RU2583639C1 - Machine for cleaning of falling sites of felling debris - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to logging industry, in particular, to machines for cleaning of falling sites of felling debris, providing for collection, grinding of felling wastes and overload chips in: chip carrier. Machine comprises base chassis 1, on the frame of which there are 2 manipulator with gripper, of type module 3 with chip chute and accumulation bin 4 chips. For arrangement of machine is equipped with storage hopper connected with chassis frame horizontal subframe 5, having on the side of the rear wall of the hopper two vertically oriented U-shaped guides 6. Bin has two pairs of tiered support rollers 7 and 8, some of them 7 are arranged approximately in the middle part to interact with inner surfaces of guides, and the other 8-in bin bottom and rest on facing the bunker surface Guide. Bin 4 is connected with subframe 5 hydraulic cylinders 10, one ends are fixed on the subframe, and the others-on walls of the bin. Guides have tiered thrusts 11 to limit hopper lifting height.

EFFECT: at simplified machine design, operation decrease power consumption on a lifting and overturn storage hopper in unloading position chips in the body chip truck.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the logging industry, in particular to machines for cleaning logging sites from logging residues, providing for the collection, grinding of logging waste and chip loading into wood chips.

During the development of cutting areas, a significant amount of wood remains in the form of knots, branches, peaks, debris, felling and fine gauge, the collection and utilization of which allows obtaining additional raw materials for the production of wood chips, chemical and chemical-mechanical processing, for fuel, to improve the process of subsequent reforestation.

Known pickers consisting of a base tractor and attachments in the form of collecting teeth (L.A. Zanegin, V.A. Kondratyuk, I.V. Voskoboinikov, V.M. Krylov. Single-operation forest machines, volume 2, p. 377 -381. M.: GOU VPO MGUL, 2009). The pickers of branches provide the collection of cutting residues and carry out partial loosening of the surface soil layer. However, the described machines do not chop collected wood waste into chips. For these purposes, a special machine is required for processing wood waste into wood chips.

A well-known machine for cleaning cutting areas from logging residues, containing a manipulator mounted on a self-propelled chassis, a chipper with a chip line and a body with special soft containers (SP Karpachev, EN Shcherbakov, ID Grachev. Some issues of bioresource development technology from the forest for the needs of bioenergy. Timber industry. 2009, 49, p. 23).

The main disadvantage of the known technical solution is that when the containers are filled, they are transported to the place of further processing of wood chips, while there are high energy and material costs for loading and unloading and transportation, which increases the unit costs for the manufacture of wood chips.

A technical solution is known, according to which a machine for cleaning cutting areas from chopping residues comprises a manipulator mounted on a self-propelled chassis with a gripper for logging waste, a chopping module with a chip line and a chip storage bin mounted on the chassis frame (see patent RU No. 102181, publ. 20.02. 2011).

This technical solution is selected as the closest analogue of the claimed invention.

The machine also has a rake attachment for collecting chopping residues in shafts or piles, which significantly increases the longitudinal dimension of the machine and impairs its maneuverability.

In addition, the operating experience of rake-type devices showed their inefficiency and unreliability due to the endless overcoming of natural obstacles, and the location of the manipulator with a grip between the operator's cab and the chopping module also leads to a significant reduction in the useful volume of the storage hopper.

The technological process carried out by this machine is based on the collection of the required amount of logging waste on the cutting area, their supply by means of a gripper of the manipulator to the chopping module, the chips from which enter the hopper, after filling the hopper, the machine moves to the loading point, where the chip is loaded into a chip truck .

In order to ensure chip overload, taking into account the appropriate height of the chip truck body, the chip storage bin must be equipped with special equipment that ensures the raising of the hopper and its tipping over during unloading.

To perform this technological operation, various technical solutions are proposed (see, for example, SU No. 629097, published 01.09.1978) or unloading it with a transporting device (see the prospectus of PREUSS-SILVATEK (Germany) - Appendix 1).

Thus, in the invention SU No. 629097, as a equipment for raising the hopper and tipping over during unloading, a complex cable block drive of the chip storage bin is proposed by means of a winch chassis mounted on the frame, which does not provide sufficient reliability of this equipment.

According to the prospectus of PREUSS-SILVATEK (Germany), for lifting and unloading the storage hopper, use a hinged parallelogram with lifting cylinders, a horizontal rotary device mounted on the bottom of the hopper, a scraper conveyor, and a rotary side of the hopper. The presence of such a number of mechanisms for lifting and unloading the hopper is material-intensive, difficult to manufacture and operate.

Thus, the analysis of the prior art regarding the mechanization of the technological process for the collection, grinding of logging waste in the cutting area and the loading of wood chips into chip trucks showed the need to create machines for these purposes with more efficient operational characteristics.

The objective of the present invention was to provide a structurally simple, operationally reliable, energy-efficient machine for cleaning logging sites from logging waste.

To solve the technical problem, there is proposed a machine for cleaning cutting areas from chopping residues, containing a base chassis, on the frame of which there is a manipulator with a grip, a chopping module with a chip line and a chip storage bin, according to the invention, the machine is equipped for horizontal storage of a storage bin connected to the chassis frame oriented subframe having two vertically oriented U-shaped guides on the side of the rear wall of the hopper, while the hopper has two pairs of tiered support rollers, some of which are located approximately in the middle of the hopper and interact with the inner surfaces of the guides, and others - in the lower part of the hopper and rely on the surface of the guides facing the hopper, and the hopper is connected to the subframe by hydraulic cylinders, some ends of which are mounted on the subframe, and others - on the walls of the hopper, the guides have belt-mounted stops to limit the height of the hopper.

According to the invention, stops to limit the height of the hopper are located in the upper part of the rails and under the support rollers of the middle part of the hopper.

According to the invention, vertically oriented U-shaped guides are deviated from the subframe with the formation of an obtuse angle with it, and the rear wall of the hopper and the outer surfaces of the guides are approximately parallel.

According to the invention, the gripper is located in front of the base chassis having a bulldozer pusher.

According to the invention, the machine has an electromechanical transmission, the generator of which is used to electrically drive the chopping module.

When implementing the invention, due to the above-described features of the machine, an operationally reliable, structurally simple solution is provided for raising the storage hopper with its tipping over to the unloading position above the sides of the chipboard. The machine for cleaning logging sites from logging waste is operationally reliable and energy-efficient.

In the analysis of the prior art, no technical solutions have been identified that have a set of design features similar to the claimed technical solution for solving the claimed technical result, which indicates the compliance of the claimed technical solution with the criteria of the invention: "novelty", "inventive step".

When implementing the invention using traditionally known technological equipment, which indicates compliance with its criterion of "industrial applicability".

The invention is illustrated by the following description and drawings, where

- in fig. 1 shows a cutting machine with a storage hopper in a transport position - general view;

- in fig. 2 shows the position of the storage hopper when overloading chips in the carriage;

- in fig. 3 - sections along the support rollers AA and BB.

A machine for cleaning logging waste from logging waste contains a base chassis 1, on the frame of which a manipulator 2 with a gripper, a chopping module 3 with a chipline and a silo hopper 4 are installed.

Preferably, a tracked base chassis is used, which is most suitable for operation in various environmental and climatic conditions, on various types of soils, including weakly bearing ones.

The machine is equipped to accommodate a storage hopper with a horizontally oriented subframe 5 connected to the chassis frame, to which two vertically oriented U-shaped guides 6 are connected from the back of the hopper 4. The hopper 4 has two pairs of belt-mounted support rollers 7 and 8. Support rollers 7 placed approximately in the middle of the hopper and interact with the inner surfaces of the guides 6 (Fig. 3, A-A). The rollers 8 are placed in the lower part of the hopper and rest on the guides 6 facing the hopper surface 6. The hopper 4 is connected to the subframe 5 by hydraulic cylinders 10, some ends of which are mounted on the subframe, and others on the walls of the hopper. Preferably, single-acting telescopic hydraulic cylinders are used, which contributes to the compact design. The guides 6 have belt-mounted stops 11 and 12 to limit the height of the hopper. The stops 11 are located in the upper part of the guides 6, and the stops 12 under the support rollers 7 of the middle part of the hopper.

Preferably, the vertically oriented U-shaped guides 6 are deflected from the subframe 5 to form an obtuse angle with it, and the rear wall of the hopper and the outer surfaces of the guides are approximately parallel. As a result, more favorable conditions for raising the hopper and its overturning are provided, which are independent of the parameters and position of the chopping block of the chopping module 3.

The manipulator with a gripper is located in front of the base chassis having a bulldozer pusher 13. With this location of the manipulator and the presence of a pusher on the base chassis, the most effective conditions for collecting logging waste, supplying it to the chopping module and moving the machine to the cutting area are provided.

To improve the operational characteristics of the machine and its energy parameters, the machine has an electromechanical transmission 14, the design of which corresponds to the technical solution according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2531531, publ. 10.20.2014, When implementing this technical solution as part of the technological equipment of the claimed invention, it is possible to use an electric generator to drive the chopping module 3 and the hydraulic system of the technological equipment. As a result, the characteristics of the machine are improved by reducing energy consumption during operation of the machine.

Machine cleaning cutting works as follows. Using a pusher 13 and a hydraulic manipulator 2 with a grip, chopping residues are raked into shafts or heaps. Then they are fed by a grapple to the receiving hopper of the chopping module 3, where they are processed into wood chips, which, through the chips, enter the storage hopper 4. As the hopper accumulates, the machine transports the chips to the logging road and reloads them into removable containers of the carriage carriers or loads the carriage body 15 directly.

Chips can be unloaded both by the rear approach to the car body of the chip truck, and side after rearranging the subframe of the storage hopper in a horizontal plane at an angle of ± 90 ° depending on the adopted technological process.

Overloading chips in the carriage is carried out as follows. The cutting machine cleaning machine approaches the carriage 15 in reverse or side access and performs hydraulic tearing 10 off the subframe 5 and lifting the storage hopper 4 vertically until the rollers 7 come in contact with the stops 11 (position II). With further extension of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders 10, the hopper 4 rotates relative to the extreme position of the rollers 7 to the position of guaranteed unloading of the hopper (position III). Then, when retracting the rods of hydraulic cylinders 10 due to gravity (when using telescopic hydraulic cylinders of single action), the storage hopper 4 returns to its original position I. When raising and lowering the hopper to its original position, it contacts the guides 6 only by means of rollers 7 and 8, which minimizes friction losses, and the location of the hydraulic cylinders 10 provides effective conditions for lifting and tipping the hopper.

Thus, when implementing the invention as a whole, it is possible to create a structurally simple and technologically effective machine for cleaning logging sites from logging residues, collecting, crushing logging waste and loading chips into wood chips, during the operation of which the energy costs of preliminary lifting and tipping of the storage hopper are reduced the position of the unloading of chips in the body of a chip truck.

Claims (5)

1. A machine for cleaning cutting areas from chopping residues, containing a base chassis, on the frame of which a manipulator with a grip is installed, a chopping module with a chip line and a chip storage bin, characterized in that it is equipped with a horizontally oriented subframe connected to the chassis frame for placing the storage hopper having from the side of the rear wall of the hopper two vertically oriented U-shaped guides, while the hopper has two pairs of belt-mounted supporting rollers, one of which is placed approximately о in the middle part of the hopper and interact with the inner surfaces of the guides, and others in the lower part of the hopper and rely on the surface of the guides facing the hopper, and the hopper is connected to the subframe by hydraulic cylinders, some ends of which are mounted on the subframe, and others - on the walls of the hopper, the guides have belt-mounted stops to limit the height of the hopper. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the stops to limit the height of the hopper are located in the upper part of the guides and under the support rollers of the middle part of the hopper. 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertically oriented U-shaped guides are deflected from the subframe with the formation of an obtuse angle with it, and the rear wall of the hopper and the outer surfaces of the guides are approximately parallel. 4. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the gripper is located in front of the base chassis having a bulldozer pusher. 5. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the machine has an electromechanical transmission, the generator of which is used to electrically drive the chopping module.

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