RU2584700C1 - Pit ventilation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining, namely to ventilation of open pits. Pit ventilation method by creating water curtains in sections along the pit boundary and provision of its contact with wind flow, in which water curtain is formed by spraying water from two pipelines - cold and hot water under excess pressure. Hot water pipeline is placed on the upper edge of pit wall, and cold water pipeline is moved from hot water pipeline for 10-15 metres. During warm season water curtain is formed by simultaneous spraying of cold water on pit downwind wall from pipeline making 1/4 of its perimeter, and hot water from pipeline making 1/4 of its perimeter, on pit windward wall.

EFFECT: can be used for enhancing air exchange in pit space, cleaning air fed into pit space and protecting air tank from contaminants formed during mining operations by open method.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mining, namely, ventilation of quarries, and can be used to intensify air exchange in the quarry space, purify the air entering the quarry space, and protect the air basin from contaminants generated during opencast mining.

A known method of purifying air from dust, based on the use of dispersed water, the particles of which carry electric charges, and the addition of a foaming substance to the water [Auth. testimonial. USSR No. 328252, publ. 01/01/1972].

The disadvantages of this method are the use of high-voltage chargers and slightly alkaline foaming agent and the associated need for appropriate safety measures.

Closest to the claimed one is a method of ventilating quarries by passing an air flow through a water curtain formed along sections of the quarry boundary sections that overlap the wind flow from the windward and leeward sides [Ed. testimonial. USSR No. 588920, publ. 01/25/1978].

The disadvantages of this method are the risk of wind spraying into the quarry of the sprayed water particles and an increase in the humidity of the quarry air to a level exceeding sanitary standards, the creation of resistance to the cooled air flow carried out of the quarry, with a water curtain located on the windward side of the quarry.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify natural air exchange.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of ventilating the quarry by creating a water curtain with sections along the border of the quarry and ensuring its contact with the wind flow, the water curtain is formed by spraying water from two pipelines - cold and hot water under pressure, while the hot water pipeline placed on the upper edge of the pit, and the cold water pipeline is 10-15 meters away from the hot water pipeline.

In the warm season, a water curtain is formed by simultaneously spraying cold water on the leeward side of the quarry from a pipeline that is 1/4 of its perimeter, and hot water from the pipeline, which is 1/4 of its perimeter, on the windward side of the quarry.

In FIG. 1 shows a section through a quarry and diagrams of wind flow velocities during the warm season, FIG. 2 - quarry plan and scheme for incorporating a water curtain in the warm season, where: 1 - quarry space, 2 - upper edge of the quarry side, 3 - cold water pipeline, 4 - hot water pipeline, 5 - leeward side of the quarry, 6 - windward side career, 7 - direction of movement of wind flows, 8 - diagrams of wind flow speeds.

The use of two pipelines of cold and hot water to create a water curtain is due to the advisability of cooling the air entering the quarry during the warm season. The removal of the cold water pipeline at a distance of 10-15 meters from the hot water pipeline and, accordingly, from the upper edge of the pit side is due to the need to reduce the amount of moisture entering the pit space with air ventilation flows. Sprayed water droplets with a diameter of 0.5-1.0 mm, the speed of whirling (deposition) of which is close to the speed of free fall, with a height of a water curtain of up to 20 meters and an average wind speed of 3-4 m / s, overcome a 6- 8 meters. Removing from the upper edge of the pit side of the cold water pipeline to a distance of 10-15 meters eliminates the penetration of atomized droplets into the quarry space.

Aeration of the quarry according to the claimed method is as follows.

In the warm season, cold water is sprayed on the leeward side of the quarry. Warm air, passing through the water curtain, is cooled, its density increases and the opening angle of the free stream α increases, which reduces the volume of the stagnant zone of the quarry space. Coming out of the quarry contaminated air passes through a curtain spraying hot water on the windward side of the quarry. In this case, the air cooled by the water curtain on the leeward side is heated, its density drops, which contributes to the emergence on the windward side of not only horizontal wind, but also vertical convective flows in accordance with the scheme shown in FIG. 1. To spray cold and hot water in the warm season, the pipelines are used with sections of approximately ¼ of the perimeters of the cold and hot water pipelines in accordance with the scheme shown in FIG. 2.

их периметра, для распыления холодной и горячей воды в теплый период года обусловлено направлением ветровых потоков, поступающих в карьерное пространство и покидающих его, совпадающих с одной из сторон горизонта. Распыление холодной воды на участке, составляющем ~

периметра трубопровода холодной воды и расположенном на подветренной стороне карьера, обеспечивает охлаждение практически всего объема воздуха, поступающего в карьерное пространство в теплый период года. Распыление горячей воды на участке, составляющем ~1/4 периметра трубопровода горячей воды и расположенном на наветренной стороне карьера, обеспечивает нагрев практически всего объема воздуха, выходящего из карьерного пространства.Use of pipelines of cold and hot water in sections approximately

their perimeter, for spraying cold and hot water in the warm season, due to the direction of wind flows entering the quarry and leaving it, coinciding with one of the sides of the horizon. Cold water spraying at ~

the perimeter of the cold water pipeline and located on the leeward side of the quarry, provides cooling of almost the entire volume of air entering the quarry during the warm season. The spraying of hot water in the area of ~ 1/4 of the perimeter of the hot water pipeline and located on the windward side of the quarry provides heating of almost the entire volume of air leaving the quarry space.

The advantages of the proposed method: an increase in the intensity of natural ventilation of the quarry in the warm season, the absence of obstacles to technological operations in the quarry (blasting, excavation and transportation of minerals), the possibility of utilizing water removed from the quarry by a drainage system

Claims (2)

1. The method of ventilating the quarry by creating a water curtain with sections along the boundary of the quarry and ensuring its contact with the wind flow, characterized in that the water curtain is formed by spraying water from two pipelines - cold and hot water under pressure, while the hot water pipeline is placed on the upper edge of the pit side, and the cold water pipeline is 10-15 meters away from the hot water pipeline. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that in the warm season, a water curtain is formed by simultaneously spraying cold water on the leeward side of the quarry from the pipeline, which is 1/4 of its perimeter, and hot water from the pipeline, which is 1/4 of its perimeter , on the windward side of a quarry.

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