RU2588189C2 - Rigid superstructure path - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway transport, specifically to track superstructure. Rigid superstructure (1) comprises assembled with concrete sleepers (2) and rails (3) and located on bearing layer (5). Anchor units (7, 10) are intended for anchoring concrete sleepers (2) on bearing layer (5). Concrete sleepers (2) are located between supports for rails middle area (6) with reduced width. On both sides of concrete sleepers (2) is fixed on bearing layer (5) of anchor unit (7, 10), which is fixed on even surface of base layer (5).

EFFECT: simplified assembly of rigid track superstructure.

9 cl, 10 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a rigid upper track structure with a rail-sleeper grid, containing concrete sleepers and rails and resting on a bearing layer, and anchor blocks for anchoring concrete sleepers on a bearing layer.

State of the art

Such rail tracks with a rigid upper structure have been offered for some time by the applicant under the name GETRAC (registered trademark). This is a rail track with a rigid upper track structure without the use of crushed stone, in which the bearing layer usually consists of asphalt. This rail track is distinguished by the direct location of the rail-sleeper grid on the asphalt. Anchor fastening of concrete sleepers on the asphalt layer occurs through anchor blocks. When mounting the sleepers, they are placed on a layer of asphalt and are fixed in an elastic manner for a long time with anchor blocks made of high-strength special concrete. The anchor block is designed in such a way that it can divert the forces arising in the rail track in the longitudinal and transverse directions to the asphalt layer. A layer of asphalt is produced in the same way as in road construction, and laying is carried out in several layers by a high-capacity paver with automatic control. A bituminous support layer is applied to the supporting crushed stone layer or the hydraulically connected supporting layer.

A sleeper with an anchor block and a method for manufacturing a rigid upper track structure with such a sleeper is known from DE 10230740 A1. The anchor block serves as a connecting element between the sleepers and the carrier layer, for which the concrete sleepers on its lower side has a recess, which includes the anchor block to about half its height. The lower half of the anchor block is inserted into a recess made in the carrier layer and filled with filling material.

A wide sleeper for a track with a rigid upper structure is known from EP 1288371 A2, which is intended for a rigid upper structure of a track with the designation GETRAC A3. Concrete sleepers have a middle area with a reduced width, while we are talking about wide sleepers, which are located only at a small distance from each other. An anchor block of cylindrical shape is located under the wide sleepers, on the one hand, in the recess under the wide sleepers and, on the other hand, in the recess of the bearing layer and is poured. The recess in the bearing layer of asphalt has a rectangular shape and protrudes beyond the middle region of the sleepers with a reduced width from the side in order to enable subsequent filling with aggregate.

Although such rails with a rigid upper structure, in which the sleepers are fixed by anchor blocks, have proven themselves very well in practice, the installation costs are high, since the excavation must be accurately performed in the carrier layer first. Then the sleeper, together with the anchor block, is placed in the recess and, accordingly, above it, and the anchor block is poured.

Disclosure of invention

Therefore, the problem solved by the invention is to create a rigid upper structure of the path, the manufacture of which will reduce costs.

To solve this problem according to the invention, for the hard upper structure of the track of the aforementioned type, it is provided that the concrete sleepers have a middle region with a reduced width, which is located between the receiving sections (supports) for the rails and in which on both sides of the concrete sleepers an anchor is mounted on the supporting layer block.

The invention is based on the realization that the installation of a rigid upper track structure can be simplified due to the fact that the anchor blocks are placed on the sides of the concrete sleepers. As a result, there is no need for expensive fastening of the anchor block under the tie, when the anchor block is partially located in the recess under the tie and partially in the recess of the carrier layer.

In a rigid upper track structure according to the invention, it is preferable that the region with reduced width tapers towards the lower side of the concrete sleepers. The cross section of the area with a reduced width, thus on the underside of the concrete sleepers, is the smallest and increases towards the upper side of the concrete sleepers. This narrowed shape makes it possible to place the anchor block with a geometric closure to secure the sleepers by means of the anchor block on the carrier layer.

It is also contemplated within the scope of the invention that the anchor block is in the form of a trapezoid, i.e. in the form of a spatial trapezoid. Mostly it is a symmetrical trapezoid, which can also be used rotated 180 °. However, the invention is not limited to the trapezoidal shape of the anchor block; alternatively, the anchor block could also be made in the form of a truncated cone if the middle region of the concrete sleepers with a reduced width has a corresponding response shape.

In the framework of the invention it is also provided that the concrete sleepers are made in the form of a monoblock concrete sleepers made using prestressed concrete technology. The concrete sleepers are thus made in the form of a single finished concrete part with prestressed reinforcement, which in this state can be placed on the carrier layer.

In order to further facilitate the installation of the rigid upper structure of the track according to the invention, it can be provided that the anchor block is fixed on a flat surface of the carrier layer. Due to this, it becomes possible to abandon the costly manufacturing of the recess in the carrier layer, which must be performed in advance and with high accuracy. Instead, the necessary fixation of the sleepers on the carrier layer is achieved only due to the geometric closure between the anchor block and the sleepers, with the anchor block mounted on a flat surface of the carrier layer.

The rigid top structure of the track according to the invention is particularly suitable for bearing layers, which are made in the form of an asphalt bearing layer or concrete bearing layer. In both cases, the anchor block can be fixed with asphalt glue or concrete glue, respectively. In one development variant of the invention, it is provided that a gasket is located on the contact surfaces between the anchor blocks and the area with the reduced width of the concrete sleepers in the rigid upper structure of the path according to the invention. Advantageously, the gasket may consist of an elastomer, foil or other deformable material, whereby stress peaks can be reduced. This prevents the formation of delamination (chips) in the concrete sleepers caused by voltage peaks.

In special cases, with a rigid upper track structure, a screw connection of the anchor block to the carrier layer can be provided, for which an anchor can be placed in the carrier layer into which the anchor bolt passing through the anchor block is screwed.

Advantageously, the anchor block is held by means of a geometrical closure between two adjacent concrete sleepers.

For any rigid superstructure of the track according to the invention, practically any sleepers can be used if the sleepers have a central narrowing.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is explained below based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. The drawings represent schematic images and show:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a hard top structure of a track according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the rigid upper track structure of FIG. 1 in the longitudinal direction;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the anchor block shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the anchor block;

FIG. 5 - shown in FIG. 4 anchor block rotated 90 °;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the anchor block of FIG. four;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the anchor block of FIG. four;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the rigid upper structure of the track according to the invention with the anchor block shown in FIG. four;

FIG. 9 is a view of the hard top structure of the track of FIG. 8 in the longitudinal direction; and

FIG. 10 is a plot of the hard top structure of the path of FIG. 8 in a top view.

The implementation of the invention

Shown in FIG. 1 rigid upper structure 1 of the path consists essentially of concrete sleepers 2, made in the form of monoblock sleepers, which are made of prestressed reinforced concrete and are located at a small distance next to each other. Each concrete sleepers 2 carries a pair of rails, the rails 3 of which are fixed by means of rail fasteners 4 on the upper side of the concrete sleepers 2. Concrete sleepers 2 and rails 3 together form a rail-sleeper grid, which is located on the carrier layer 5. The carrier layer 5 in the presented embodiment is made in as a carrier layer of asphalt, however, other versions are also possible in which the carrier layer is made in the form of a concrete carrier layer.

From FIG. 1 it can be seen that each concrete sleeper has a region 6 located between the rail supports with a reduced width, which tapers downwards, i.e. to the underside of concrete sleepers 2.

Anchor block 7, which consists of special concrete and is made in the form of a trapezoid, is located in area 6 with a reduced width of concrete sleepers 2 and is fixed on the carrier layer 5 by means of asphalt glue. Accordingly, the next anchor block is on the opposite side of the concrete sleepers 2 and in FIG. 1 is not visible. The anchor block 7 has side surfaces tapering downwards, which are made exactly corresponding to the side surfaces of the region 6 with a reduced width of concrete sleepers 2. This means that the obliquely extending edges of the anchor block 7 and the region 6 with a reduced width have the same angle of inclination. As a result, between the anchor block 7 and the area 6 with a reduced width of concrete sleepers there is a geometric short circuit, which makes possible the transfer of effort. Thus, the forces arising during operation can be diverted from the rails 3 through concrete sleepers 2 and anchor blocks 7 to the carrier layer 5. It is not required that each concrete sleeper 2 is held to the sides by two anchor blocks 7, in practice it is enough that two anchor blocks on the sides was fixed, for example, every second, third or every fourth concrete sleepers.

In the manufacture of a rigid upper structure of 1 track, consisting of concrete sleepers 2 and rails 3, the rail-sleeper grid is placed on the carrier layer 5, after alignment, the selected concrete sleepers 2 are fixed with anchor blocks 7, which are arranged in pairs on both sides of concrete sleepers 2 in area 6 with reduced the width. Since the contour of the anchor blocks 7 exactly matches the contour of the concrete sleepers 2 in this area, a connection is formed with a geometric circuit between the concrete sleepers 2 and the anchor block 7.

FIG. 2 shows a section through a hard top structure 1 of a track. It can be seen from the figure that both anchor blocks located on the sides of the concrete sleepers 2 have a cross section that decreases in the direction of the carrier layer, and due to the geometric closure, the movement of the concrete sleepers 2 is prevented. The concrete sleepers 2 are thus held with a geometric closure between the anchor blocks 7 .

FIG. 3 is a partial view and shows an anchor block 7 in an enlarged view. It can be seen from this view that the anchor block 7 is fixed on the carrier layer by means of asphalt glue 8. In the contact area between the anchor block 7 and the region 6 with a reduced width of the concrete sleepers 2, a gasket 9 is located, which consists of an elastomer and reduces stress peaks. As a result, chips in concrete sleepers 2 are prevented.

Figures 4-7 show a second exemplary embodiment of the anchor block 10, which, in contrast to the anchor block 7 shown in the first exemplary embodiment, tapers up. From FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 it can be seen that the anchor unit 10 has a trapezoidal cross-section, with the cross-sectional area narrowing in the direction from the lower side to the upper side. In FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 shows that the anchor block 10 is limited to six faces, while the upper side 11 of the anchor block 10 is formed by four surfaces that have a slight slope, in the embodiment shown, the slope is about 1%.

The inclination of the vertical surfaces is 10: 1 in the embodiment shown. In the installed state, the anchor block 10 is surrounded by an elastomer (not shown).

Figures 8-10 show a rigid upper track structure 12 consisting of concrete sleepers 2, rails 3 and rail mounts 4, which correspond to similar elements of the first embodiment. Between each two adjacent concrete sleepers 2, respectively, one anchor block 10 is located, as a result of which the concrete sleepers 2 are held on the carrier layer.

Otherwise, the rigid upper track structure 12 corresponds to the substantially rigid upper track structure 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1-3.

Claims (9)

1. A rigid upper track structure containing a rail-sleeper grid containing concrete sleepers and rails and located on the carrier layer, and anchor blocks for anchoring concrete sleepers on the carrier layer, the concrete sleepers (2) having a middle region located between the rail supports (6) with a reduced width in which on both sides of the concrete sleepers (2) there is an anchor block (7, 10) fixed to the carrier layer (5), characterized in that the anchor block (7, 10) is fixed on a flat surface of the carrier layer (5). 2. The structure of the track according to claim 1, characterized in that the region (6) with a reduced width narrows in the direction of the lower side of the concrete sleepers (2). 3. The structure of the track according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor block (7, 10) is made in the form of a trapezoid. 4. The structure of the track according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete sleepers (2) are made in the form of monoblock concrete sleepers from prestressed reinforced concrete. 5. The structure of the track according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier layer (5) is made in the form of an asphalt carrier layer or a concrete carrier layer. 6. The structure of the track according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that on the contact surfaces between the anchor block (7, 10) and the area (6) with a reduced width of the concrete sleepers (2) there is a gasket (9), consisting mainly of elastomer. 7. The structure of the track according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor block (7, 10) is fixed to the carrier layer (5) by means of asphalt glue (8) or by means of concrete glue. 8. The structure of the track according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor block (7, 10) is screwed to the carrier layer (5) mainly by means of an anchor bolt screwed into the anchor. 9. The structure of the track according to one of claims 1 to 5, 7.8, characterized in that the anchor block (7, 10) is held with a geometric closure between two adjacent concrete sleepers (2).

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