RU2588199C2 - Process line for production of emulsion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting operations.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of water-resistant emulsion explosive substances. Process line for production of emulsion contains in-series connected units with weight measurement device, cranes, elastic compensators, filters, pumps, flow-through electric heaters. Dissolving apparatus with weight measurement device is connected to dispenser and valves for water supply, and through elastic compensator, pump and filters with flow electric heater. Valves for water supply are connected via screw pump, check valve, homogeniser pump and three-way valve with finished emulsion accumulator bin and device equipped with frame mixer and weight measurement device. At least one barrel of emulsifier with barrel pump via flexible hose is connected with device with propeller mixer and weight measurement device, which through elastic compensator, pump, flow electric heater, check valve and screw pump is connected with device equipped with frame mixer.

EFFECT: due to application of cyclic emulsification technology decreased irreparable rejects of emulsion.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of mechanized manufacture of waterproof emulsion explosives (EVE). In particular, the technology of manufacturing reverse water-oil emulsions used as raw materials (semi-finished products) in the manufacture of water-based explosive substances is considered.

State of the art

A known production line for the production of emulsions (RU 137551 U1, publ. 02.20.2014), comprising a unit for preparing a fuel mixture and an unit for preparing an oxidizer solution, including a container with a device for heating steam of contents in its internal cavity, a device for supplying an initial oxidant product to this a tank, a device for supplying water to this tank, a weighing device for this tank to control its filling with the initial oxidant product and water, the capacity of the oxidizer solution preparation unit is communicated through regulation a removable locking device with a line containing a filter and a pump, the outlet of which through an adjustable pipe tee is in communication with a heat exchanger having a line for returning the oxidizer solution to the tank of this unit, and a separate pipe with a tank for storing the oxidizer solution, equipped with a device for heating the vapor in its internal cavity and a device for weighing this tank to control its filling with an oxidizing solution, through an adjustable locking device, a separate pipeline is connected to the device m pre-mixing the oxidizer solution with the fuel mixture, at the inlet of which there is a tee, connected through an adjustable locking device with a container for storing the oxidizer solution, the fuel mixture preparation unit contains a tank with a heat exchange device for heating or cooling the medium inside the tank, a device for supplying the initial fuel product mixtures into this tank, a device for mixing the medium inside the tank and a weight measuring device for controlling the mass of the medium in the tank, while the bone is equipped with a lockable inlet for emulsifier supply and an outlet communicated through a filter and a pump with a separate heat exchanger, the outlet of which is communicated with a device for pre-mixing the oxidizer solution with the fuel mixture, the outlet of which is communicated with the pump for dispensing the finished product in the form of an emulsion and through an adjustable locking device with a line returning the fuel mixture to the capacity of the fuel mixture preparation unit

The disadvantage of this closest analogue is the flow technological scheme of emulsification and, as a result, the receipt of a large number of unrecoverable rejects of the emulsion in the flow emulsification apparatus during uncoordinated operation of metering pumps of a hot solution of an oxidizing agent (HR) and a fuel mixture (TC).

Disclosure of invention

The technical result is to reduce the incorrigible marriage of the emulsion. The specified result is achieved through the use of a cyclic emulsification flow chart, since the emulsion is initially formed (tied) in excess of the TS, which guarantees the fundamental receipt of the emulsion.

According to the invention, the emulsion production line comprises sequentially connected dissolution apparatus with a weight measuring device, an eighth tap, a first elastic compensator, a first filter, a ninth tap, a first pump, a tenth tap, a second filter, an eleventh tap, a first fitting with a tap, a first flow heater, the third valve, the second elastic compensator, and the dissolution apparatus with the weighing device is connected to the metering device, and the third valve and the first flowing electron the heater is communicated with the first and second water supply valves, which are connected in series with the first screw pump, with a drain valve configured to completely flush the first screw pump from the remnants of the hot oxidizer solution, and the first non-return valve configured to prevent the fuel mixture from flowing into the pipeline supply of a hot oxidizer solution, a homogenizer pump configured to operate at high speeds, and at the inlet and outlet of the homogenizer pump we have a third and fourth elastic compensator, a second fitting with a crane, a three-way crane, a storage tank for the finished emulsion, a seventh crane, a second screw pump, and the three-way crane is additionally connected in series with the fifth elastic compensator, an apparatus equipped with a frame stirrer and a weighing device, and a fourth crane , the sixth elastic compensator, the sixth tap, the third screw pump, the second non-return valve, the third elastic compensator of the homogenizer pump, and the sixth elastic comp The sensor is additionally connected in series with the fifth valve and the third elastic compensator of the homogenizer pump, the second non-return valve being able to prevent the hot oxidizer solution from flowing into the fuel mixture supply line and in series with the second flow-through electric heater, the second pump, at the inlet and outlet of which the twelfth crane and thirteenth crane, the seventh elastic compensator, apparatus with a weight measuring device and a propeller stirrer, and pipe d and the output from the apparatus with a weighing device and a propeller mixer are arranged through a flexible sleeve and a seventh elastic compensator, and the flexible sleeve is connected to at least one emulsifier barrel with a barrel pump.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1, which shows a cyclic emulsification flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the claimed invention.

The implementation of the invention

The entire production line for the production of emulsions can be made in one block or common housing.

The following is a particular example of a cyclic emulsification process.

At the beginning of the process, all valves are closed (Fig. 1).

Prepare a hot oxidizer solution (GDO), for which, by opening the taps 1, 2, 3, water is dosed into the dissolution apparatus 4, controlling its quantity by the weight measuring device 5. For the weight measuring device 5 to work correctly, the pipe inlet and outlet from the device 4 are organized through the first and the second elastic compensators 6 and 7.

After dosing the calculated amount of water, close taps 1 and 2. Open the taps 8, 9, 10, 11. Turn on the first pump 12, ensuring the circulation of water in the apparatus 4 through the bubbler device 13. Turn on the first flow-through electric heater 14 and heat the circulating water.

Granulated ammonium nitrate is unpacked into the receiving hopper of the metering device 15, from where its calculated amount is dosed into the dissolution apparatus 4. The amount of ammonium nitrate loaded is controlled by the weighing device 5. After dosing the calculated amount of ammonium nitrate, the supply of granular ammonium nitrate from the device 15 is stopped, turning off the power to the electric drive feed screw 16.

Ammonium nitrate granules, metered into the dissolution apparatus 4, are in a state of the so-called pseudo-boiling layer: when the gravity of the ammonium nitrate granules is balanced by the hydrodynamic fluid flow coming from the bubbler device 13. The liquid flowing in this state of ammonium nitrate granules, which is a solution of ammonium nitrate in water, having an elevated temperature due to the heat obtained in the first flow-through electric heater 14, causes the dissolution of ammonium nitrate from granules and Passing a solution of ammonium nitrate. The heat received by the liquid in a flowing electric heater is spent on the dissolution of ammonium nitrate, which occurs with the absorption of heat.

In the process of circulating liquid from the apparatus 4 through the valve 8, the first elastic compensator 7, the first filter 17 (for example, mesh, cassette type) valve 9, to the input of the first pump 12, through the output of the first pump 12 to the valve 10, the second filter 18 (for example (mesh, cassette type), tap 11, through the first flow-through electric heater 14, tap 3, the second elastic compensator 6 at the input of the bubbler device 13 of apparatus 4, it is purified from mechanical impurities.

Moreover, the first filter 17 captures coarse mechanical impurities (for example, with a conditional particle diameter of more than 1 mm). And the second filter 18 captures small mechanical impurities (for example, with a conditional particle diameter of less than 1 mm).

The process in the apparatus 4 is carried out until the complete dissolution of ammonium nitrate. The completeness of the dissolution is determined visually, by the absence of traces of granular ammonium nitrate in 4 samples of the gas distribution apparatus, as well as by instrumentally controlled indicators “density”, “temperature of the beginning of the cloudiness of the solution” and the pH value in 4 samples of the gas distribution station. Samples are taken from the first fitting 19 by opening valve 20. If necessary, adjust the composition of the gas distribution apparatus in apparatus 4 by adding water or granular ammonium nitrate. It is possible to introduce technological additives into the HRT located in apparatus 4 (for example: acid, urotropin, thiourea, etc.). Avoiding overheating of the circulating HRS, turn off the power of the first instantaneous electric heater 14, leaving the first pump 12 working.

A fuel mixture (TC) is prepared, for which a calculated amount of liquid oil (e.g. mineral oil, diesel fuel or their mixture in various ratios) is dosed into an apparatus 21 equipped with a propeller stirrer 22 from external storage facilities (not shown), controlling the amount of input components according to the testimony of the weighing device 23. For the correct operation of the weighing device 23, the pipe inlet and outlet from the apparatus 21 are organized through a flexible sleeve 24 and a seventh elastic compensator 25.

The propeller stirrer 22 is turned on and the estimated amount of emulsifier from the barrels 26 is introduced into the oil while mixing the oil product using a barrel pump 27. The amount of emulsifier introduced is determined by the readings of the weighing device 23. When the calculated value of the emulsifier dosed reaches the calculated value, the barrel pump 27 is turned off.

The uniformity of mixing the oil and emulsifier is determined by the density of samples taken from the apparatus 21 (sampler - not shown - from the top loading hatch of the apparatus 21).

If necessary, adjust the composition of the vehicle in the apparatus 21: adding the required amount of oil or emulsifier to achieve the desired density.

The emulsification process is carried out in the following sequence.

The first to the apparatus 28, equipped with a frame stirrer 29, dose the calculated amount of the vehicle from the apparatus 21. The quantity of the dosed vehicle is determined by the readings of the weight measuring device 30. For the correct operation of the weight measuring device 30, the pipe inlet and outlet from the device 28 are arranged through the fifth and sixth elastic expansion joints 31 and 32.

The three-way valve 33 is opened in the open position towards the apparatus 28. The twelfth crane 34 and the thirteenth valves 35 are opened, the second pump 36 is turned on, the second electric heater 37 is turned on and, based on the readings of the weighing device 30, the calculated amount of the vehicle is dosed. Then turn off the second flow-through heater 37, the second pump 36, close the twelfth valve 34 and the thirteenth valve 35.

The flow of the vehicle into the supply pipe of the gas distribution system is prevented by the first check valve 38.

The leakage of the gas distribution system into the vehicle’s supply pipe is prevented by a second non-return valve 39. This makes it possible to use non-alloy steel for manufacturing the apparatus 21, the twelfth crane 34 and the thirteenth crane 35, the second pump 36, and the second instantaneous electric heater 37, which reduces the cost of the set of equipment used.

The fourth valve 40 and the fifth valve 41 are opened. The homogenizer pump 42 is turned on. The vehicle is circulated along the circuit from the apparatus 28, through the fourth valve 40 and the fifth valve 41 to the pump inlet of the homogenizer 42, through a three-way valve 33 to the apparatus 28.

The homogenizer pump 42 operates at high speeds and to localize possible vibration at the pump inlet and outlet, a third elastic compensator 43 and a fourth elastic compensator 44 are installed, which prevent the transmission of vibration to the inlet and outlet pipelines, which reduces noise and eliminates vibration of other equipment.

They start supplying gas, for which they open valve 2 and turn on pump 45. Pump 45 is a screw (gerotor) pump, which has a direct proportion between the number of revolutions of the pump rotor and the volume of pumped liquid, which allows this type of pump to be used as metering pump.

Thus, at the inlet to the homogenizer pump 42, flows of the TS and HRO are found. The homogenizer pump 42 mixes these flows, breaking the GDF stream into small droplets, resulting in the formation of an emulsion, the continuous phase of which consists of TS, and the dispersed one is GDO. The emulsion formed in the homogenizer pump 42 is pumped through the three-way valve 33 into the apparatus 28 via the flowing vehicles TS and GD. The incoming emulsion is mixed and diluted with the fuel mixture (TS) in the apparatus 28 with a frame mixer 29.

The diluted emulsion (OM) through the lower fitting of the apparatus 28 through the fourth valve 40 and the fifth valve 41 is sucked by the discharge created during operation of the homogenizer pump 42 to the inlet of the homogenizer pump 42. At the inlet of the homogenizer pump 42, the diluted emulsion stream meets the GDO stream from metering screw pump 45. The flows are mixed in a homogenizer pump 42, an emulsion is formed, which is pushed by the incoming fluxes of RE and GD through the pipeline and enters through the three-way valve 33 into the apparatus 28. The emu received by the frame mixer 29 siya stirred and diluted located in the apparatus 28 previously received to dilute the emulsion (SE).

The concentration of the emulsion (the specific content of GD in it with respect to TC) increases. Upon reaching the metered amount of GROW of a predetermined value, measured by the weighing device 30, open the valve 1, close the valve 2 and dilute with a small amount of water a hot solution of the oxidizing agent (GRO) located in the screw pump 45, thereby preventing crystallization of the GRO in the screw pump 45 and sections of pipelines before and after it. Then the screw pump 45 is turned off. Crane 46 - drainage, serves to more thoroughly flush the screw pump 45 from the remnants of the gas distribution station.

The cycles described above are repeated many times, as a result of which the emulsion becomes concentrated (the ratio of GD to TC can reach 93: 7 and even 95: 5 = GD: TC), while the viscosity of the emulsion increases many times (from 10 cP for TC to 100000 cP and above - for an emulsion of composition 93: 7 = GRO: TC) and the homogenizer pump is no longer able to draw the emulsion into itself. Then the sixth valve 47 is opened and the third screw (gerotor) pump 48 is turned on. The fifth valve 41 is closed. The third screw pump 48 is slow-speed (low-speed) and is able to draw a viscous emulsion from the apparatus 28 and push it into the homogenizer 42.

A sample of the emulsion is taken from the second fitting 49, opening the valve 50. The viscosity and density of the prepared emulsion are instrumentally measured. When the viscosity and density values of the required norms are reached, the finished emulsion is pumped into the storage hopper 51, for which the three-way valve 33 is moved to the “open” position on the storage hopper 51. After pumping the entire emulsion from the apparatus 28 to the storage hopper 51, the homogenizer pump 42 and the third screw pump 48 are turned off.

A new dose of TC is pumped into the apparatus 28 and the emulsification process is repeated as described above.

After the GRO ends in apparatus 4, the calculated amount of water is immediately poured into it for the manufacture of the next batch of GRO, and when the first pump 12 is running, the GRO is diluted, preventing its crystallization. Then, if necessary, proceed to the manufacture of a new batch of GRO in apparatus 4, as described above.

The finished emulsion is stored in a storage hopper 51, from where it is loaded, as necessary, into mixing and charging machines (not shown), or to suppliers (not shown), or packaged in small containers (not shown) for shipment to consumers.

The emulsion is unloaded from the storage hopper with the second screw (gerotor) pump 52 with the seventh valve 53 open. By counting the rotor speed of the second screw pump 52 with a tachometric device (not shown), the calculated amount of the emulsion can be dosed into mixing and charging machines (not shown), or deliverers (not shown), or packaged in small containers (not shown) for shipment to consumers. The seventh crane 53 increases the maintainability of the system and allows you to repair or replace the second screw pump 52 without emptying from the emulsion of the storage hopper 51.

Cranes 8 and 9 allow cleaning or replacing the first filter 17 without emptying the apparatus 4. Cranes 9 and 10 allow cleaning or replacing the first pump 12 without emptying the apparatus 4.

Cranes 10 and 11 allow you to clean or replace the second filter 18 without emptying the apparatus 4.

The twelfth crane 34 and the thirteenth crane 35 allow the cleaning or replacement of the second pump 36 without emptying the apparatus 21.

Claims (1)

A production line for the production of an emulsion for water-based emulsion explosives, characterized in that it contains a sequentially connected dissolution apparatus with a weight measuring device, an eighth tap, a first elastic compensator, a first filter, a ninth tap, a first pump, a tenth tap, a second filter, an eleventh tap, the first fitting with a tap, a first instantaneous electric heater, a third tap, a second elastic compensator, and a dissolution apparatus with a weighing device is connected to a metering device and the third valve and the first flow-through heater are in communication with the first and second water supply valves, which are connected in series with the first screw pump, with a drain valve made with the possibility of completely flushing the first screw pump from the remnants of the hot oxidizer solution, with the first non-return valve made with the possibility of preventing leakage of the fuel mixture into the pipeline for supplying a hot solution of oxidizing agent, a homogenizer pump configured to operate at high speeds, and at the input at the outlet and from the homogenizer pump, a third and fourth elastic compensator are installed, a second fitting with a crane, a three-way valve, a ready-to-use emulsion storage hopper, a seventh valve, a second screw pump, and the three-way valve is additionally connected in series with the fifth elastic compensator, an apparatus equipped with a frame mixer and weighing device, fourth crane, sixth elastic compensator, sixth crane, third screw pump, second non-return valve, third elastic compensator a homogenizer, and the sixth elastic compensator is additionally connected in series with the fifth tap and the third elastic compensator of the homogenizer pump, the second check valve being configured to prevent the hot oxidizer solution from flowing into the fuel mixture supply pipe and in series with the second flow electric heater, the second pump, at the inlet and outlet of which a twelfth crane and a thirteenth crane are installed, with a seventh elastic compensator, a device with a weight measuring device with a propeller stirrer, and the pipe inlet and outlet from the apparatus with a weighing device and a propeller stirrer are organized through a flexible sleeve and a seventh elastic compensator, the flexible sleeve being connected to at least one emulsifier barrel with a barrel pump.

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