particles with the coagulant occurs in the reaction vessel inside the central shell of the flotator-coagulator. After enlargement, they are removed by flotation. The flotator-coagulator contains a housing consisting of concentrically arranged circular shells in plan view, between the inner and middle of which a flotation chamber is organized; A chamber for collecting and removing foam, as well as a capacity for collecting, settling and accumulating purified water, are formed in the upper part of the apparatus between the outer and inner shells, while the structure completely eliminates moving parts, foam is removed and the treated water is drained by gravity. To carry out the flotation process, part of the water treated in the flotator-coagulator is returned by the pump through the jet device, which draws in atmospheric air, and the aerator system into the flotation chamber.

The tertiary treatment and disinfection unit provides the tertiary treatment of water by mixing it with an ozone-air mixture generated from dried atmospheric air in an ozone-forming UV lamp, secondary treatment with ultrasonic cavitation and filtration using ultraviolet radiation at the final stage.

Schematic diagram of a water treatment system is presented in figure 1.

Known devices of stationary complexes and wastewater treatment plants described in sources [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] and mobile ship [6], [7], [8], [9] .

The closest in technical essence is the utility model RU 93390 "Installation of water purification".

Signs of the closest analogue, coinciding with the essential features of the claimed model are:

- the use in the technological process of water treatment of ozonation, filtration and UV radiation;

- generation of an ozone-air mixture in the UV irradiation unit between the quartz case and the UV lamp;

- the use of overload filter volume as a contact tank for the implementation of the oxidation of impurities and disinfection.

Common disadvantages of these objects are the following:

- unsatisfactory mass and dimensional indicators of installations and complexes;

- high power consumption;

- the duration of the processing process, due to the multi-stage;

- the need for consumables (chemicals, replaceable cartridges, etc.);

- design complexity;

- lack of a stage of purification;

- treated water does not always meet the requirements of regulatory regulatory documentation.

The reasons that impede the obtaining of a technical result provided by the utility model when using the prototype device are:

- the inability to clean highly concentrated contaminated water due to the absence of impurities during the processing of coagulation and flotation;

- the need for very frequent washing and regeneration of the filter load due to its rapid contamination by sewage sludge;

- insufficient water disinfection during wastewater treatment, caused by the relatively low dose of ozone generated in the UV irradiation unit;

- lack of a stage of purification.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of wastewater and natural water treatment and reduce weight and size characteristics.

The essential features of the claimed utility model that are distinguishing from the closest analogue are:

- the use of three functional blocks: pre-treatment, coagulation-flotation, post-treatment and disinfection. This makes it possible to optimize and automate the operation of the system with the changing quality of the water entering the treatment, and reduces energy consumption;

- the use in the first block of sedimentation and filtration allows to simplify the design and to ensure the removal of large fractions of contaminants. This will ensure a stable quality of water entering the second stage of purification, reduces the dose of coagulant and increases the reliability of the installation;

- the use of an ultrasonic cavitator behind the ejector makes it possible to obtain not only the primary disinfection of water by cavitation, but also to ensure its high-quality mixing with the coagulant. Heating accompanying cavitation treatment additionally accelerates the coagulation of contaminants in the water. In addition, in the proposed design of the apparatus there are no moving parts, which increases the reliability of the system as a whole;

- the use of a flotator-coagulator to remove aggregated particles of contaminants. The flotator-coagulator contains a housing consisting of concentrically arranged circular shells in plan view, between the inner and middle of which a flotation chamber is organized; with a conical baffle in the upper part of the apparatus between the outer and inner shells, a chamber for collecting and removing foam, as well as a capacity for collecting, settling and accumulating purified water, are formed, while the design completely eliminates moving parts, foam is removed and the treated water is drained by gravity, and the processing efficiency water due to the rational organization of hydrodynamic flows;

- the use of recirculation of water processed in a flotator-coagulator for the implementation of the flotation process can improve the efficiency of water treatment in the system, reduce energy consumption due to the rejection of blowers or compressors;

- the use of water after-treatment with disinfection with an ozone-air mixture generated from dried atmospheric air in a UV radiation unit and filtration, and at the final stage - re-treatment with ultrasonic cavitation and UV radiation ensures guaranteed disinfection and environmental reliability of the entire system.

The technical result of the utility model will be in the development of a wastewater treatment system that will reduce energy consumption, increase the efficiency of water treatment due to the rational organization of hydrodynamic flows, simplify the design by eliminating moving parts, increase the reliability of the entire installation while reducing the functional unit - the ozonator unit.

A common technical result for all the features included in the formula is to increase the efficiency of water treatment due to the rational organization of hydrodynamic flows.

The number, purpose and operation of the functional units of the system provide a complete and comprehensive solution to the task.

A similar system can be used for the comprehensive treatment of contaminated wastewater and natural waters for the supply of technical (circulating) water to individual industries, enterprises, organizations, courts, pools, small municipalities, etc.

The proposed utility model will allow for the complete comprehensive treatment of wastewater and natural waters using the processes of filtration, sedimentation, ozonation, ultrasonic cavitation, coagulation, flotation, UV radiation due to the use in the system of a synergistic effect that occurs when several active influences and oxidizing agents are used simultaneously (Activated oxidative technologies (AOT′s)). This phenomenon allows to obtain the desired effect to reduce the intensity of each of the individual effects with simultaneous use. For a specific AOT′s system, it consists in the simultaneous use of ultrasonic cavitation and coagulation, as well as ultrasonic cavitation, ozonation and UV radiation.

In the first case, this will reduce the dose of the chemical reagent - coagulant. Secondly, to reduce the ozone dose and the intensity of UV radiation, which reduces the overall dimensions of the system elements and their energy consumption. The use of the proposed systems for water supply (including recycling) will improve the environmental situation, reduce energy consumption and increase the reliability of the installation due to the complete rejection of the ozonizer unit. This solution will reduce the overall dimensions of water treatment plants, simplify their design, increase reliability and comprehensively automate the work process.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a water treatment plant. The scheme is made in the form of graphical symbols of elements that are functionally connected by lines of movement of liquid, sludge, coagulant and ozone-air mixture.

The first block consists of a pre-filter screen (pos. 1), an initial wastewater tank (item 2), a secondary filter screen (item 3), and a slurry tank (item 16).

The coagulation-flotation unit consists of: a high-pressure pump (pos. 4), an inkjet apparatus (pos. 5 (1)), a coagulant flow rate (pos. 6), a control valve (pos. 7), an ultrasonic cavitation emitter (pos. 18 ( 1)), an ultrasonic frequency pulse generator (pos. 23), a flotator-coagulator, formed of concentric round round shells, comprise: tangential input (pos. 8), reaction vessel (pos. 9), foam collection and removal chamber (pos. . 10), a conical partition (pos. 11), openings for overflow of water (pos. 12), the capacity of collection, sludge and accumulation purified water (pos. 13), aerators (pos. 14), flotation chamber (pos. 15).

The post-treatment and disinfection unit includes: a centrifugal pump (pos. 17), an inkjet apparatus (pos. 5 (2)), a sand filter (pos. 19), an ultrasonic cavitation emitter (pos. 18 (2)), an UV-ozone-forming lamp radiation (pos. 20), air preparation unit (pos. 21), an inkjet apparatus (pos. 5 (3)), the water flow into which is drawn through the throttle washer (pos. 22).

Utility Model Implementation

The result is achieved by the fact that the water entering the system undergoes a comprehensive treatment in accordance with the schematic diagram of the water treatment plant shown in Figure 1, as follows.

Source contaminated (natural) water enters the pre-treatment unit through a strainer (item 1), where coarse contaminants are separated, into the source water tank (item 2), which serves as a sump. Heavy fractions precipitate here, which then enter the sludge tank (key 16).

Next, water is supplied by a high-pressure pump (item 4) through a secondary filter (item 3) to the jet apparatus (item 5 (1)), where highly effective mixing of the treated water with the coagulant taken through the control valve (item 7) takes place from a supply tank (pos. 6), at the output of which there is an insert with an ultrasonic cavitation emitter (pos. 18 (1)), the pulses to which are supplied from a master oscillator (pos. 23). At this stage, the primary processes of water disinfection by cavitation occur. After that, water enters through a tangential inlet (pos. 8) into the reaction vessel (pos. 9), where the processes of coagulation of impurities occur. The volume of the coagulant is determined so that the coagulation process is carried out most fully, but sludge is not released from the treated water. Processed water flows through the overflows in the lower part of the reaction vessel into the flotation chamber (pos. 15), where it rises during the flotation processes, and then through the openings (pos. 12) located along the edge of the conical septum (pos. 11), it enters the external the shell forming the capacity for collection, sludge and accumulation of purified water (pos. 13). The foam released during the flotation process is displaced by the water that comes into the collection and removal chamber again (pos. 10), from where it is discharged into the sludge tank (pos. 16).

Non-floatable impurities settling in the flotation chamber (pos. 15) and collection tanks, sludge and accumulation of purified water (pos. 13) are also periodically removed to the sludge tank (pos. 16).

The purified water is taken by a centrifugal pump (pos. 17) from the outer shell of the flotator and sent through a jet apparatus (pos. 5 (2)) where highly effective saturation of the treated water with the ozone-air mixture generated in the UV lamp (pos. 20) between quartz cover and UV lamp from the atmospheric air prepared in the drainage unit (pos. 21). At this stage, the final processes of oxidation of impurities by ozone occur.

Then the water enters the sand filter (item 19), where the remaining impurities are separated by filtration.

To carry out the flotation process (1/3 ... 1/4), part of the treated water after the pump (key 17) is taken through a throttle washer (key 22) for the operation of the jet apparatus (key 5 (3)), which draws in atmospheric air. Water saturated with air enters through the perforated pipelines for supplying the water-gas mixture (pos. 14) to the flotation chamber (pos. 15) of the flotator-coagulator.

The last step is water purification in a UV lamp (pos. 20), which provides the most complete post-treatment and disinfection of water, at the input of which there is an insert with an ultrasonic cavitation emitter (pos. 18 (2)), the pulses of which are supplied from a master oscillator ( Pos. 23). Thus, tertiary treatment is carried out by secondary disinfection of water by cavitation and UV radiation.

The purified water is discharged into a pond, sewer or sent to consumers for technical needs or subsequent treatment.

Thus, the number, purpose and operation of functional units provide a complete and comprehensive solution to the task.

The proposed utility model will allow for complete comprehensive treatment of wastewater and incoming water using the processes of filtration, sedimentation, ozonation, cavitation, coagulation, flotation, UV radiation for the purpose of their use for water supply (including recycling), as well as improve the environmental situation and reduce energy consumption and increase the reliability of the installation due to the complete rejection of the ozonation unit. This improves the mass-dimensional parameters of water treatment plants, simplify their design, increase reliability and comprehensively automate the work process.

Bibliographic list

1. Patent of the Russian Federation RU 2404133. Installation for wastewater treatment.

2. Patent of the Russian Federation RU 2344999. Installation for wastewater treatment.

3. Patent of the Russian Federation RU 2359919. Installation and method of wastewater treatment.

4. Patent of the Russian Federation RU 98123544. Installation for ozonation of water.

5. Patent of the Russian Federation RU 2092448. Method for cleaning and disinfecting water.

6. Patent of the Russian Federation for utility model RU 93390. Water treatment plant.

7. Brodach M.M., Shilkin. N.V. Living Machine sewage treatment plant // Plumbing. - 2002. - No. 6.

8. Etin V.L., Plotnikova V.N., Naumov B.C. Environmental safety of ships and industrial enterprises of water transport: A course of lectures for students of specialties 14.01, 14.02, 24.02, 33.02. / V.L. Etin, V.N. Plotnikova, V.S. Naumov. N. Novgorod: VGAVT, 1997 .-- 208 p.: Ill.

9. Johansson M., Lennartsson M. Sustainable wastewater treatment methods for single-family homes // Green World website, http://www.greenworld.org.ru/eng/publ/wtoi/contents.htm

Claims (1)

A complex system for the purification of contaminated water, which includes three functional units: pre-treatment, coagulation-flotation, post-treatment and disinfection, characterized in that the first unit contains a series-connected sump and filter to separate large fractions from water; the coagulation-flotation unit consists of a pump, an inkjet apparatus, an ultrasonic cavitation emitter and a coagulator flotator comprising a housing consisting of three concentrically arranged circular shells in plan, where the inner shell forms a coagulation chamber, the inner and middle form a flotation chamber, the middle and external - the capacity of the collection, sludge and accumulation of purified water, and a conical partition in the upper part of the housing between the outer and inner shells, which forms a collection chamber and ud laziness of foam; a post-treatment and disinfection unit comprises a pump, an inkjet apparatus, a sand filter, an ultrasonic cavitation emitter, an ozone-forming UV lamp; the system also includes an ultrasonic pulse generator and an air preparation unit.

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