RU2585675C2 - System for railway transport with rotary cargo platform - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to transport, handling equipment. System for railway transportation with rotary cargo platform comprises platform, car and rotary cargo platform. Rotary cargo platform is secured to car via rotary device and is equipped with movable guide-baffles. Platform is turned and fixed in loading position due to technical devices of the car. Car is equipped with power plant, compressor station, emergency winch, control systems, video surveillance and fire extinguishing systems. Platform is equipped with a certain configuration recesses, in which the ends of cargo platform move at rotation, and guide-baffles, by means of which vehicle is forcibly attached to correct movement trajectory upon approaching car. Recesses allow fixing the platform and level the floor.

EFFECT: higher reliability of construction in operation.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to transport, handling equipment, more specifically, to a system.

Currently, a huge part of the cargo is transported by road and this is due to the unsurpassed advantages of cars: maneuverability, mobility, etc. However, as soon as the car enters the highway, its advantages are sharply reduced and all this is aggravated by accident rate, cargo safety, tangible environmental consequences, significant labor and economic costs. The purpose of the present invention is to leave the car all its advantages, and to transfer the main part of its work to railway transport. Currently, this technique is not possible for a number of technical reasons. To load a car, and especially a tractor with a loaded semi-trailer, a 24-meter road train to existing railway cars requires significant costs and time.

Existing inventions: It must be recognized that attempts to solve such a problem by foreign engineers have been undertaken, although there is no data on the implementation of such systems.

Known works of French engineers, drawn up by applications for the invention 2003101398/11, 06/20/2001; 2003101399/112003101399/11, 06/20/2001, describing the "Method of railway transportation and equipment for loading and unloading trains" OF CARGO, LOADING AND UNLOADING OF WAGONS IN A SLIDED POSITION AT THE RAILWAY STATION FOR COMBINED RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION AND METHOD OF APPLICATION OF THIS SYSTEM ”and in the continuation of these ideas, patent RU 2282547 C2. The design for loading / unloading a wagon is based on a hoist mounted on the ground and in the first invention lifts the entire wagon with a turn, and in the next invention lifts a load platform with a turn - part of the wagon. In both cases, the wagon is minimally equipped, has recesses on the cargo area, which, together with the entry ramps on the platform, creates significant problems when entering and leaving the car, creating significant, including torsional and impact loads, on the structure, in addition, the car the semitrailer most likely will not cope with the departure "from" the cargo area. Substantial and qualified labor costs are required during loading and unloading and fastening operations of the car, fixing the cargo platform on the lift, then on the platform and at the end on wagon trolleys. The first option generally requires the release of the cars in the train. In addition, the length of the car is standard for railway cars, which does not allow the bulk of vehicles to be transported without unhitching a trailer or semi-trailer, i.e. heavy trucks, for the sake of which this method is actually being developed. Also, the disadvantages of the selected technical scheme include the fact that in case of failure of the elevator, it will be necessary to stop the movement of trains until the completion of work related to its repair or replacement. I don’t dare to challenge the level of technical solutions proposed by the French, however, it is clear that their proposal cannot provide an efficient and extremely simple way of loading / unloading motor vehicles onto wagons by non-specially trained car drivers. In addition, the authors are more considering the option of sending only a trailer / semi-trailer by rail without a direct tractor, which excludes the possibility of using the complex as a car park, which is a fundamental drawback in this case.

The French also refer to the application 2010130475/11, 10.27.2008 "TRANSPORT UNIT WITH A GUIDANCE DEVICE FOR CAR" of a German engineer, which considers the design of the car, more similar to mine. However, the rotation of the loading platform in this case occurs around a vertical axis located on one of the wheeled trolleys. In other words, the side of the loading platform remote from the axis of rotation is shifted to the side from the longitudinal axis of the car with access to the apron. All claims to this design, like that of the French, regarding the dimensions and equipment of the car remain valid. In addition, during loading, the platform rests firmly on one side on the platform and the other on the wheel platform, which in turn rests on its own springs, and then on the wheelsets deployed at a certain angle. The complex unbalanced circuit transfers torsional moments to the elements fixing with the apron. Such a design cannot be reliable and cannot provide automatic operation. At the same time, without discussing the strengths of the technical solution, the main drawback is that loading and unloading of the loading platform occurs on the one hand, which is extremely time-consuming and requires high costs and high qualifications of the personnel involved in loading / unloading.

The listed inventions are close on the subject of development and use similar technical solutions, however, they cannot be direct analogues, and therefore it is possible to compare the possibility of their effective application, and not the level of the technical solution itself.

Fundamental requirements for the developed loading and unloading complex apron-car:

1. The most rigid connection of the loading and unloading parts of the apron and the car (rotary cargo platform).

2. The constructive structure of the complex provides the floor of the loading platform at the same level with the floor of the apron, eliminating additional loads on the structure and the submersible vehicle.

3. Unimpeded entry / exit on the carriage on the principle of car parking without the use of reverse traffic.

4. Automatic forced giving the direction of movement of the immersed / unloaded car, as well as centering it on the car and locking to the transport position (and vice versa).

5. The loading / unloading of a car onto a wagon should be provided directly by a driver who does not have additional qualifications.

6. The wagon must be equipped with means to ensure quick start of the engine and unlocking the braking system of the submerged vehicle. Emergency unloading devices, as well as devices for maintaining important systems of an immersed vehicle on the road (battery charging, refrigeration, engine heating, etc.) are required, in addition, monitoring, automation and alarm devices, traffic control, fire fighting, etc.

7. The train must have a full-fledged passenger compartment to accommodate drivers, passengers, forwarders and other citizens.

The essence of the design: A specialized railway carriage with a rotary around its geometric center (3) in the horizontal plane up to 15 ° from the longitudinal axis of the cargo platform (4). Standard load capacity up to 60,000 kg. The length of the rotary cargo platform is ≈26 meters (the length of the road train is up to 24 m.).

The wagon itself consists of two wheeled trolleys (1) connected by a frame (13) to each other, in the center of which there is a rotary assembly (3) and equipped with coupling devices (12). Wheel carts have upper platforms, on which guides (2) are placed for the movement of the roller bearings of the cargo platform. In addition, a power plant (11), designed to provide energy consumers of the car and the car (s), battery charging, engine pre-heating, etc., and a compressor station (10), which rotates the cargo platform, the operation of the cargo fixation units, are located on the carriage frame platforms and apron (5), operation of support jacks (19), movement of bump guides (6), sliding blocking shoes (7), quick unlocking of the vehicle’s brake system before leaving the cargo platform and other necessary equipment.

The rotary cargo platform (4) is the upper, movable part of the carriage, fixed through the rotary unit (3), rests on wheel trolleys in the guides (2) by means of roller bearings (8) and is fixed in the transport position with the car by the pneumatic unit for fixing the cargo platform (5 ) The platform is a rigid frame structure-platform, on which there are movable guiding chippers (6), forcibly correcting the position of the car upon entering the platform, and subsequently automatically locking the car, clamping the wheels from the sides in the transport position. To block the vehicle “on the go”, sliding blocking shoes (7) are used. The platform is equipped with a service column for connecting the car to power, a pneumatic system, etc., as well as motion control systems, alarm systems, fire extinguishing devices and video monitoring.

The apron is equipped with fixed guiding chippers (15) for forcing the submersible car to be in the correct position during arrival and exit, a winch attachment unit (16) for emergency exit of the car, traffic lights that regulate the movement on the apron and markings. In addition, in the area of the railway bed, there is a base plate that provides support to the support jacks holding the cargo platform in its middle part in the loading / unloading position.

The surface of the apron has the same height as the surface of the freight platform of the car and has the appropriate size and shape of the selection (niche) (17) and structural elements (14, 18) to ensure the rotation of the platform, the direction of its movement, the support of its protruding edges and the implementation of the rigid fixation of the platform to apron.

Given the inadmissibility of drivers and passengers in vehicles while the train is in motion, the train has a passenger part with all the necessary infrastructure.

The most important advantage of this technical scheme is the following:

Turning the platform around its central axis simplifies the design, distributes the loads as evenly as possible.

Rigid fastening to the opposite of the rotated platform and both sides of the platform.

Transfer in the loading position of the support of the cargo platform from the car to the structural elements of the apron, without separating the platform from the car.

The surface of the loading platform coincides with the surface of the apron.

These simple technical solutions will allow the present project to satisfy its tasks and at the same time ensure high reliability of the structure in operation.

So, we get a design that allows us to execute the following scenario: A truck loads / unloads in a conditional warehouse, and then arrives on the corresponding platform. It goes through the clearance procedure and, upon arrival of the train, passes along the platform to the car provided to it and enters the freight platform of the car after moving to the loading position and fixing it with the platform after the truck arriving from it. The truck is automatically properly positioned and fixed on the platform. The driver and passengers leave the car and go to the passenger part of the train. The platforms are transferred to the transport position, fixed, etc., after which the train leaves the platform. Upon arrival at the destination, the car moves onto the platform, freeing up space for another, and sent to the unloading point. With proper technical equipment of the apron and wagons, automation of most processes and decent organization, it is possible to provide a half-hour interval for trains. Even when using one apron for opposite directions, the movement of such a composition every hour along the busiest motorway will unload it (the motorway) more than significantly.

Purpose: providing the possibility of rapid loading and unloading of mainly heavy vehicles and other equipment on specialized railway cars without the use of additional equipment and special qualifications of personnel (drivers).

Purpose: to transfer a significant traffic load from roads to the railway network.

Economy: Saving fuel and other consumable (auto) materials. The cost of energy for moving a unit of cargo together with the car on which it is loaded by railway transport is lower than the cost of moving it directly by the car. Maintenance, maintenance and repair of roads per unit of cargo in railway transport is much lower than motorways. In the combined transportation of goods, tremendous savings are achieved in the depreciation of vehicles, incomparable with the depreciation of rolling stock. However, at the same time, the unsurpassed advantages of automobile transport are used to the full without multiple, labor-consuming and expensive loading and unloading, as well as forced warehouse, sorting and logistic and other operations.

Ecology: A truck burns an average of about 40 liters of diesel fuel per 100 km. Wear of rubber, consumption of lubricants and other consumables. The highway has a huge infrastructure - its own and related business. All this creates a huge environmental burden.

Safety: The use of combined transport will significantly relieve the roads, which in turn will reduce not only the number of potential participants in the accident, but also the stress of drivers remaining on the highway. The condition of the road itself and other factors affecting traffic safety will improve significantly. For vehicles loaded on railway wagons, problems such as fatigue, fog, ice, prolonged ascents and descents, passes, drifts, avalanches, potholes on the roadway, poor visibility, heavy wind, crime, traffic police and others will cease to be relevant. negative phenomena.

Economic development: The creation of a combined transportation system will entail:

Construction of aprons, and then railway tracks. Construction itself, machinery and equipment, the production of building materials, the creation and mass production of a number of devices, mechanisms and whole systems. Modern jobs.

The train in this scheme will require the introduction of fundamentally new technical and technological standards, which will entail the creation and production of modern equipment, including energy supply systems.

Attracting small businesses to support the infrastructure being created.

The development of fundamentally new organizational forms of business, for example, the creation of federal transport companies for which drivers will work each in their region, and cars will be moved by trains without their accompaniment.

Creation of new modes of transport. In many cases, a traditional automobile tractor can be replaced by an electric tractor for use in local movements of caravans, etc.

In Russia there are populated territories that do not have the ability to create a full-fledged, and sometimes even automobile, communication. Railway ferry will remove the problem with the road and significantly change the quality of life in such regions.

With the appearance of regular movement of long-distance railway trains, which include a full-fledged passenger complex, a fundamentally new passenger transportation system will appear. Something like an intercity subway (Traveling with transfers). Modern people are ready for this type of travel, but something else is important - in the freight transportation system, the “passenger service” will be in passing, and therefore cheap. This will be especially noticeable over long distances. Say, a trip from Vladivostok to Moscow will become really accessible to ordinary Russians.

Here is an example: a car loads a herring in the seaport of Murmansk, gets on a “ferry” and goes to St. Petersburg, gets off and goes to a logistics warehouse where it unloads part of the herring and is loaded with smelt and capelin. Again by train and to Moscow. There it “crosses” to another apron and then again by railway ferry across the Ural Range to Novosibirsk. And there to five consumers throughout the county. Rain, snow, ice, fog, pass, accident, congestion, bandits, traffic cops and other misfortunes, all overboard. The speed of movement is comparable, and at large distances it increases significantly due to the lack of parking for food and rest of drivers. There is no need for a partner, which means an increase in efficiency and an increase in labor productivity. Depreciation of the car. Fuel. Wear of rubber and consumption of lubricants and other materials. In general, material savings are sufficient to compensate for the payment of the ferry. Or in Shanghai, a truck is loaded with gadgets. On the Russian border, it is additionally sealed and put on a railway ferry. Under virtually vigilant control (constant video surveillance) goes to St. Petersburg. It goes over to the Sea Ferry and ... to where I have never been. Perfect transit!

1. The invention is illustrated by drawings, which do not cover and, moreover, do not limit the entire scope of the claims of this technical solution, but are only illustrative materials of a particular case of execution.

FIG. 1 - Scheme of the car.

FIG. 2 - Scheme of the apron and options for loading vehicles on wagons.

FIG. 3 - The position of the carriage and apron when stopping the train.

FIG. 4 - Explanatory sections: aa and bb.

2. The described complex of technical solutions compares favorably with those proposed by other authors:

2.1. It differs in that the car consists of two functional parts: the car itself and the rotary cargo platform (4).

2.2. It differs in that the loading platform rotates around its central axis.

2.3. It differs in that the rotary cargo platform is fixed to the car through the rotary device (3).

2.4. It differs in that the rotary device (3) is located on the frame (13) of the car in its geometric center of horizontal projection between the wheeled carts (1).

2.5. It differs in that the platform is rotated and fixed in the loading position due to the technical devices of the car (5).

2.6. It differs in that in the loading position the platform rests solely on the supporting elements of the apron (14).

2.7. It differs in that, taking into account the length of the platform, for additional support in its central part, support jacks are used located on the carriage frame. The jacks (19) transfer the support of the central part of the platform to the base plate located in the area of the railway track, thereby relieving the load from the rotary assembly and directly to the car itself.

2.8. It differs in that the cargo platform is equipped with movable guiding chippers (6), which allows forcibly centering a calling car, and subsequently fix it in the transport position.

2.9. It differs in that the vehicle in the transport position is automatically blocked in the direction of travel by sliding blocking shoes (7.)

2.10. It differs in that the car is equipped with a power plant (11), capable of providing power consumers of a loaded car and trailer, an alarm system, a refrigeration unit, recharging the battery, engine pre-heating, etc.

2.11. It is distinguished by the fact that the car is equipped with a compressor station (10), which, in addition to its own consumers, is able to pump the car’s pneumatic system and unlock its brake system to speed up the unloading and emergency unloading procedure (when the car’s engine does not start and pump up the car’s receiver with its own forces, and accordingly unlock brake system is not possible).

2.12. It differs in that the cargo platform is equipped with a winch, with which you can roll the emergency vehicle from the car to the platform.

2.13. It differs in that the cargo platform is rotated at an angle of up to 15 degrees. This allows the ends of the platform to fully exit onto the platform. A larger turn will significantly increase the size of the apron, energy costs for the turn and complicate the design with the appearance of unsafe zones on the apron.

2.14. It differs in that the apron is equipped with a specific configuration with niches (17), in which the ends of the cargo platform move when turning. Niches provide the same level of apron and platform surfaces. This simplifies the approach / exit of the car to the platform and eliminates the shocks destructive to the structure when the car moves. In addition, in niches it is more convenient and reliable to arrange guides and supporting elements (14, 18).

2.15. It differs in that the apron is equipped with chipper guides (15) with the help of which the car is forcibly given the correct trajectory of movement when approaching and leaving the car.

2.16. It is distinguished by the fact that such a design of a carriage, a loading platform and an apron allows loading / unloading cars in one direction onto trains moving in different directions.

2.17. It differs in that the design of the cargo platform allows you to load several cars smaller than the train, sizes (Figure 2), including cars. In the case of the development of this transportation system for cars, it is possible to use two-level platforms.

2.18. It differs in that the train has a full-fledged passenger complex, which entails a number of advantages.

In the drawings are marked with numbers:

1. Wheel trolley carriage.

2. The guide of the platform of the wheeled trolley for the movement of the roller bearings of the loading platform.

3. The rotary device.

4. Cargo turntable.

5. A device that fixes the cargo turntable with the platform in the loading position and the car in the transport position.

6. Mobile guides-chippers of a cargo platform.

7. Trolley with sliding locking shoes.

8. Support roller station of a cargo rotary platform.

9. The winch.

10. Compressor station.

11. Power plant and control unit.

12. Coupling device.

13. The frame of the car.

14. The guide apron for the movement of the roller bearings of the cargo platform.

15. Apron guides (fixed).

16. Mounting unit for the winch.

17. Sampling (niche) in the platform for turning the cargo platform.

18. Mortgage-emphasis for fixing the cargo turntable to the platform.

19. Supporting jacks.

Claims (1)

Complex for rail transportation with a rotary cargo platform, characterized in that the rotary cargo platform is fixed to the car via a rotary device located on the car frame in the center between the wheeled carts, while the platform is rotated and fixed in the loading position due to the technical devices of the car, in the loading position, the platform rests on the supporting elements of the apron, and the jacks transfer the load of the central part of the platform to the base plate located in the area of the rail roadside cloth; the cargo platform is equipped with movable guides, chippers, which allows you to force center a calling car, and then fix it in the transport position, in which it is automatically locked in the direction of travel with shoes; the car is equipped with a power plant, a compressor station, an emergency winch, control systems, video surveillance and fire fighting; the apron is equipped with a specific configuration of niches into which the ends of the cargo platform move when turning, allowing the platform to be fixed and the floor level to be fixed, the apron is equipped with bump guides, by means of which the vehicle is forcibly given the correct trajectory when approaching the car.

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