RU2581982C2 - Device for heat and moisture treatment of air - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for heat and moisture treatment of air flows and may be used in ventilation and air condition systems for moistening and cooling air. Device consists of arranged in an air channel with fan sprinkling chamber lower part (tray) which serves as a water tank, a pump, a cellular nozzle unit of corrugated hygroscopic sheets, a water distributor, made in form of a perforated plate with through-holes for water and located on top of nozzle. Cellular nozzle unit is mounted on posts, from below is supported by springs secured at bottom of tray chamber by means of fastening elements is rigidly connected to housing of a centrifugal vibration exciter with an electric motor.

EFFECT: effectiveness of heat and moisture air treatment is achieved due to considerable increase in surface of heat-mass exchange between air and water at simultaneous reduction of specific water consumption for processing, and coefficient of irrigation.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for ventilation and air conditioning and can be used for humidification and cooling of air in adiabatic conditions.

Known contact apparatus for heat-moisture treatment of air, in particular the block chamber of the nozzle irrigation [1]. Structurally, it is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped (duct), horizontal and vertical pipelines (risers) are located inside, mechanical nozzles are mounted on the latter. The lower part of the chamber is made in the form of a tray and serves as a collector for water. The chamber is equipped with a centrifugal fan for supplying air and a pump for supplying water.

With adiabatic humidification, recirculation water is used. Water from the sump is taken by the pump at a pressure of ~ 150 ... 300 kPa, it is supplied through pipelines to the nozzles and is sprayed into the air stream. In this case, a developed (large) surface of heat and mass transfer between air and water is formed, which is determined by the total surface of the droplets of sprayed water. Part of the sprayed moisture evaporates in the air and moisturizes it, another mass of droplets feeds back down to the pallet, from where it is again sent to the mechanical nozzles for spraying, etc. using a pump. The performance of the mechanical nozzles and the size of the water droplets formed depends on the water pressure created by the pump in front of them: the higher the pressure, the higher the productivity, the greater the number of small droplets that break out of them.

The disadvantage of this design is the increased energy consumption for the pump drive associated with the spraying of water through mechanical nozzles. The water line is characterized by high hydraulic resistance.

Also known is the design of the contact apparatus - a block chamber of cellular humidification, characterized by a reduced energy consumption for the formation of the contact surface (heat and mass transfer) between air and water [1].

Structurally, it is also made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, equipped with a fan for air. The height of the block camera has cellular nozzles assembled from corrugated hygroscopic sheets. An irrigation water distributor is mounted on top of the nozzle in the form of a perforated plate with through holes for uniform distribution of water over the section of the chamber (nozzle). The lower part of the honeycomb nozzle is located above the pan of the chamber, which serves as a water tank. The chamber is equipped with a pump that provides water recirculation: water from the pan through the hose is supplied to the irrigation water distributor, from where it enters the corrugated hygroscopic sheets of the honeycomb nozzle. Water wets the nozzle sheets and, in the form of an aqueous film, drains into the chamber pan under the action of gravity. Due to the operation of the fan, air passes in the gaps between the sheets of the nozzle, in contact with the flowing water film, is moistened, and leaves the chamber. The heat and mass transfer surface between air and a moist surface is determined by the dimensions of the moistened material in the nozzle layer.

The advantage of adiabatic humidification of air with water in the irrigated layers is a significant reduction in electricity to drive a water pump compared with energy consumption in nozzle irrigators. In the cellular humidification block chamber, the required pump head depends on the height of the irrigation water distributor above the nozzle block and is several times lower than the required pump head when spraying water through mechanical nozzles. Also, a decrease in the energy consumption for the drive of the water pump in the block chamber of the cellular humidification is due to a decrease in the irrigation coefficient, i.e. water flow per unit of flow of treated air [1, p. 46].

The disadvantage of adiabatic humidification of air with water in a cell-based humidification block chamber is the reduction of the heat and mass transfer surface between air and water per unit volume compared to nozzle irrigation block chambers, in which it is determined by the large total surface area of the sprayed water droplets. This will significantly determine the effectiveness of the humidification process at its high flow rates.

The present invention solves the problem of maintaining the operability of a device for heat-moisture treatment of air while increasing the efficiency of the process, in particular, the possibility of humidification and cooling of air in adiabatic conditions while reducing the specific water flow rate for air treatment (irrigation coefficient) and at the same time increasing the surface of heat and mass transfer between working media.

To achieve the specified technical result in the irrigation block chamber of the cell irrigation, the contact node — the leaf nozzle block — is mounted on a spring vibration base in the chamber pan and is rigidly connected to the centrifugal exciter with an electric drive.

It is known [2, p. 212] that when using vibrational influence on the working units, in particular, targeted mechanical vibrations with a relatively small amplitude and frequency in the range of 10 ... 10 ³ Hz, in mass transfer processes it is possible to sharply increase the phase contact surface and reduce diffusion resistance. To implement the vibrational effect on the contact node of the cellular humidification block camera, it is proposed to connect it to the centrifugal vibration exciter case (mechanical vibrator with an electric motor). These vibration exciters are characterized by low power consumption.

Closest to the claimed invention is a block chamber of cellular humidification, the description of which is given above.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the contact node - a block chamber of cellular humidification for adiabatic humidification of air with water, FIG. 2 shows the housing of a cellular humidification block camera; FIG. 3 shows a contact node with a honeycomb nozzle; FIG. 4 shows the body of a centrifugal exciter with an electric motor.

The positions in FIG. 1 denote:

1 - camera body; 2 - pump for water; 3 - radial fan.

The positions in FIG. 2 denote:

1 - camera body; 4 - pallet (water tank); 5 - water distributor.

The positions in FIG. 3 indicate:

6 - racks; 7 - springs; 8 - block cellular nozzles; 9 - fasteners; 10 - body of a centrifugal vibration exciter with electric drive.

The positions in FIG. 4 indicate:

10 - the body of a centrifugal vibration exciter with an electric motor;

11 - motor shaft;

12 - unbalanced mass.

A device for heat-moisture treatment of air includes a housing of a chamber 1 in which a water line with a pump 2 is mounted. The chamber is connected through a duct to a radial fan 3. The lower part of the chamber (pallet) 4 serves as a water tank. At the top of the chamber is a water distributor 5, made in the form of a perforated plate with through holes for the passage of water. Inside the chamber, on the racks 6, a contact assembly is fixed, consisting of a block of a cellular nozzle 8 — corrugated sheets of absorbent material. Racks 6 from the bottom are supported by springs 7, which are fixed on the bottom of the chamber pan. The cell nozzle block by means of fasteners 9 is rigidly connected to the centrifugal vibration exciter 10 case.

A device for heat and moisture treatment of air works as follows.

The air through a radial fan 3 enters the air channel of the chamber 1, where it passes through a humidified block of the honeycomb nozzle 8, which is in mechanical vibration due to the rotation of the unbalanced mass 12, mounted on the motor shaft in the housing of the centrifugal vibrator 10. Corrugated sheets of the honeycomb nozzle from hygroscopic the material is constantly irrigated with recirculation water coming from the chamber pan 4 through the water distributor 5, by means of a pump 2. In this case, the air is moistened due to the film contact of the air ear flow with moist absorbent material of the honeycomb nozzle 8 and additionally due to the evaporation of the halo of water droplets formed during mechanical vibration of the wet sheets of the honeycomb nozzle.

Unevaporated droplets of water fall back down into the sump, from where water is pumped through the water distributor 5 through the water distributor 5 to the corrugated sheets of the honeycomb nozzle, i.e. In the chamber, the aqueous phase is recycled. Its temperature stabilizes at the temperature of the wet air thermometer. The heat-moisture treatment of air under these conditions corresponds to the regime of adiabatic humidification and cooling.

Thus, the merit of the claimed invention - a device for heat-moisture treatment of air should include: increasing the efficiency of heat-moisture treatment of air in the adiabatic humidification and cooling mode while reducing the specific water consumption for its processing (irrigation coefficient) and at the same time increasing the surface of heat and mass transfer between working media.

Information sources

1. Kokorin O.Ya. Domestic equipment for creating ventilation and air conditioning systems / O.Ya. Kokorin. - M .: CJSC Printing House Extra Printing, 2005. - 97 p.

2. Varsanofiev V.D. Vibration technology in the chemical industry / V.D. Varsanofiev, E.E. Colman-Ivanov. - M .: Chemistry, 1985 .-- 240 p.

Claims (1)

A device for heat-moisture treatment of air, comprising an irrigation chamber with a water tray located in the air duct with a fan, equipped with a water collector with a pump, a water distributor, a contact node, which is made in the form of a sheet nozzle block of hygroscopic material and located between the water distributor and the chamber tray the fact that the sheet attachment block is mounted on a spring vibration base in the chamber pan and is rigidly connected to the centrifugal vibration exciter case with an electric drive th.

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