RU2588426C1 - Lock with multi-movable code elements - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to key locks: cylinder, disc, pin, etc. In transverse working channel (8) of cylinder mechanism core (2) there are three elongated drivers (12, 13, 36) and pair of toothed sectors (10, 38) with possibility of translational and rotary-and-forth motion respectively. Drivers (12, 13, 36) interact with control grooves of flat key introduced into core (2) keyhole (6) by reading cams. Toothed sector (10) performs code element function and equipped with off-round code hole (23), adjustable connected with driver (12) by means of axis (32) and coupled with driver rack bar (13) by teeth (14). Toothed sector (38) is designed to control clamp (20) turning, adjacent by plane to gear sector (10), engaged with driver rack bar (36) by teeth (37) and is mounted loosely with its central hole (39) on retainer (20) made elongated; latter is located in radial channel (18) released in channel (8), with possibility of first and second motions respectively, progressive motion and rotation in channel (18). Retainer (20) can also be installed, besides, rotary, on locking arm. Retainer (20) and central hole (39) meet code hole (23) by cross section. Introduced into keyhole (6) key draws drivers (12, 13, 36), and they draw code element (10) and toothed sector (38). Code element (10) performs turn-and-forth movement in directions (V1), and retainer (20), drawn by toothed sector (38) performs second movement: turning in direction (V2). If key is "right", retainer (20) and code hole (23) are in alignment to each other on three parameters, in longitudinal and transverse directions, as well as in turn, thereby retainer (20) acquires possibility of first movement inside core (2) and thus unblocks it.

EFFECT: increase of total stroke code of code element surface in all its possible motions relative to retainer having possibility of reading code element position and control over blocking of locking mechanism.

11 cl, 37 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to locking devices and can be used in key locks for various purposes.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The security mechanisms of key locks - cylinder, disk and level locks - are built on two types of moving parts - code elements and latches. The latch performs two functions - it controls the locking of the locking mechanism of the lock and reads the position of the code element / elements controlled by the key. The position of the code element (more precisely, its code surface) relative to the latch affects the mobility of the latter and, accordingly, the state of the locking mechanism is “locked-unlocked”. The security of such a secrecy mechanism from manipulation of opening (unlocking) is determined by its variational complexity, which is affected by the nature and degree of mobility of the code element, namely:

- its "multi-mobility" is the number of significant movements of the code element, i.e. its movements relative to the latch, affecting the mobility of the latter;

- the total course of the code surface of the code element in significant movements.

Most of the known secrecy mechanisms are based on single-moving code elements, which reduces the security of the secrecy mechanism from tampering, since it is known in what direction a separate code element should be moved to partially unlock the locking mechanism of the lock.

In [1], a mechanism with bi-movable code elements was proposed; it is a cylinder mechanism with pins, each of the two movements of which, translational movement and rotation, is significant, i.e. affects the mobility of the latch, which acts as the core of the cylinder mechanism. In this design, the directions of translational and rotational movements of the code element coincide; hereinafter, “direction of motion” means the direction of the translational and axis of the rotary motion.

The mechanism proposed in [2] and adopted as a prototype is already built on three-movable code elements, flat and placed in flat channels with the possibility of translational (in two directions) and rotary movements. Each of the three movements of the code element is also significant here, and the direction of the rotary movement is normal to the direction of translational.

A limitation of the designs [1, 2], due to the peculiarities of the interaction of the key with the code element, is the small stroke of the latter in rotation, not exceeding 20-30 ° in each direction. Accordingly, the total course of the code surface of the code element in all its movements relative to the latch is small.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to increase the security of the lock from manipulation.

The technical result that allows to solve this problem: increasing the total course of the code surface of the code element relative to the latch.

To obtain the above technical result, the present invention proposed two solutions, reflected in the independent claims:

- the use of a gear mechanism for communicating a code element with a key (p. 1);

- the use of multi-movable ("floating") latch (p. 9).

According to the first option (p. 1), the problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a lock containing at least one code element, driven by a key and controlling the locking of the locking mechanism, in contrast to the prototype, the code element interacts with the key by at least a gear mechanism.

A feature distinguishing from the closest analogue is that the code element interacts with the key through at least a gear mechanism.

According to the second option (p. 9), the problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the lock containing at least one movable code element associated with the key, a latch having the possibility of the first movement with the possibility of interaction with the code element and control by locking the locking mechanism, in contrast to the prototype, the latch has the possibility of an additional second movement and interaction with the key.

Signs that distinguish from the closest analogue are:

- the latch has the possibility of an additional second movement;

- the latch has the ability to interact with the key.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is further explained in the description of the schematically presented structures of the three types of locks and their drawings, and shown:

- in FIG. 1-17 - cylinder lock (three modifications);

- in FIG. 18 - disk lock;

- in FIG. 19-37 - level lock (three modifications).

DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURES

Cylinder lock

Modification 1 - with gear and single-locking latch

Here and below, the sub-headings “with gear” indicate the relationship of the key with the code element.

The design shown in FIG. 1-8, resembles a cylinder mechanism proposed in [3]. A rotary cylindrical core 2 (Fig. 1, 5, 6) is installed in the housing 1 (Fig. 6) of the lock, which controls a locking mechanism (not shown). The core 2 is provided with a longitudinally (axially) oriented keyhole 6 for receiving a flat key and at least one transversely oriented working channel 8, in which there are three movable elements - code element 10 (Fig. 1, 2, 5) and a pair of leads 12, 13, and according to claim 3, the code element is made in the form of a gear (gear), and the leads are in the form of gear racks (Fig. 4), coupled by means of at least two teeth 14 to the code element 10 (Fig. 1, 2) . The leads 12, 13 occupy the transversely oriented grooves 16 (Fig. 1, 6) in the working channel 8, communicating with the keyhole 6.

Note that:

- p. 5 leads 12, 13 (Fig. 1, 5) have the possibility of translational, and the code element 10 - rotary-translational motion in the working channel 8 (Fig. 1, 5, 6);

- according to claim 7, the direction of the rotational movement of the code element 10 is normal to the direction of translation.

The working channel 8 communicates with the outer vicinity of the core 2 by means of a radially oriented channel 18, in which there is a movable latch 20, having the form of a pin and designed to block the core 2. With a squeezing spring (not shown), the latch 20 is pressed away from the code element 10 outside the core 2.

Each of the leashes (Figs. 1, 2, 4) has at least one readout cam 22 protruding inside the keyhole 6 (Fig. 1) and designed for the leash to interact with the key control groove (not shown).

Thus, according to claim 2, the key interacts with the code element through a pair of parallel acting chains of mechanisms, each of which is formed by cam (leash) and gear mechanisms connected in series.

In the code element 10 (Fig. 1, 5, 6) there is a code hole 23, its cross-section, round or shaped, corresponding to the channel 18 and the latch 20.

Functioning

In the initial state of the castle:

- the key into the keyhole 6 (Fig. 6) is not entered;

- relative to the housing 1, the core 2 occupies a position in which the latch 20 with the squeeze spring is pushed with its toe into the locking recess 24 in the housing 1 having beveled faces;

- leads 12, 13 (Fig. 1) occupy an arbitrary position in the grooves 16, so that the code hole 23 (Fig. 1, 5, 6) in the code element 10 is generally not aligned with the channel 18 in any of the two parameters , namely in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Thus, the code element 10 prevents the first movement of the latch 20, more precisely, its movement along the channel 18 inside the core 2, as a result of which the rotation of the core 2 relative to the housing 1 (Fig. 6) is blocked; thereby locking and locking mechanism of the lock controlled by the core 2 is also blocked.

To control the lock in the keyhole 6 (Fig. 1, 5, 6) enter the key. The control groove / key grooves acts on the reading cams 22 (Fig. 1) of the leads 12, 13, causing the latter to move (Fig. 1, 5). Carried by leashes 12, 13, the code element 10 also moves. The directions of its translational movement and rotation are shown by arrows V1 (Fig. 5). Note that the code element 10 relative to the latch 20 is bi-movable.

If the key used is “correct”, the leads 12, 13, and with them the code element 10, are moved to the position where the code hole 23 (Fig. 7, 8) is aligned with the channel 18 in two parameters, namely, in the longitudinal and in the transverse directions (and, at the same time, in orientation), and with a further turn of the key, the blocking recess 24 (Fig. 8) of the housing 1 displaces the latch 20 into the code hole 23, so that the blocking of the core 2, and with it the locking mechanism, disappears.

If the key used is “wrong”, the code hole 23 is not aligned with the channel 18, the core 2, and with it the locking mechanism, remain blocked and the rotation of the core 2 is impossible.

Then, with the correct key, the required number of revolutions of the core 2 is made, the toe of the latch 20 is pushed out of the channel 18 into the blocking recess 24 in the housing 1 under the action of the squeezing spring, and the key is removed from the keyhole 6. When the key is removed, its control groove again leads to the indefinite position of the leads 12, 13 (Fig. 5), and with them the code element 10. The code hole 23 comes out of alignment with the channel 18 and the core 2, and with it the locking mechanism, return to a locked state.

According to p. 8, in order to eliminate the backlash between the code element 10 and the leads 12, 13, one of the leads can, for example, be installed with a small side play selected by the spring tab 25, which draws this lead to the side of the other lead; side play and preload direction are indicated by arrow V.

Comments

1. The key, like the code element 10, can be equipped with teeth and, according to claim 2, interact directly with the teeth of the code element.

2. The gear transmission according to claim 2 can participate in the interaction of the key with the code element not at all, but at a separate stage / stages of this interaction, replacing another mechanism or giving it control.

3. One or more latches 20 (Fig. 6) can be mounted on a common longitudinal locking bar 26 (Fig. 13), which takes up the blocking force of the core and occupies a recess 18 (Fig. 6), having the form of a longitudinal groove. The strap 26 (Fig. 13) can also be used not together, but instead of the latch (s) 20 for the code hole, having the form of a groove 27 (Fig. 7). In the latter case, for greater sensitivity of the mechanism, it is advisable that the groove 27, as well as the reciprocal longitudinal section of the bar 26 (Fig. 13), be indirect (curly). For example, the groove 27 (Fig. 7) may have a narrowing (expansion) 28, and the bar 26 (Fig. 13) - the corresponding narrowing (expansion) 31.

4. For a longer turn of the code element in the turn (and a more compact arrangement of leads), one of the leads according to claim 4 can be rigidly connected to the code element (and serve as a hinge for it). So in FIG. 3, the leash 12, having the shape of a pin, is rigidly mounted in the center of the code element 10. We also note another measure that allows increasing the stroke of the code element 10 in rotation - the approach of its teeth 14 to the center (shown in the figure).

Modification 2 - with gear and progressive two-movable lock

The design shown in FIG. 9-13, differs from the one discussed above in that, according to claim 9, the latch is bi-movable, more precisely, it has the possibility of an additional second movement, according to claim 10, translational, moreover, according to claim 11, it is connected by a gear mechanism. We add that the latch and, accordingly, the code hole must have a non-circular cross section.

Due to the fact that in this design the latch is bi-movable, the code element has acquired "tri-mobility" (relative to the latch).

The locking plate 26 (Fig. 9, 10, 13), with one or more latches 20 mounted on it, is located in a common longitudinal groove 18 (Fig. 9, 10) in the core 2 with the possibility of translational movement inward of the groove 18 (first movement of the clamp 20) and along it (the second movement of the latch 20); the locking plate 26 is provided with teeth 34 (Fig. 9), by means of which it is engaged with a gear 35 mounted rotatably in the core 2. The gear 35, in turn, is engaged with a third drive 36 mounted in the core 2 in the working channel 8 or in a separate transverse channel. The leash 36 has the same construction and means of interacting with the key as the leashes 12, 13.

Under the toe of the locking plate 26 (Fig. 10) in the housing 1 is provided with a longitudinal locking groove 24.

Functioning

In the initial state of the lock, the locking plate 26 with the latch (s) 20 squeezing spring (not shown) is pushed with its toe from the groove 18 into the locking groove 24 in the housing 1; the key is not inserted into the keyhole 6 and the leads 12, 13, 36 (Fig. 9) are randomly located in the core 2, so that the code element 10 (Fig. 9, 10) in the channel 8 and the locking plate 26 in the groove 18 in the General case occupy a position in which the code hole 23 in the code element 10 is not aligned with the latch 20 in three parameters - in the longitudinal and transverse directions, as well as in orientation (in rotation). As a result, core 2 is blocked.

When the key is inserted into the keyhole 6, the leads 12, 13, 36 (Fig. 9) move in the channel 8 according to the shape of the control groove / key grooves. Code element 10, carried away by leads 12, 13, carries out rotary-translational motion in channel 8 (shown by arrows V1). At the same time, a locking bar 26 moves along the groove 18 (along arrow V2), carried away by the leash 36 by means of the gear 35; while the toe of the locking bar 26 (Fig. 10) slides along the locking groove 24 in the housing 1. The latch 20, moving with the locking bar 26 in the longitudinal direction, makes its second movement according to claim 9.

As a result, the leashes 12, 13, 36 (Fig. 9), the code element 10 and the latch 20 are moved to a new position (Fig. 11).

If the key entered into the lock is correct, the code hole 23 (Fig. 11, 12) in the code element 10 comes in combination with the latch 20 according to the three parameters mentioned above and the latch 20 acquires the possibility of the first movement - inside the core 2. Thus, blocking the last disappears.

If the key is incorrect and the combination of the code hole 23 with the latch 20 is absent in any of the three parameters, the first movement of the latch 20 (inside the core 2) remains blocked, as does the core 2.

In subsequent steps, the lock functions similarly to that described above.

Comments

For the code hole 23 (Fig. 9), having the form of a groove 27 (Fig. 7), the bar 26 (Fig. 9) should not be used together with the latches 20, but instead. In this case, for the significance of the second (longitudinal) movement of the bar 26, the groove 27 (Fig. 7) must be indirect (curly), for example, it can have a constriction 28, and the bar 26 (Fig. 11, 13) must have a narrowing 31. Add that in the considered mechanism, the gear 10 (Fig. 9) of the code element may be absent and the bar 26 interact directly with each of the leads 12, 13 (see [3]), as with two-moving code elements relative to the bar 26. We also note that the bar 26 may be connected to the third leash 36 not with a gear, but with a different, say, cam or lever mechanism.

Modification 3 - with gear and rotary two-movable lock

Functionally, this mechanism (Figs. 14-17) differs from the one discussed above in that the second latch movement is rotary according to claim 10, and is structurally closest to the first of the mechanisms discussed above, shown in Figs. 1-8. The differences are as follows:

- the leash 12 (Fig. 14, 16) according to claim 4 is connected with the code element 10 pivotally - its peg 32 occupies a central hole in the code element 10, due to which the latter has the ability to rotate relative to the lead 12;

- in the working channel, in addition to the code element 10 and the leads 12, 13, there are a couple more parts - the third lead 36 and the control gear 38 engaged with the teeth 37; the latter is adjacent to the code element 10 and mounted loosely by its central hole 39 on the latch 20, as on the axis - with the possibility of sliding along it;

- the latch 20 has the possibility of two movements: the first, translational (shown in Fig. 14 arrow V) movement in the channel 18 and in the Central hole 39, as well as the second, rotary (shown by arrow V2) movement in the channel 18. For the feasibility of the second movement of the channel 18 and the portion (tip) 40 (FIG. 14) located therein, of the latch 20 have a circular cross section, while the latch 20 is shaped, corresponding to the cross section of the central hole 39 (FIG. 14, 16) and the code hole 23.

We also add that the teeth 14 (37) form a gear sector under the assumption that the rotation of the code element 10 (control gear 38) is limited.

Functioning

When a key (not shown) is inserted into the keyhole 6 (Fig. 16), the movement of the leads 12, 13 is accompanied by a rotary-linear movement (shown by arrows V1) of the code element 10 in the working channel 8, and the movement of the third lead 36 (Fig. 14, 16 ) - by rotation (shown by arrow V2) of the control gear 38 around the latch 20, as an axis. The control gear 38, making a rotation, acts with its shaped hole 39 on the latch 20 and engages the latter in the second movement - rotation in the channel 18 of the housing 2.

If the key is correct, the latch 20 and the code hole 23 come into alignment with each other in three parameters — in the longitudinal and transverse directions, as well as in the orientation (rotation) —fig. 17. Thus, the latch 20 acquires the possibility of the first movement in the channel 18 (Fig. 14, 17), namely, inside the core 2. With the rotation of the key, the lock body acts on the tip of the latch 20, that moves along the channel 18 inside the core 2, and the latch 20 through the hole 39, into the code hole 23, thereby preventing rotation of the core 2.

If the key is wrong and the position of, say, the third lead 36 (Fig. 14, 16) is not proper, the latch 20 and the code hole 23 do not come in alignment with one another in orientation (in rotation), so that the code element 10 prevents moving the latch 20 into the code hole 23, so that the core 2 remains blocked.

Comments

1. It is advisable to provide the considered mechanism with a blocker - an additional element that assumes the blocking force of the core 2 and is controlled by the latch / latches 20. The role of the blocker in this mechanism can be played by a locking bar 26 (Fig. 13, 15) with tides 42 in which they are rotatably mounted lugs 20 with their tips (rotation is indicated by arrow V). We add that the strip 26 occupies a common longitudinal groove 18 (Fig. 15) in the core 2, and with the possibility of a single (first) movement in the radial direction.

To eliminate the radial force from the side of the housing 1 to the bar 26 (and, accordingly, to the clamps 20), one of the alternative solutions can be applied, for example, proposed in [4] or [2].

2. The considered mechanism is compact and, accordingly, has a high density of arrangement of leads 12, 13, 36 (Fig. 14). For independence of their provisions, it is advisable to alternate the connection of leashes with various key control elements, for example, with several information grooves on the wide side of the key through the central cams 22 (Fig. 4) and / or with milling on its narrow sides through the end cams 44.

3. The leash 36 (Fig. 16) is able to control a pair of latches 20, if it is equipped with two gear racks, coupled with the gear sectors 38, located to the right and left of it. Such a mechanism is characterized by a shorter core length 2 and operates on the principle of "3 + 2".

Disc lock

The disks 46 (Fig. 18) of the lock are assembled in a package and pairwise coupled by the teeth 14 at their periphery with separate code elements 10 made in the form of bevel gears. Each code element 10 is located in the annular recesses 47 of the pair of disks 46. The latch 20 interacts with the code element 10, moving along the arrow V.

Thus, the disks 46 according to claim 6 play the role of pivotally mounted leashes for the code element 10 coupled to them; the latter is bi-movable, namely, it has the ability to perform a rotary-rotational movement, more precisely, two rotational mutually normal movements - around a longitudinal axis (axis of rotation of disks 46) and a transverse axis (proper axis of code element 10). These axes intersect, so that the code element 10 according to claim 6 has the ability to rotate around the center. Thus, the surfaces forming the annular recesses 47 in the disks 46 are spherical and concentric, with a code element 10 enclosed between them, which is a segmented spherical shell in shape.

Said rotational movements of the code element 10 are shown by arrows V1 and V2, respectively.

Functioning

In the initial state of the mechanism, the key is not inserted into the lock and the disks 46 are arbitrarily (within the limits specified by the design) rotated around the longitudinal axis. Accordingly, the code element 10 is arbitrarily located, more precisely, rotated around the longitudinal and transverse axes.

To control the lock, a key (not shown) is introduced into the central shaped hole 48 in the disks 46 and rotated, the latter carries the disks 46 into rotation. Accordingly, it rotates around two axes - longitudinal and transverse - and code element 10.

If the key is correct, the code hole of the code element 10 comes in combination with the latch 20, and the lock - in the unlocked state. If the wrong key is entered into the lock, the code hole of the code element 10 does not come in combination with the latch 20 and the lock remains locked.

Comments

For a greater stroke of the pair of discs 46, the latter can be coupled to several code elements 10 arranged in a chain, like rollers in a bearing.

Level castle

Modification 1 - with a two-movable lock

In the padlock shown in FIG. 19-24, in the housing 1 (Fig. 19, 20) there is a bolt plate 49 and a bolt 50 mounted on it, forming a locking mechanism. The bolt 50 is located in the window 51 of the housing 1, and the bolt plate 49 with its elongated hole 52 (Fig. 20) has the ability to move along the support 54 installed in the housing 1.

The castle has a pair of suvald. Suvaldah 56 (Fig. 24) is equipped with a channel 18 under the latch. Suvaldah 60 acts as a code element - it is equipped with a code hole 23, in cross section corresponding to channel 18 of the suvaldah 56. For clarity, the said section is shown rectangular.

Suvald 56, a pair of its elongated holes 62 is installed in the supports 54, 64 (Fig. 20) in the housing 1 and thereby has the possibility of translational motion in the direction normal to the direction in which the bolt plate 49 is movable. Suvald 60 is mounted pivotally on its support 64 with hole 65 (FIG. 24).

The latch 20 (Fig. 19, 20) is located in the channel 18 in the leopard 56, so that according to claim 9 it has the possibility of two movements, according to claim 10 - translational: the first movement, in the channel 18, and the second movement, made together with the levers 56; by means of the latter, the latch 20 according to claim 9 is connected with the key 66 (Fig. 20). Note that the suvald 60 performs the function of a bi-movable (relative to the latch 20) code element.

A lock 68 is installed on the crossbar plate 49 (Fig. 19) - a plate with blocking grooves 24, 70 under the toe of the latch 20. The grooves 24, 70 are made with beveled edges, oriented in the direction of movement of the levers 56 (Fig. 20) and are designed to block the crossbar plate 49 in two positions - when the bolt 50 is retracted and extended from the housing 1, respectively.

Spring petal 72 both levers are pressed towards the beard 74 of the key 66.

Functioning

The castle operates as follows.

In the initial state of the mechanism:

- crossbar plate 49 (Fig. 20) occupies a position (in the figure - right), in which the crossbar 50 is pushed into the housing 1;

- spring petal 72 levers 56, 60 are shifted towards the beard 74 of the key 66;

- the latch 20 (Fig. 19, 20) is located opposite the locking groove 24 and the force of the spring (not shown) is pushed into it with his toe;

- the code hole 23 in the gauge 60 is not aligned with the guide channel 18 of the gauge 56; thereby, the leveler 60 prevents the latch 20 from moving in the channel 18, and the latch 20, in turn, prevents the bolt plate 49 from moving. Thus, the locking mechanism is blocked.

To control the lock, the key 66 (Fig. 20) is turned. The elements of the beard 74 of the key 66 act on the levers 56, 60 and set them in motion, overcoming the action of the spring lobe 72. The levers 56 progressively move in the supports 54, 64, and the latch 20 also moves with it (Fig. 19, 20), while the toe slides along the blocking groove 24; at the same time, the levers 60 with the code hole 23 are rotated in the support 64 (Fig. 20).

If the key 66 is correct, the levers 56, 60 move to the position (Fig. 21), in which the code hole 23 in the levers 60 is aligned with the channel 18 of the levers 56 and the corresponding element of the beard 74 entered the key cut 76 in the bolt plate 49, intended for interactions with a goatee 74 key 66.

With further rotation of the key 66, its beard 74 engages the bolt plate 49 in motion, the locking groove 24 (Fig. 19) displaces the latch 20 along the channel 18 (Fig. 22, 23) of the levers 56 into the code hole 23 of the levers 60. Thus, the locking mechanism is released and with further rotation of the key 66 (Fig. 23), the bolt plate 49 moves, and the bolt 50 extends from the housing 1.

If the key 66 is incorrect, when it is rotated, the combination of the code hole 23 (Fig. 19, 20) with the channel 18 does not occur and the bolt plate 49 remains locked by the latch 20, preventing the subsequent rotation of the key.

With further rotation of the correct key 66, the bolt plate 49 (Fig. 22, 23) with the bolt 50 moves further, the latch 20 loaded with a compression spring is pulled out of the channel 18 into the second blocking groove 70, the elements of the beard 74 (Fig. 23) come out of interaction with levers 56, 60 and the latter under the force of the spring tab 72 return to their original position (Fig. 20), while the coincidence of the code hole 23 with the channel 18 disappears and the locking mechanism reverts to the locked state. Next, the rotated key 66 from the housing 1 is removed.

To return the lock to its original state, insert the key into the housing 1 and turn it in the opposite direction. In this case, the movement of the parts of the lock occurs similarly to that described above, but with the movement of the crossbar and the crossbar in the opposite direction.

Comments

1. For the stable operation of the latch 20 (Fig. 19), its first movement according to claim 10 can be pivoting, for example, the latch 20 can be mounted on the pivot arm 78 (Fig. 24), occupying the cutout 80 of the lever 56. The second end of the lever 78 equipped with an earring 82, occupying the notch 84 in the levers 56 and performing the function of a rotary node. The direction of rotation of the lever 78 around the earring 82 is shown by an arrow.

2. The lock may include two or more pairs of levers of the type discussed above, interacting with the lock of the bolt plate through the cutouts in the levers of another pair.

Modification 2 - with gear

In the lock shown in FIG. 25-30, a pair of levers perform the function of a pair of leashes, each of which according to claim 3 is connected by a gear with a code element (in FIG. 27, 30 one of the levers is shown).

Note the differences between this design and that shown in FIG. 19-24:

1. The levers 56 (Fig. 25-27) are identical in shape and are mounted with the possibility of translational movement with their elongated holes 62 (Fig. 27) in the supports 54, 64. The levers are equipped with windows 86 (Figs. 26, 27), the opposing edges of which equipped with gear racks 88, 90. The latter in cross section are made L-shaped (Fig. 26), so that their teeth occupy the depth of the common window 86 of both levers. In the common window 86, between the rails 90, 92, the gear of the code element 10 is installed and interlocked with them (Figs. 25-27), the thickness of which is twice the thickness of an individual leveler. According to claim 7, the code element 10 has the possibility of translational (in the level of suvald) movement, as well as normal rotary movement to it.

2. The latch 20 (Fig. 25) is not bi-movable - it is installed in the channel 18 (Fig. 25, 29) of the plate 92, which is rigidly fixed by a pair of its holes 94 (Fig. 29) in the supports 54, 64 (Fig. 27).

Functioning

In the absence of a key in the lock, both levers are pressed with a spring tab 72 towards the beard 74 of the key 66. The rails 88, 90 are located one relative to the other so that the code hole 23 (Fig. 25, 27) of the code element 10 connected to them does not coincide with the channel 18 and the locking mechanism is locked. When the key 66 is rotated (Fig. 27), the elements of its beard 74 move the levers 56 in the supports 54, 64. The rails 88, 90 on the levers 56, according to claim 5, translationally moving, cause the code element 10 to rotate and translate (Fig. 30 )

If the key is correct, the code hole 23 of the element 10 comes into alignment with the channel 18 (Fig. 28, 30) and the blocking of the locking mechanism disappears. Further, the beard 74 engages the bolt plate 49 with the bolt 50 in motion. In the subsequent steps of controlling the lock, the latter functions as described above.

Modification 3 - with gear and dual-slide lock

In the mechanism of FIG. 31-37, the code element has "three-mobility" (relative to the latch) due to the fact that both of the above-mentioned means are used in the design, namely the two-movable latch and the two-movable (relative to the housing) code element.

We note the main differences between this mechanism and the one discussed above: - a pair of levers 60 (Fig. 37), with gear racks 88, 90 in the windows 86, is mounted rotary - with an opening 65 on the support 64 (Fig. 33); accordingly, the rails 88, 90 (Fig. 37) are made arcuate (and concentric). Thus, in this design, the leashes are installed according to claim 6 with the possibility of pivoting, and the code element 10 - pivoting-pivoting movement, namely, rotation around two parallel axes - its own axis and the axis of rotation of the suvald 60;

- the latch 20 (Fig. 31, 33) is located in the channel 18 on the third, installed progressively levers 56.

For exclusion according to claim 8, the play in the gear formed by the racks 88, 90 (Fig. 37) and the code element 10, the hole 96 in one of the levers 60 can be elongated and this levers are pressed by the spring 98 (Fig. 35) in the direction along the hole 96 (Fig. 37).

In this design, the lock 68 (Fig. 31) is movable: it is mounted pivotally in the cutout of the bolt plate 49 with the possibility of engagement with the wall of the housing 1. For this, the free end of the lock 68 is provided with a hook 102 designed to interact with a pair of fixing windows 104, 106 the housing 1, designed to fix the bolt plate 49 in the position corresponding to the bolt 50, retracted and extended from the housing 1. Windows 104, 106 correspond to the locking grooves 24, 70 in the lock 68 under the toe of the lock 20. The lock 68 is pressed towards the lock 20 (preload tool not shown).

Functioning

In the absence of a key in the lock, all three levers (Fig. 33) are displaced by the force of the spring tab 72 towards the beard 74 of the key 66, the gear racks (not shown) are located one relative to the other so that the code hole 23 (Fig. 31, 33) is engaged with them, the code element 10 does not coincide with the channel 18 in the leveler 56, and the locking mechanism is blocked.

When turning the key 66 inserted into the lock (Fig. 33), the elements of its beard 74 rotate each of the pair of levers 60 and move the levers 56 with the lock 20 (Figs. 31, 33). The latter slides with its toe along the blocking groove 24 in the blocker 68 (Fig. 31).

When turning the suvald 60 (Fig. 33), the rails on them lead the code element 10 into a rotary-translational motion (along an arc).

If the key 66 is correct, the code hole 23 of the element 10 comes into alignment with the channel 18 (Fig. 33) of the levers 56 and the blocking of the locking mechanism disappears. Next, the beard 74 of the key 66 engages the bolt plate 49 with the bolt 50 (Fig. 32, 34); with the crossbar plate 49, the blocker 68 (Fig. 32) also moves without making its turn. The locking groove 24 of the lock 68 displaces the latch 20 into the channel 18 in the suvald 56 and then into the code hole 23 of the code element 10. Upon further movement of the bolt plate 49, the latch 20 extends into the block groove 70, fixing the bolt plate 49 with the bolt 50 extended.

In subsequent stages, the lock functions as described above.

If the key is incorrect, when it is rotated, the code hole 23 (Fig. 36) of the element 10 does not come in combination with the channel 18 in the leveler 56. The latch 20 does not slide into the channel 18 and acts with its toe on the side face of the blocking groove 24 of the lock 68, carried away bolt plate 49, and, overcoming the clamp clamp 68, squeezes it to the wall of the housing 1, so that the hook 102 on the lock 68 enters the locking window 104 in the wall of the housing 1 and prevents further movement of the bolt plate 49. Thus, the control of the locking mechanism of the lock after stvom blocked the wrong key.

Comments

The lock 68, leaving the control functions behind the lock 20, takes on external forces transmitted to the lock mechanism by the key and bolt; these efforts could lead to deformation and the development of delicate parts of the lock, forming a secrecy mechanism - a latch 20, a channel 18 and a code hole 23. The lock 68 provides reliable locking of the bolt plate 49 due to the fact that the interacting faces of the hook 102 and the window 104 are not made beveled.

FINDINGS

1. In the constructions discussed above, the first and second movements of the lock are mutually normal. Compliance with this condition eliminates the influence of the second movement of the latch on the control of the latch by locking the locking mechanism.

2. The structural solutions proposed above, if necessary, can be combined in one mechanism with traditional solutions.

3. Application in the lock mechanism:

- gear transmission (tested and living nature - see [5]) for communication of the code element with the key increases the course of the code element in rotation; for example, for the cylinder lock mechanism discussed above, this stroke can be, say, 180 °;

- bi-movable latch increases the multi-mobility of the code element (relative to the latch).

Both this and other effects lead to an increase in the total course of the code surface of the code element relative to the latch, i.e. obtaining a technical result claimed in the present invention. This ensures greater security of the lock from manipulation.

LINKS

1. Pat. US 4,635,455.

2. Pat. RU 2537817.

3. Pat. US 4,977,767.

4. Pat. EP 0811737.

5. lenta.ru/news/2013/09/13/gearsofbugs/

Claims (11)

1. A key lock containing at least one code element (10) and a latch (20), in the first movement having the ability to read the position of the code element and control the locking of the locking mechanism, characterized in that the key controls the position of the code element through at least a gear mechanism. 2. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the key controls the position of the code element through one or more mechanisms operating in a chain and / or in parallel, simultaneously or at different stages, with at least one of these mechanisms being a toothed one. 3. A lock according to claim 2, characterized in that the key controls the position of the code element (10) by means of a pair of leads (12, 13), at least one of which (13) is provided with a toothed portion by means of which it is engaged with the code element ( 10) like a gear wheel. 4. The lock according to claim 3, characterized in that one of the leads (12) is connected to the code element (10) rotary or rigidly. 5. The lock according to claim 3, characterized in that the leashes (12, 13) are mounted with the possibility of translational, and the code element (10) - rotary-translational motion. 6. The lock according to claim 3, characterized in that the leashes are rotatably mounted, and the code element has a rotary-rotary movement, namely, rotation around two axes, in particular around the center. 7. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the code element (10) has the ability to translate and rotate around an axis normal to the direction of this movement. 8. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements of the gear mechanism interlocked by the teeth are pressed against each other to prevent play between them. 9. A key lock containing at least one code element (10) and a latch (20), in the first movement having the ability to read the position of the code element (10) and control the locking of the locking mechanism, characterized in that the latch (20) has the possibility of additional second key-driven movement. 10. The lock according to claim 9, characterized in that the first / second movement of the latch (20) is translational / rotary. 11. The lock according to claim 9, characterized in that the key controls the second movement of the latch (20) through at least a gear mechanism.

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