RU2581975C1 - Device for automated control of heat consumption on heaters of heat supply systems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to central heat supply of residential, public and industrial buildings.

EFFECT: technical result of reducing power consumption is achieved by device for automated control of heat consumption on heating in heat supply systems includes supply and return pipelines, bridge, wherein inner surface of bridge connecting supply and return pipelines is coated with nanomaterial in form of glass-like film.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to district heating of residential, public and industrial buildings.

A device for controlling the flow of heat for heating in heating systems (patent 1218262, MKI F24D 3/00, 1986, bull. No. 10), containing the supply and return pipelines, a jumper connecting the supply and return pipelines to the mixing pump, the heat flow controller for heating with water temperature sensors for heating and outdoor temperature, a control valve with an actuator in the supply pipe and a control valve in the jumper, two relays, two limit switches with a power source, outputs of the flow regulator with enes corresponding relay switching contact, having break contacts connected to the control valve actuator in the flow pipe and make contacts.

The disadvantage is the high energy consumption for the mixing pump drive, due to the need to overcome additional hydraulic resistance due to the process of regulating the passage of the coolant through the control valve in the jumper by reducing its bore. In addition, the presence of a pair of relays and limit switches reduces operational reliability due to their low electromechanical strength during prolonged contact-periodic interaction.

A device for automatically controlling the flow of heat for heating in heating systems, comprising a supply and return piping, a jumper connecting the supply and return pipelines to the mixing pump, a heat flow control for heating with sensors for heating water temperature and outdoor temperature, a control valve with an actuator in the supply pipeline (RF patent No. 2485407, IPC F24D 3/00, publ. 06/20/2013).

The disadvantage is energy costs due to the need for dismantling to replace the jumper connecting the supply and return pipelines to the displacement pump, which is destroyed during prolonged operation under the influence of contaminants from the return pipe.

The technical task of the invention is to reduce energy consumption by maintaining normalized life of the device for automatically controlling the heat consumption for heating in heating systems by reducing the destructive effect of contaminants coming from the return pipe to the inner surface of the jumper, which is achieved by coating the inner surface of the jumper with nanomaterial in the form of glass-like films.

The technical result of reducing energy costs is achieved by the fact that a device for automatically controlling the heat consumption for heating in heating systems contains a supply and return piping, a jumper connecting the supply and return pipelines to the mixing pump, a heat flow control for heating with sensors for heating water temperature and temperature outside air, a control valve with a drive in the supply pipe, while the heat flow controller for heating includes a temperature recorder outdoor air and a water temperature recorder for heating, which are connected to respective temperature sensors, each of the temperature controllers containing comparing, setting and non-linear feedback units, as well as electronic and magnetic amplifiers, in addition, the mixing pump is equipped with a drive with a speed controller and a control valve with a drive in the supply pipe, equipped with a speed controller in the form of a block of powder electromagnetic couplings, while magnetic amplifiers and the outdoor air temperature and the water temperature recorder for heating are electrically connected to the corresponding speed controller of the control valve and the mixing pump, while the inner surface of the jumper connecting the supply and return pipelines is coated with nanomaterial in the form of a glass-like film.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed device, in FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of a jumper with nanocoating of the inner surface.

The device consists of a supply pipe 1, a return pipe 2, a jumper 3 connected to a supply 1 and a return 2 pipelines, a mixing pump 4 on a jumper 3, a heat flow controller for heating 5 with a water temperature sensor for heating 6, an outdoor temperature sensor 7, control valve 8 on the supply pipe 1. The controller of heat consumption for heating 5 includes an outdoor temperature recorder 9 with a sensor 7 and a water temperature recorder 10 for heating with a sensor 6. Outdoor temperature recorder of air 9 contains a comparison unit 11 and a reference unit 12, while the comparison unit 11 is connected to the input of an electronic amplifier 13 equipped with a non-linear feedback unit 14, in addition, the comparison unit 11 is connected to an outside temperature sensor 7. The output of the electronic amplifier 13 is connected to the input of the magnetic amplifier 15 with an output rectifier connected to the speed controller 16 in the form of a block of powder electromagnetic couplings, which is located between the actuator 17 and the control valve 8 on the supply pipe 1. The water temperature recorder 10 contains a comparison unit 18 and the reference unit 19, while the comparison unit 18 is connected to the input of an electronic amplifier 20 equipped with a non-linear feedback unit 21, in addition, the comparison unit 18 is connected to the water temperature sensor 6 heating. The output of the electronic amplifier 20 is connected to the input of the magnetic amplifier 22 with a rectifier at the output connected to the speed controller 23 in the form of a block of powder electromagnetic couplings, which is located between the drive 24 and the mixing pump 4 on the jumper. The inner surface 25 of the jumper 3 connecting the supply pipe 1 and the return pipe 2 is coated with nanomaterial in the form of a glass-like film 26.

A device for automated control of heat consumption for heating in heating systems works as follows.

Water after consumers of thermal energy, for example, heating appliances, moves through the return pipe 2, saturated with contaminants and with a high degree of concentration of both vaporous and mainly solid (rust, scale, etc.) particles, enters jumper 3, where these contaminants intensively stick to its inner surface 25. As a result of the operation of the mixing pump 4, a pressure differential is created in the jumper 3 between the return pipe 2 and the supply pipe 1, which acts on the internal its surface is 25 vaporous bubbles. Subsequent, continuously occurring movements of vaporous bubbles and solid impurities moving with the flow of pumped water lead to discontinuity of the flow integrity, i.e. sudden water hammer causing damage to the metal, i.e. the occurrence of cavitation (see, for example, Sokolov E.Ya. Heating and heat networks. Publishing house. 8 M .: Publishing house MPEI, 2009. - 257 p., ill.).

Therefore, the subsequent operation of the device for the automated control of heat consumption for heating in heating systems leads to the need to replace the jumper and, as a result, additional energy costs associated with dismantling. When coated with nanomaterial in the form of a glass-like film 26 of the inner surface 25 of the jumper 3, the contaminants do not stick and, accordingly, vaporous bubbles do not form, which move into the supply pipe 1. As a result of mixing the purified water entering the supply pipe 1 from the heat energy source and water from the return pipe 2, the concentration of contaminants decreases sharply, which ensures long-term operation of the device for the automated control of heat consumption (see, for example, Kish L. Kinetics of electrochemical dissolution of metals. M: MIR, 1990. - 272 p., Ill.).

It is known that the presence of a valve in the pipeline as a regulating device is simple, but low efficient due to a decrease in its thermophysical parameters - pressure, especially on the jumper between the supply and return pipelines (see, for example, Ionin A.A., Heat supply. M .: Stroyizdat 1982. - 336 s., Ill.), When frequent regulation of water flow is carried out, which causes an increased energy consumption for the mixing pump drive.

In the presence of a normalized outdoor temperature (see, for example, SNiP "Construction Climatology and Geophysics". M., 1993. - 80 p., Ill.) And the corresponding temperature of the water in the supply heating network, the rotation speed controller is 23 in the form of electromagnetic powder the clutch transmits the set power of the actuator 17 and the mixing pump 4 on the jumper 3 works with the required water flow at optimal energy consumption.

If the outdoor temperature drops, which is detected by the sensor 7, and the signal from it to the outdoor temperature recorder 9 of the heat flow controller for heating 5 becomes less than the signal from the task unit 12 and at the output of the comparison unit from the task unit 12, then at the output of the comparison unit 11, a signal of positive polarity appears, which is fed to the input of the electric amplifier 13 simultaneously with the non-linear feedback signal 14. Due to this, the non-linearity of the characteristic in the electronic amplifier 13 is compensated ISTIC actuator 17 the control valve 8 on the supply line 1. The signal from the electronic amplifier 13 output is input to the magnetic amplifier 15, which amplifies power, rectified and fed to the speed controller 16 as a block of electromagnetic powder clutches.

The positive polarity of the signal of the electronic amplifier 13 causes an increase in the excitation current at the output of the magnetic amplifier 15, in the speed controller 16 the moment from the actuator 17 increases, opening the adjustable valve 8 by a large amount, thereby increasing the flow of hot coolant through the supply pipe 1 for heating in the heating system .

The increase in the flow rate of hot coolant in the supply pipe 1 is detected by the water temperature sensor 6 for heating, which, when the normalized value is exceeded (according to the weather and climate location of the heated building (see SNiP 2.04.05-02 “Heating, ventilation, air conditioning”). M: CSTP, 2004 - 94 s.) Sends a signal to the water temperature recorder 10, which becomes larger than the signal from reference unit 19, and a negative polarity signal appears at the output of comparison unit 18, which is fed to the input of the electronic amplifier 20 simultaneously with the non-linear feedback signal 21. Due to this, the non-linearity of the characteristics of the drive 24 of the mixing pump 4 on the jumper 3 is compensated in the electronic amplifier 20. The signal from the output of the electronic amplifier 20 is fed to the input of the magnetic amplifier 22, where it is amplified by power, rectified and fed to the speed controller 23 in the form of a block of powder electromagnetic couplings.

The negative polarity of the signal of the electronic amplifier 20 causes a decrease in the excitation current at the output of the magnetic amplifier 22, as a result, the moment from the drive 24 and the supply of coolant to the heat supply system decrease, which leads to a decrease in the temperature in the supply pipe 1 for heating the building.

With a short-term, during one day or several days a week, increase in the temperature of the outdoor air under the influence, for example, of solar radiation or a thaw, which is detected by the sensor 7, the signal from it to the outdoor temperature recorder 9 of the heat flow controller for heating 5, becomes larger than the signal from the reference unit 12, and a negative reverse polarity signal appears at the output of the comparison unit 11, which is fed to the input of the electronic amplifier 13 simultaneously with the nonlinear signal back th communication 14. The signal from the output of the electronic amplifier 13 is fed to the magnetic amplifier, where it is amplified by power, rectified and fed to the speed controller 16 in the form of a block of powder electromagnetic couplings. The negative polarity of the signal of the electronic amplifier 13 causes a decrease in the excitation current at the output of the magnetic amplifier 15, the torque from the actuator 17 decreases in the speed controller 16, the control valve 8 is closed, thereby reducing the flow of hot coolant through the supply pipe 1 for heating in the coolant system.

The decrease in the flow rate of hot coolant in the supply pipe 1 is detected by the water temperature sensor 6, which, when lower than the normalized value, sends a signal to the water temperature controller 10, which becomes smaller than the signal from the task unit 19, and at the output of the comparison unit from the task unit 19 and the output of the comparator 18, a positive directional signal appears, which is fed to the input of the electronic amplifier 20 simultaneously with the non-linear feedback signal 21. The signal from the output of the electronic amplifier 20 hits the input of the magnetic amplifier 22, where it is amplified by power, rectified and fed to the speed controller 23 in the form of a block of powder electromagnetic couplings.

The positive polarity of the signal of the electronic amplifier 20 causes an increase in the excitation current at the output of the magnetic amplifier 22, as a result, the magnitude of the moment from the drive 27 and the supply of the coolant from the return pipe 2 to the heating system increase, which leads to the maintenance of the normalized temperature in the supply pipe 1 for heating buildings with coolant saving, i.e. the elimination of overheating of the premises with a short-term increase in the temperature of the outside air is observed.

The originality of the proposed technical solution lies in the fact that the reduction of energy consumption for the operation of the device for the automated control of heat consumption for heating in heating systems is achieved by eliminating unscheduled repairs of the jumper. This is due to the coating of nanomaterial in the form of a glass-like film of the inner surface of the jumper, which eliminates the buildup of contaminants in the form of vaporous and solid particles, which contribute to the appearance of cavitation fracture in the formation of discontinuity of the moving water flow.

Claims (1)

A device for automatically controlling the flow of heat for heating in heating systems, containing a supply and return piping, a jumper connecting the supply and return pipelines to the mixing pump, a heat flow control for heating with sensors for heating water temperature and outdoor temperature, a control valve with actuator the supply pipe, while the regulator of heat consumption for heating includes a recorder of outdoor temperature and a recorder of water temperature for heating, which are connected to respective temperature sensors, each of the temperature controllers containing comparison, reference and non-linear feedback units, as well as electronic and magnetic amplifiers, in addition, the mixing pump is equipped with a drive with a speed controller and a control valve with a drive in the supply pipe, equipped with a speed controller in the form of a block of powder electromagnetic couplings, while the magnetic amplifiers of the outdoor temperature recorder and the water temperature recorder and the heating is electrically connected to the corresponding speed controller of the control valve and the mixing pump, characterized in that the inner surface of the jumper connecting the supply and return pipes is coated with nanomaterial in the form of a glass-like film.

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