RU2591934C1 - Device for finishing and hardening processing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for grinding, planishing and hardening of surface layer of parts. Device comprises a drum made in the form of a spiral tunnel, fixed on the platform and elastically installed at the bed. Drum is rigidly fixed on the platform with a horizontally mounted dipole, made with multithread screw surface along the perimeter and folded along a spiral axis of symmetry around a central rectilinear drum axis so that spiral grooves in the form of wavelike pockets are formed inside. Drum consists of rhomb-shaped strips, where trapezoids are installed which lateral sides are located on lateral sides of the strip, top and bottom bases of trapezoids are arranged at an acute angle to strip axis of symmetry and are crease edges. Sections are interconnected by lateral sides of trapezoids.

EFFECT: expanded performances, higher intensity of processing.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a finishing-stripping and hardening processing of parts in a free granular medium and can be used in mechanical engineering, with dimensionless processing of parts.

A tumbling device is known (USSR AS No. 1743820, class B24B 31/02. 1992), containing a multi-sectional drum, the side surface of each section of which is made by alternately connected rectangles and parallelograms, with the formation of square sections at the ends, while the square of each subsequent sections are rotated relative to the previous square by an angle of 90 °, with the formation on the surface of the drum of zigzag lines with a constant step along the length of the drum and a constant size of the passage section of the drum, the position of which is relative to and rotating constantly, which causes movement of a stationary flow and restricts the increase in the intensity of treatment.

A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of processing intensity and limited technological capabilities.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for finishing and hardening processing (RF patent No. 252829, class B24B 31/02, publ. 09/10/2014, bull. No. 25), containing a drum equipped with a drive, made in the form of a spiral tunnel shape, fixed with the possibility of rotation on a platform mounted elastically on the bed, loading and unloading devices.

A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of processing intensity and limited technological capabilities.

The technical solution to the problem is to expand technological capabilities and increase the intensity of hardening processing.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in the device for finishing and hardening processing, comprising a drum made in the form of a spiral tunnel shape, mounted on a platform, mounted elastically on the bed, loading and unloading devices, the drum is rigidly mounted on the platform with a vibrator mounted horizontally mounted under the platform and is made spiral from a hollow tunnel with a multiple helical surface along the perimeter, rolled along a spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ spiral drum equipped with helical grooves inside at an angle to its spiral axis in the form of wave-shaped pockets with centers of curvature alternately inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel and assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled from the same diamond-shaped strip on which trapeziums are placed, the lateral sides of which are located on the lateral sides of the diamond-shaped strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are located at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the diamond-shaped 0 ₃ -0 strip ₃ and fold lines are located at distances from each other equal to the length of the wave-shaped pockets along the inner surface of the hollow tunnel spiral shape, wherein the section in the form of rings interconnected sides of trapezoids.

According to the patent technical literature, no technical solution was found that is similar to the claimed one, which allows one to judge the inventive step of a device for finishing and hardening processing.

The novelty is due to the fact that the drum is made spiral with a multiple helical surface, which increases productivity and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty is that the installation of a vibrator under the base with the drum provides a path of oscillation of the drum along with the machined parts of the processed medium in the form of a vertical ellipse, which increases the specific gravity of the total kinetic energy (E _n ) and increases productivity.

The novelty is that the spiral drum with a multi-start screw surface around the perimeter is equipped with screw grooves inside and outside at an angle to the spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} hollow tunnel of a spiral shape with a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ , which increases the performance of dewatering and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty is that the spiral grooves of the spiral drum are made in the form of pockets of a wave-like shape with centers of curvature located inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel, which expands the technological capabilities and increases the dehydration performance.

The novelty is seen in the fact that the spiral drum is assembled from the section in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same diamond-shaped stripes, on which trapeziums are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry diamond-shaped stripes 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are bending lines located at distances from each other equal to the length of the pockets of a curved shape along the inner surface of the hollow tunnel of the spiral filter, while the sections are in the form of a stake c are connected to each other by the lateral sides of the trapezoid, this increases the performance of finishing and hardening processing.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that along the entire perimeter of the spiral drum, the passage section varies not only in shape, but also in area, which provides alternate compression and expansion of flows of processed parts and particles of working media in each section of the spiral drum, increases productivity and extends technological opportunities.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that the trapezoid of the diamond-shaped strips from which the sections are mounted are not only inclined to each other, but also to the axis of symmetry of the spiral drum, therefore, the compression ratio of the particles of the processed parts and particles of the working medium increases and the process of finishing hardening is intensified.

The novelty lies in the fact that the drum is made of sections, the walls of which are differently inclined not only to each other, but also to the direction of the rotational movement of the flows of the workpieces and particles of the processed media moving under the influence of vibration in planes perpendicular to the passage section of the drum, this complicates the trajectory their movement and increases the intensity of processing and expands technological capabilities.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a device for finishing hardening processing, General view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 - a visual image of a spiral drum with pockets of a wave-like shape; in FIG. 4 - a visual representation of the relative position of the spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , along which a hollow tunnel with a multiple helical surface is rolled around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ ; in FIG. 5 - one of the diamond-shaped strips on which trapezoids are placed, the upper and lower bases of which are located at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ in the form of fold lines; in FIG. 6 - a rhomboid-shaped strip bent along the fold lines to the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid; in FIG. 7 - one of the diamond-shaped stripes, rolled into a ring.

The device for finishing and hardening processing (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) contains a drum 1, rigidly fixed to the platform 2, which is resiliently mounted using four rubber-cord cylinders 3 on the base 4. On the platform 2, the loading device 5 is rigidly fixed, and from below to the platform 2 is also rigidly attached to the vibrator 6 with a horizontal axis of rotation.

The device for finishing and hardening processing is equipped with an unloading device 7 for receiving the processed parts and particles of the working medium using slice 8.

The vibrator 6 is mounted horizontally under the platform 2 and therefore provides the movement of the workpieces and particles of the working media inside the drum 1 under the influence of the vibrator 6 along elliptical trajectories.

The drum 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made spiral. In FIG. 4 shows a visual representation of the relative position of the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} hollow tunnel of the spiral drum 1 (in Fig. 4, the spiral drum is shown in cross sections 9 of the hollow tunnel with a multiple helical surface) and the central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral drum 1.

Thus, along the perimeter, the spiral drum 1 is made in the form of a spiral-shaped tunnel with a multi-helical surface along the perimeter and is provided with screw grooves inside and outside, located at an angle α to the axis of symmetry of the spiral 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} center of symmetry axis (Fig. 3) of the tunnel spiral, coiled 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around the central axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral drum 1.

The helical grooves of the spiral drum 1 are made in the form of pockets 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 on the inner surface and pockets on the outer surface 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 of the spiral shape tunnel (Fig. 4), in the form pockets of a wavy shape with centers of curvature located inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel, while the drum is assembled from sections in the form of rings 22 of the same shape and size, connected to each other by the lateral sides 23 and 24.

The result is a hollow tunnel of the spiral drum 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) with the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} spiral drum 1 twisted around the central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral drum 1 along diameter D _cp with the formation of a spiral drum 1 with an outer diameter of D _max and an inner diameter of D _min (Fig. 4).

In this case, the hollow spiral drum 1 with a multiple helical surface is provided with helical grooves in the form of pockets of a wave-like shape 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and pockets of a wave-like shape 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 along the outer surface of the spiral drum 1 (Fig. 4).

Thus, a hollow perforated tunnel with its own spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 is} folded along this spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ and form a spiral drum 1 (Fig. 4).

Section 22 is made in the form of a ring (Fig. 7) mounted from a diamond-shaped strip 25.

Trapeziums 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 are placed on the diamond-shaped strip 25, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped strip 25, and the upper and lower bases of these trapezoids (Fig. 5) are located at an acute angle β to the axis of symmetry of the diamond-shaped stripes 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are the bend lines (Fig. 5, Fig. 6) located at distances from each other equal to the length of the scan of the perimeter of the curved pockets (Fig. 7) of the spiral drum 1, made in the form of a hollow tunnel.

In FIG. 5 shows the trapezoid:

ABVG - the first trapeze 26;

VDEG - the second trapezoid 27;

JZE - third trapezoid 28.

In this case, AB is the smallest of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the diamond-shaped strip 25 below the bend line of the ZhZ and the above three trapeziums (first 26, second 27, third 28).

In FIG. 5 also shows the trapezoid:

ZhNKZ - the fourth trapezoid 29;

NLMK - the fifth trapezoid 30;

LNPM - sixth trapezoid 31.

In this case, NP is the smallest base of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the diamond-shaped strip 25 above the bend line of the ZhZ, which for all trapezoids, in turn, is the largest of all the lower bases from the fourth trapezium to the sixth trapezoid.

Thus, the JZ fold line is not only the lower base of the JZE trapezoid, but also the longest base of the JZZE trapezoid and the longest of all the lower bend lines of the diamond-shaped strip 25 and ring 22 (Fig. 7).

Moreover, the fold lines AB and NP are the shortest of all the fold lines of the diamond-shaped strip 25 and rings 22 and AB = NP.

The ratio of the length of the bend line of ZhZ and AB (NP) determines the value of step S _{1 of the} spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , and therefore the step of winding the hollow tunnel around the straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral drum 1.

For example, in FIG. 5 fold lines L ₆ <L ₅ <L ₄ <L ₃ and L ₀ <L ₁ <L ₂ <L ₃ .

The diamond-shaped strip 25 is bent along the straight bend lines, which are the base of all six trapezoids and parallel to each other (Fig. 5).

Then, the strip 25 is bent along the fold lines in a wave-like fashion (FIG. 6) and then folded into a ring 22 (FIG. 7) with wave-shaped pockets. Sections in the form of identical rings 22 are then connected to each other sequentially by the lateral sides 23 and 24 so that all fold lines are a continuation of the fold lines of the same ring of the previous ring.

Thus, the spiral drum 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made around the perimeter in the form of a multi-helical spiral surface around the perimeter of the spiral drum 1 with helical grooves inside and outside the spiral drum 1 in the form of pockets of a wave-like shape 10, 11 , 12, 13, 14, 15 on the inner surface and helical grooves on the outer surface 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 at an angle α to the spiral axis of the hollow tunnel of the spiral shape of the spiral drum 1.

A device for finishing and hardening processing works as follows.

The disturbing force of the vibrator 6 through the walls of the platform 2 and the drum 1 is transmitted to the workpieces and particles of the working medium inside the drum 1 and entering the drum 1 in a continuous stream through the loading device 5. The workpieces and particles of the working media rotate along vertical elliptical trajectories, when which is the process of processing. At the same time, the processed parts and particles of the working media not only intensively interact with each other, but also under the influence of vibration, rotate in a plane perpendicular to the through section of the drum 1. Since the dimensions of the cross section along the length of the drum 1, their shape and location are aggravated disruption of the movement of the processed parts and particles of the working medium, which in this case, interacting with the walls of the drum 1, are moved from loading to unloading. The presence of a drum 1 of screw surfaces around the perimeter of the drum 1 contributes not only to the complication of the motion paths of the workpieces and particles of the working medium, but also to the displacement along the passage section of the drum 1 to the discharge side.

When particles move, the workpieces and particles of the working media along the bore of the drum 1 due to changes in the bore in shape and size form alternately compression and vacuum zones in each section of the drum 1 throughout its volume, which also intensifies the processing of parts and expands technological capabilities . The processed parts and particles of the working medium through the discharge window 32 are discharged using the slice 8 into the tank 7.

The technical and economic advantages of the device for finishing and hardening treatment arise due to the implementation of a spiral-shaped drum with helical surfaces in the form of wave-shaped pockets, which ensures reduction of overall dimensions along the length, expansion of technological capabilities, increase in productivity and the path (length) of movement of workpieces and working particles wednesday

Technical and economic advantages also arise due to the installation of a vibrator horizontally below the platform with a filter and a change in the shape of the trajectory of the workpiece and working medium particles in the form of a vertical ellipse, which ensures an increase in the specific gravity of the total kinetic energy (E _p ) and increases productivity.

Claims (1)

A device for finishing and hardening processing, comprising a drum made in the form of a spiral tunnel mounted on a platform and mounted elastically on a bed, and loading and unloading devices, characterized in that the drum is rigidly mounted on a platform having a vibrator mounted horizontally mounted under the platform, made with a multi-helical helical surface around the perimeter and folded along the spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around the central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} drum with the formation of screw grooves n At an angle to its spiral axis in the form of pockets of a wave-like shape with centers of curvature alternately inside and outside its cross section, the drum is assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same diamond-shaped stripes on which trapeziums are placed whose sides are located on the sides of the rhomboid strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the rhomboid strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are fold lines located on from each other, equal to the length of the pockets of a wave-like shape on the inner surface of the drum, and the said sections are connected to each other by the lateral sides of the trapezoid.

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