RU2581954C1 - Planetary gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to planetary gearboxes. Gearbox comprises drive shaft and three planetary rows: driven, intermediate and auxiliary. All links of all planetary rows have simultaneous rotation. Torque from auxiliary link is added to riven link of one planetary gear set. Torque from one planetary gear set is added to the other planetary row.

EFFECT: simplified design of gear box is ensured.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The present invention relates to planetary gearboxes and their use in automatic transmissions.

BACKGROUND

Known differential variator - Patent RU No. 2457379. In this variator containing a planetary gear of the first stage, consisting of a central gear and a carrier with satellites, a planetary gear of a second stage, consisting of a carrier with satellites and a central gear, and a planetary gear of the third stage, consisting of a carrier, satellites and a central wheel, the first and the third planetary gears are closed by a two-crowned crown of a certain mass, and the number of teeth is selected in such a way that it allows to obtain a variable moment on the output shaft [1].

The disadvantage of this design is the design itself, made coaxial and not having support on the housing.

Known for modern automatic transmissions. These gearboxes are used to step change the torque, as well as to provide reverse movement of the car. On automatic gearboxes, as a rule, planetary gearboxes are used, which are distinguished by their compactness and the possibility of coaxial operation. An automatic transmission consists of several (usually two) planetary gears connected in series for collaboration. The combination of planetary gears allows you to provide the required number of stages of work. Modern automatic gearboxes are six-speed, seven-speed (Mercedes) and even eight-speed (Lexus).

The planetary gearbox in the gearbox is called a planetary gear set. The planetary gear set has the following device: sun gear, satellites, ring gear, carrier.

The transmission of rotation is subject to the blocking of one or two elements of the planetary gear set (sun gear, ring gear, carrier). The locking is carried out by the corresponding friction clutches and brakes. The clutch blocks the elements of the planetary gear between each other and thereby ensures the transmission of torque. The brake holds specific elements by connecting to the box body. Clutches and brakes are driven by hydraulic cylinders, which are controlled from a distribution module. An overrunning clutch can be used in the design of the box, which keeps the carrier from rotating in the opposite direction.

Thus, the gearshift mechanisms in the automatic gearbox are friction clutches and brakes. The operation of the automatic transmission is to perform a specific algorithm for turning on and off clutches and brakes [2].

The technical disadvantages of these gearboxes are slow gear shifting and poor dynamics of acceleration of the car.

These technical solutions are taken as a prototype, as they have the maximum combination of essential features common with the invention.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION AND TECHNICAL RESULT

The objective of the invention is to create the most efficient gearbox with continuous transmission of torque from the engine to the drive wheels.

The technical result is the maximum simplification of the design and material consumption of the gearbox, reducing the number of parts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The solution of the aforementioned problem proposed in the invention, the achievement of the set goal and the required technical result is ensured by the fact that in the gearbox according to the invention each planetary gear set contains three links: master, auxiliary and driven, and all links of all planetary gears have simultaneous rotation.

In this case, the gearbox has an additional transmission of torque from the auxiliary link to the driven link of one planetary gear set and an additional transmission of torque from one planetary gear set to another planetary gear set.

The gearbox can also be made with reverse gear, using the planetary gear set for reverse gear or in another embodiment, the gears located on the shafts are rigidly connected to the shafts, with the exception of one reverse gear and one forward gear, which rotate freely and located on a common shaft, and between freely rotating gears there is a synchronizer clutch configured to enable / disable the corresponding gear.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is illustrated in the drawing:

In FIG. 1 is a kinematic diagram of a planetary gearbox according to the invention, comprising a drive shaft of a gearbox 1; gearbox output shaft 2; countershaft 3; the leading link of the auxiliary planetary gear set 4; auxiliary link of the auxiliary planetary gear set 5; the driven link of the auxiliary planetary gear set and the driving link of the intermediate planetary gear set 6; auxiliary link of the intermediate planetary gear set 7; the driven link of the intermediate planetary gear set and the auxiliary link of the driven planetary gear set 8; the leading link of the driven planetary gear 9; the driven unit of the driven planetary gear set 10; gears of an auxiliary link drive of an auxiliary planetary gear set 11, 12; gears of a drive of an auxiliary link of an intermediate planetary row 13, 14; gears drive the intermediate shaft 15, 16; forward gears 17, 18; gears reverse gear 19, 20; clutch synchronizer reverse gear 21; reverse gear intermediate gear 22; freewheel 23.

Below the invention is described in more detail with reference to the drawings attached to the description, which show, by way of example, preferred but optional options for a possible embodiment of the invention, structural embodiment and operation of the vehicle gearbox of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Distinctive features of the claimed gearbox are:

the presence in each planetary series of three links: master, auxiliary and slave;

simultaneous rotation of all links of all planetary series;

additional transmission of torque from the auxiliary link to the driven link of one planetary gear set;

additional transmission of torque from one planetary gear set to another planetary gear set.

The operation of the gearbox according to the invention is as follows and will be shown on the example of a planetary gearbox (Fig. 1):

The operation of the planetary gearbox (Fig. 1) is as follows. Vehicle engine started. Torque from the drive shaft 1 of the gearbox is transmitted to the drive link 4 of the auxiliary planetary gear located on this shaft and to the drive link 9 of the driven planetary gear. Next, the torque from the driven link 10 of the driven planetary gear is transmitted through the gears 15 and 16 to the intermediate shaft 3. The gear shaft 18 of the intermediate shaft, which is in constant engagement with the gear 17 located on the output shaft 2 of the gearbox, sets it in motion. Further, the torque is transmitted to the drive wheels. The pinion gear 12 of the countershaft and the pinion gear 11, which are constantly engaged, drive the auxiliary link 5 of the auxiliary planetary gear set, which adds torque to the driven link 6 of the auxiliary planetary gear set, which is the leading link of the intermediate planetary gear set. The pinion gear 14 of the intermediate shaft and pinion gear 13, which are in constant gearing, drive the auxiliary link 7 of the intermediate planetary gear set, which adds torque to the driven link 8 of the intermediate planetary gear set. Further, the driven link 8 of the intermediate planetary gear set, which is an auxiliary link of the driven planetary gear, adds torque to the driven link 10 of the driven planetary gear. The output shaft 2 of the gearbox tends to maximum speed, and the gear ratio is reduced. When slowing down, the revolutions of the output shaft 2 of the gearbox decrease, and the gear ratio increases.

Thus, the gearbox according to the invention provides the ability to achieve the desired technical result, namely the maximum simplification of the design and material consumption by reducing the number of parts and increasing its compactness.

Individual parts and components of the inventive gearbox can be manufactured using materials and technologies known in the engineering industry.

Specific dimensions and individual design features of individual parts and assemblies can be selected from standard sizes and standards of industrial engineering.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. RU No. 2457379 F16H 3/74, publ. 07/27/12.

2.http: //svstemsauto.ru/box/akpp.html

Claims (4)

1. Planetary gearbox, characterized in that each planetary gear set contains three links: leading, auxiliary and driven, and all links of all planetary gears have simultaneous rotation, characterized by an additional transmission of torque from the auxiliary link to the driven link of one planetary gear set and characterized by an additional transmission of torque from one planetary gear set to another planetary gear set. 2. The planetary gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a planetary gear set for reverse gear. 3. The planetary gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with reverse gear, while the gears located on the shafts are rigidly connected to the shafts, with the exception of one reverse gear and one forward gear, which rotate freely and are located on total shaft. 4. The planetary gearbox according to claim 3, characterized in that between the freely rotating gears there is a synchronizer clutch configured to enable / disable the corresponding gear.

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