RU2591868C1 - Explosive cartridge with tight detonating cap input device, method of making said cartridge and appliance for making said cartridge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of cartridges of safety explosive substances. Method of making explosive cartridge with tight detonating cap input device consists in sealing one of ends of tubular shell of polymer material, filling of its cavity on side of open end with emulsion or water-gel industrial explosive with subsequent sealing of open end, and then fixing detonating cap. For tubular shell a flexible polymer material is used. Before filling cavity of tubular shell from flexible material in said shell on side of open end there is a nozzle of a dosing device and shell is placed on side of its sealed end in cup-shaped element with resting of said end in fixed on bottom part of tubular rod. Then, filling cavity of tubular shell with emulsion or water-gel industrial explosive substance, wherein there is girth wall tubular cover of tubular rod to form a position in shell cavity recess for placement of detonating cap.

EFFECT: longer life and reliability of preservation of properties of cartridge.

3 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the production of cartridges of safety explosives for mining blasting in underground mines and mines, dangerous for the explosion of dust and gases.

Modern emulsion (emulsion explosives) and water-gel (HBVV) industrial explosives (explosives) manufactured in the conditions of enterprises conducting blasting operations, depending on the formulation, can be both susceptible to the initiating pulse from the primary means of initiation (detonator capsule, detonating cord and etc.), and are not susceptible to primary means of initiation, and, as a result of this, requiring the use of intermediate detonators to initiate detonation (hereinafter - PD, “boosters”, “fighters” - products from explosives, sensitive to primary means of initiation, and explosives that transmit a detonation pulse to the main initiated charge).

To increase the safety of the use of explosive and explosive-borne explosives, it is necessary to replace PD traditionally made from solid explosives (trotyl, TNT-hexogen or pentolithic, etc.) with intermediate detonators made from similar explosive substances (explosive and explosive) made locally application. This will reduce the transportation of PD on public roads and railways, reduce the number of stored PD in stationary warehouses of explosive materials of enterprises conducting blasting operations, which will generally increase the level of industrial safety.

Susceptible to primary means of initiation of emulsion explosives and hepatitis B virus (hereinafter referred to as substances of class 1.1), by the specificity of their prescription composition, they are more expensive in comparison with emulsion explosives and hepatitis B agents that are not sensitive to primary means of initiation (hereinafter referred to as substances of class 1.5). To reduce the cost of blasting, the main charge of emulsion explosives and waterborne explosives is formed from substances of class 1.5, and for PD, which, as a rule, is less than 1% of the mass of the main charge, emulsion explosives and airborne explosives of class 1.1 are used.

Known cartridge emulsion explosive explosive class 1.1, comprising a shell and placed in it a protective emulsion explosive containing water-in-oil emulsion, consisting of oxidizing and fuel phases, glass microspheres and a flame arrester, as a shell it contains a cylindrical polymer shell with ends sealed with metal or polymer clips or by pulsed welding as an emulsion explosive fuse mulsionnoe safety explosive substance obtained by mixing the emulsion "water in oil" to homogeneity with 3.5-5.0 wt. % glass microspheres by weight of the emulsion, adding to the resulting mixture of flame arrester in an amount of 5-10 wt. % by weight of this mixture and mechanical mixing until the mixture is homogeneous, while the emulsion preservative contains a water-in-oil emulsion containing 93.3 wt.% as a water-in-oil emulsion. % oxidative phase containing 75 wt. % ammonium nitrate, 15.04 wt. % calcium nitrate and 9.96 wt. % water, and 6.7 wt. % of the fuel phase, consisting of 37.5 wt. % paraffin, 37.5 wt. % mineral oil and 25 wt. % emulsifier, as glass microspheres - sodium glass microspheres with a particle size of from 50 to 400 microns, and ammonium chloride with a particle size of from 20 to 400 microns (RU 98065, F42B 3/00, publ. 09/27/2010, as a flame arrester). )

Also known is a class 1.1 safety emulsion explosive cartridge, comprising a shell and a safety emulsion explosive placed therein containing a water-in-oil emulsion consisting of oxidizing and fuel phases, glass microspheres and a flame arrester, it contains a cylindrical polymer tube as a shell, one end of which is open for filling with explosive and has a shoulder inside, and the other, a sealed end, is made with the possibility of connection with an open end of a second tax cartridge with a retainer in the form of an external transverse groove for the possibility of interaction with the shoulder inside the open end of the second cartridge after installing a stopper in its shell, used after filling the shell with an emulsion safety explosive, obtained by mixing the water-in-oil emulsion until uniform with 3.5 -5.0 wt. % glass microspheres by weight of the emulsion, adding to the resulting mixture of flame arrester in an amount of 5-10 wt. % by weight of this mixture and mechanical stirring until the mixture is homogeneous, while the water-in-oil emulsion consists of 93.3 wt. % oxidative phase containing 75.18 wt. % ammonium nitrate, 10.45 wt. % sodium nitrate and 14.37 wt. % water, and 6.7 wt. % of the fuel phase, consisting of 20.0 wt. % paraffin, 40.0 wt. % mineral oil and 40.0 wt. % emulsifier, as glass microspheres - sodium glass microspheres with a particle size of 50 to 400 microns, and ammonium chloride as a flame arrester - with a particle size of 20 to 400 microns, and in the center of the cork there is a zone of the smallest possible thickness - for piercing and input detonator (RU 101167, F42B 3/00, publ. 05.10.2010). Adopted as a prototype for the claimed device.

From the same source, a method for manufacturing this cartridge is known.

This patent describes the manufacturing process of the SEWS of the periodic (batch) type. Portions of the starting components are measured by the gravimetric method. This is the only way to maintain a strict proportion between the components (the quality of mixing in the stream is insufficient due to possible pulsations in the in-line dosing of the components).

First, the oxidizing phase is prepared at a temperature of + 80 ° C. In addition, the fuel phase is prepared at a temperature of 80 ° C. Then, the oxidation and fuel phases are emulsified (with a ratio of 93.3% oxidative phase + 6.7% fuel phase) to obtain a water-in-oil emulsion. In the resulting emulsion add 3.5 wt. % glass microspheres with a particle size of from 50 to 400 microns. Mix the mixture until homogeneous (uniformity is controlled by measuring the density of samples taken from different points in the volume of the mixture), which is approximately 10-15 minutes. After that, to the resulting mixture of emulsion with glass microspheres add 5 wt. % flame arrester - ammonium chloride with a particle size of from 20 to 400 microns. Mix the mixture until homogeneous (uniformity is controlled by measuring the density of samples taken from different points in the volume of the mixture), which is approximately 10-15 minutes. The finished mixture is fed into a screw pump and the shells of the cartridges are filled (the shell of the cartridge is a polymer tube made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, etc. material with one open end through which the PEVV tube is filled) with the pump working body rotational speed no more than 300 rpm The filling mode of the shells of the cartridges is selected experimentally, based on the specific conditions of production with a minimum mechanical impact on the composition of the PEVV and to maintain the desired degree of sensitization of the PEVV (microspheres should not be destroyed).

After filling the PEVV cartridge, its open end of the tube inside is sealed with a stopper, which is held inside both due to friction and against the shoulder. And in the center of the cork there is a zone of the smallest possible thickness - for piercing and introducing the detonator. Adopted as a prototype for the claimed method.

These PD have a number of disadvantages that limit their use:

- it is difficult to sensitize emulsion explosives and HBV by the method of chemical gas generation - when the chemical reaction of gas generation occurs, the gases released will increase the pressure inside the sealed PD, which can cause a rupture of the cartridge shell,

- the introduction of primary means of initiation into the PD leads to the need to violate the integrity of the outer shell of the PD (for the introduction of the detonator capsule into the shell, punctures, incisions of the shell are necessary), as a result of which extrusion of explosives from the PD and a decrease in the mass of the PD can occur, which will lead to insufficient power of the PD and, as a result, to the possible failure of the detonation of the main initiating explosive charge 1.5.

In addition, an explosive that extends beyond the envelope can come into undesirable contact with destructible rocks, from which it can either decompose prematurely or explode prematurely. The explosive that extends beyond the envelope can undergo erosion with water inside drilled holes and boreholes, which makes it susceptible to detonation.

The present invention is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing operational durability and reliability, in maintaining the properties of the cartridge by eliminating the piercing of the shell when installing the detonator and reducing the negative effects of increasing pressure inside the cartridge shell.

The specified technical result for the device is achieved by the fact that in the cartridge of an explosive with a sealed input device of the detonator capsule, which is a tubular shell made of a polymer material with sealed ends, inside which an emulsion or water-gel industrial explosive is placed, as well as a detonator, the tubular shell is flexible at the same time, from one sealed end in the body of the tubular shell, a recess elongated along the shell of oblong shape is formed for p detonator displacement, formed by pressing the end part of the tubular shell into this shell.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the device for manufacturing an explosive cartridge with a sealed detonator-capsule input device is a glass-shaped element with a wall height of not more than the length of the cartridge, in this part of which at least one through hole is made and a tubular rod is fixed, directed towards the open end of this glass-like element and made not less than the length of the detonator capsule.

The specified technical result for the method is achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing an explosive cartridge with a sealed detonator capsule input device, which consists in sealing one of the ends of the tubular shell from a polymeric material, filling its cavity from the open end with an emulsion or water gel industrial explosive, followed by by sealing the open end, and then fixing the detonator, a flexible polymeric material is used for the tubular shell, and before filling m of the cavity of the tubular shell from a flexible material, a nozzle of the metering device is introduced into this shell from the side of the open end and the shell is placed from the side of its sealed end in a glass-like element with abutment of this end in the tubular rod fixed to the bottom of this element, and then the cavity of the tubular shell is filled emulsion or water-gel industrial explosive, in which the wall of the tubular shell of the tubular rod is grasped to form a cavity drawn into the cavity recess balls for subsequent placement of a detonator capsule in it.

These features are significant and are interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

The present invention is illustrated by a specific example of execution, which, however, is not the only possible, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the desired technical result.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the cartridge assembly with a detonator capsule and a waveguide;

FIG. 2 is the same as in FIG. 1, a longitudinal section;

FIG. 3 - a device for forming a cavity under the detonator capsule;

FIG. 4 - tubular shell;

FIG. 5 - sealing the tubular shell from one end (end);

FIG. 6 - fixing the open end of the tubular shell on the nozzle of the metering device;

FIG. 7 - installation of a tubular shell from the side of the sealed end in the device;

FIG. 8 - pressure shell on the tubular rod of the device;

FIG. 9 - shows the position of the sealed end of the tubular shell in the device with the formation of the cavity for the detonator capsule;

FIG. 10 - shows the process of filling the tubular shell with a preservative explosive;

FIG. 11 shows a process for removing a nozzle of a metering device from a tubular shell;

FIG. 12 - shows the process of sealing the tubular shell after the output of the nozzle of the metering device;

FIG. 13 - shows the process of extracting the filled tubular shell from the device;

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal section of a tubular shell removed from the device.

According to the present invention, a new design of an explosive cartridge with a sealed detonator capsule input device used for mining blasting in underground mines and mines hazardous by explosion of dust and gases is contemplated. This cartridge can be considered as an intermediate detonator (PD) for protective explosive substances for charges that are not susceptible to primary means of initiation, and, therefore, requiring the use of intermediate detonators to initiate detonation.

The explosive cartridge (Fig. 1 and 2) with a sealed input device of the detonator capsule 1 is a tubular shell 2 of flexible polymer material (a piece of polymer sleeve - Fig. 4). The shell is made with sealed ends 3 and 4. An emulsion or water-gel industrial explosive 5 is placed inside the flexible shell. At the same time, a recess 6 (recess) is formed in the body of the tubular shell from the sealed end to extend the detonator capsule 1. This a recess (recess) is formed by pressing the end part of the tubular shell into this shell in the direction along its length. After placing the detonator (detonator capsule), a flexible wire lead 7 (wires for supplying an electric pulse or a waveguide of a non-electric initiation system) from the detonator capsule is laid around the shell outside of it by binding or tying to prevent the liner from jumping off the body of the cartridge shell.

Thus, there is no need to violate the integrity of the outer shell of the PD with the introduction of the detonator capsule inside the shell. The detonator capsule is placed in the internal cavity formed in the process of filling the PD shell with explosive. Intended for filling emulsion explosives and HBV cartridges, sensitized by the method of chemical gas generation, they will not destroy the PD shell due to the overpressure that occurs during gas evolution during chemical gas generation. The pressure inside the PD shell will be relieved by increasing the volume of the PD while reducing the volume of the internal formed cavity.

Also excluded are reactions of explosives with destructible rocks and water. This eliminates the loss of susceptibility to detonation.

For the manufacture of such a cartridge with a detonator externally mounted in the shell body, a device is used (Fig. 3), which is a glass-shaped element 8 with a wall height not exceeding the length of the manufactured cartridge, in the bottom part 9 of which at least one through hole 10 is made and a tubular rod is fixed 11, directed towards the open end of this glass-like element and made at least not less than the height of the detonator. A through hole and a cavity in the rod are used to discharge air when a flexible shell is placed in a glass-like element and when the shell is removed from the device after dosing into it.

Using this device, a new method for manufacturing an explosive cartridge with a sealed detonator capsule input device can be implemented.

This method consists in sealing one of the ends of the tubular shell of polymer material, filling its cavity from the open end with an emulsion or water-gel industrial explosive, followed by sealing the open end, and then detonator is fixed. For the tubular sheath, a flexible polymeric material is used. Before filling the cavity of the tubular shell from a flexible material, the nozzle of the metering device is introduced into this shell from the side of the open end and the shell is placed from the side of its sealed end in a glass-like element with abutment of this end in a tubular rod fixed to the bottom of this element. And then the cavity of the tubular shell is filled with an emulsion or water-gel industrial explosive, in which the wall of the tubular shell of the tubular rod is grasped to form a recess pulled into the cavity of the shell for subsequent placement of the detonator in it.

Below are some practical aspects of the method. One end of the polymer sleeve is sealed with a clip or welding (Fig. 5). It turns out a sleeve blank. The open end of the sleeve blank is put on the fitting 12 of the metering device 13 (for example, a gear pump) (Fig. 6).

An internal cavity is formed - a recess 6 or a recess, pressing a tubular workpiece into the nozzle of the metering device by pressing the tubular rod 11 of the forming nozzle (device) (Figs. 8 and 9).

Turn on the metering device. The explosive mass fills the shell, and the internal cavity formed by the tubular rod is retained (Figs. 9 and 10).

Upon completion of dosing into the shell of a given amount of explosives, the operation of the dosing device is terminated.

The filled explosive shell is removed from the nozzle of the metering device (Fig. 11).

The remaining open end of the polymer sleeve is sealed (clipped or welded) (Fig. 12).

Remove from the cartridge the forming nozzle with the rod (Fig. 13 and 14). The tubular design of the rod 11, as well as the hole 10 in the bottom of the forming nozzle, balance the pressure inside the formed cavity with the atmospheric one, which facilitates the process of extracting PD from the forming nozzle.

The finished cartridge (Fig. 14) is used for storage and transportation and for installation in its recess 6 of the detonator capsule 1 in the manufacture of an intermediate detonator (PD).

The present invention is industrially applicable and can be used for the safe conduct of blasting in underground mines and mines, dangerous for the explosion of dust and gases.

Claims (3)

1. An explosive cartridge with a sealed detonator-capsule input device, which is a tubular shell made of polymer material with sealed ends, inside which an emulsion or water-gel industrial explosive is placed, as well as a detonator, characterized in that the tubular shell is flexible, with one sealed end in the body of the tubular shell is formed elongated along the shell of an elongated shape indentation to accommodate the detonator capsule, formed in capitation end portion of the tubular casing inside the shell. 2. A device for manufacturing an explosive cartridge with a sealed detonator-capsule input device, which is a glass-shaped element with a wall height of not more than the length of the cartridge, at least one through hole is made in the bottom of it and a tubular rod is fixed, directed toward the open end of this glass-like element and made not less than the length of the detonator capsule. 3. A method of manufacturing an explosive cartridge with a sealed detonator-capsule input device, which consists in sealing one of the ends of the tubular shell from a polymer material, filling its cavity from the open end with an emulsion or water-gel industrial explosive, followed by sealing the open end, and then securing the capsule a detonator, characterized in that a flexible polymer material is used for the tubular shell, while before filling the cavity of the tubular shell of flexible of the material into this shell from the side of the open end, the nozzle of the dosing device is introduced and the shell is placed from the side of its sealed end in a glass-like element with abutment of this end in the tubular rod fixed to the bottom of this element, and then the cavity of the tubular shell is filled with an emulsion or water-gel industrial explosive a substance in which the wall of the tubular shell of the tubular rod grasps to form a recess drawn into the cavity of the shell for subsequent dimensioning knocking in it a detonator capsule.

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