RU2581640C1 - Emergency brake for escalators or moving walkways - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to emergency brake moving of stairway or moving walkways. Emergency brake comprises, at least, one locking element (21) located so that it by means of rotary motion occupies release position or blocking. In locking position locking element (21) includes at least one movable part (18) moving stairway or moving walkways, blocking its. Besides, emergency brake comprises linear guide (23), through which locking element (21) linearly displaces between first position (25) and second position (26). Linear guide (23) is located on fixed part (5) of moving stairway or moving walkways by rotation axis (22).

EFFECT: invention provides higher braking reliability.

16 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to an emergency brake for an escalator or travelator.

Emergency brakes are used in emergency situations when, due to technical problems or improper passenger behavior, the staircase of the escalator or the panel of the travelator must be quickly stopped. Such emergency brakes are well known. For example, in GB 2207718 A an emergency brake is disclosed, the locking element or the dog of which is / is rotatably mounted about a pivot axis. The locking element is held by the actuator in the released position. As soon as the actuating element is activated, it rotates the locking element around the pivot axis to the locking position, so that the locking element enters the movable part of the escalator or travelator, blocking it. Usually the movable part, which includes the locking element, is a wheel mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation. It can be, for example, the deflection wheel of the staircase or the gear wheel of the transmission reducer, which connects the drive motor to the staircase driven by the movement.

Also in CN 202138945 U and CN 102372224 A, generic emergency brakes for escalators or travelators are disclosed. In both documents, the locking element in the locking position is adjacent to the stop, which is stationary on the supporting or frame structure of the escalator or travelator and accepts the majority of the forces arising in the case of blocking. Due to this, the actuating element and the axis of rotation of the locking element are significantly unloaded. The movable part into which the locking element is to be included has for this purpose a suitable circuit with protrusions and depressions into which the locking element enters in the locking position. The protrusion formed by the troughs thereby abuts the locking element, as a result of which the movable part is blocked.

The emergency brakes described above are inexpensive and easy to manufacture, only very rarely activate and function, as a rule, flawlessly. When, during rotation, the locking element accidentally hits the protrusion and is jammed with it, the locking element, in accordance with its geometrical location relative to the protrusion and the axis of rotation of the movable part, acts as a crowbar and, due to the action of the lever, can deform or even destroy the movable part, its support points or parts of the emergency brake. After this event, these parts must be replaced before the next emergency braking occurs.

JP 2012012187 A1 discloses an escalator with a locking device. It contains a ratchet wheel and a holding dog. When, due to a technical problem, the staircase moves backward, the dog turns around the pivot axis, and the tooth of the ratchet wheel engages with the dog, stopping the ratchet wheel and thereby the staircase of the escalator. To prevent overloading of the moving components during this sudden stop, the dog contains a damping element in the form of a compression screw spring on its meshing side. This embodiment has the disadvantage that the compressed damping element after stopping the ratchet wheel is again stretched and rotates it back in the opposite direction by a small angle. In this way, the staircase also moves back, and this change in direction of movement can lead to serious accidents. In addition, the damping element itself is a source of significant danger, since it can bend and break at high dynamic load at the moment of engagement with the tooth, which can lead to serious accidents, since in this situation the staircase does not stop.

The objective of the invention is to provide an emergency brake of the kind described above, which would ensure its use against destruction.

This problem is solved by an emergency brake escalator or travelator containing at least one locking element. The latter can rotate around the axis of rotation between the positions of release and blocking, and in the blocking position, it enters at least one movable part of the escalator or travelator, blocking it or preventing its further movement. In other words, the locking element is positioned so that by means of a pivoting movement it occupies a release or blocking position, the locking element entering at least one movable part of the escalator or travelator, blocking it. In addition, the emergency brake contains a linear guide that linearly guides the locking element relative to the axis of rotation between the first and second positions. The linear guide is located on the fixed part of the escalator or travelator through the axis of rotation. Due to this, the linear guide with the locking element can be rotated between the release and blocking positions.

The locking element enters into the movable part with a geometric closure, blocking it. Accordingly, the movable part has contours that are suitable for fitting to the locking element when they fall on it. Typically, these contours have protrusions and depressions moving together with the movable part in an installed space. The defined space is to some extent the envelope volume in which the protrusions move. If the locking element is held in the released position, then it is completely outside this set space. If, due to the rotation of the linear guide around the axis of rotation, the linearly guided linear guide and the locking element that rotates with it in the cavity zone fall into this established space, then as a result of further rotation of the movable part, it inevitably falls on the ledge, instantly blocking or stopping it.

If, as mentioned above, the locking element in the intermediate position between the release and locking positions falls directly on the protrusion, then the locking element is adjacent to it and, starting from the first position, moves back along the linear guide to the second position until this protrusion can pass past the blocking element. Of course, the linear guide and the locking element continue to rotate during this reverse bias until it rests against the stop. By suitable means, the locking element is again shifted from the second position to the first position, thereby reaching the final locking position. The movable part continues to move or rotate until the protrusion following this protrusion hits the locking element and is stopped by it.

To relieve the axis of rotation, the locking element has a thrust surface, which in the blocking position rests on the aforementioned stop located on the fixed part. This emphasis is located as close as possible to the movable part, so that the bending moments that occur when the protrusion hits the blocking element are minimal.

To return the blocking element after the reverse displacement from the second position to the first, an elastic element may be located between the axis of rotation and the blocking element. It positions the locking element relative to the axis of rotation in the first position. As soon as the blocking element moves from the first position to the second, the elastic element is tensioned. This can be, for example, a spring element, a gas cylinder, a piece of elastomer, etc.

In order for the elastic element to be placed and / or guided or protected from damage, the blocking element may have an opening, a recess or cavity in which the elastic element is located. It should be noted that the elastic element can also be located on the outside of the blocking element, if this seems appropriate.

Also, the linear guide may be formed by an opening, for example, a slot made in the blocking element. The linear guide may end with an opening in which the elastic element is located.

In addition, the linear guide may also be located on the outside of the blocking element, for example in a tubular embodiment, wherein the blocking element, when it collides with a protrusion, enters the inner space of the linear guide formed by the tubular embodiment.

An emergency element is provided to activate the emergency brake, which rotates the locking element around the pivot axis from the release position to the blocking position. As an actuating element, for example, a spring-loaded electromagnet, a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric motor or a servomotor can be used. The electromagnet loaded by the spring is predominantly used, the anchor of which drops when the current is interrupted and, due to the force of the spring, rotates the locking element to the locked position or to the installed space.

The actuator is included in the energized safety circuit and contains switching elements that are integrated in safety-relevant places of the escalator or travelator, for example, an emergency switch, an emergency switch for a comb or a handrail input, etc. As soon as the safety circuit is interrupted and the emergency brake actuator rotates the blocking element, the escalator or travelator control unit will detect this interruption and cut off the current supply to the drive motor. To shut off the drive motor even faster, a switch may be provided that trips from the blocking element and interrupts the passage of current through the drive unit of the escalator or travelator.

As has been repeatedly mentioned above, at least one emergency brake can be used in an escalator or travelator. The escalator or travelator contains, as a fixed part, the supporting or frame structure with the first and second turning sections. The movable part includes the first pair of deflection wheels mounted on the first rotary section, rotatably mounted on the second rotary section, the second pair of rotary wheels mounted on the second rotary section and an endless staircase or panel panel, which is located between both rotary sections and envelops the pair of envelope wheels. Instead of the first pair of bending wheels, a bending arc without moving parts can also be provided. Advantageously, the emergency brake is fixedly mounted on one of the pivoting sections on the supporting structure, so that the locking element in the locked position can enter a pair of deflection wheels corresponding to the emergency brake and block it.

Advantageously, both bending wheels of the same pair are firmly connected to each other by an axle or shaft. A crown with protrusions can be located on one of both bending wheels on the side, and the locking element in the blocking position stands in the path of at least one of them. The protrusions can be located on the crown of the pads, teeth, pins, etc. Due to the lateral arrangement of the protrusions, the axis of rotation of the locking element can be perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the pair of bending wheels. This has the advantage that the entire emergency brake can be placed in the existing spaces of the supporting structure and that it is possible to achieve the most direct input of the braking forces into it.

If the locking element is rotated and abuts against the abutment with its abutting surface, then one protrusion of the movable part to be stopped falls onto the locking element. In this case, without additional measures, it would be necessary to instantly destroy all the kinetic energy of the moving part. As a result, the staircase or panel panel would stop abruptly, and passengers on it could fall and get injured. In addition, the locking element would have to be huge in order to withstand the large impact force of the protrusion. To avoid all this, the crown can be rotatably positioned relative to the bending wheel, and a slipping clutch is located between the bending wheel and the crown. It should be noted that instead of it or in combination with it, an elastic element can also be located between the crown and the deflection wheel.

Advantageously, the slip moment of the slip clutch is controlled by the pressing force of its friction pairs. Due to this, after the entry of the blocking element, only the crown with protrusions stops abruptly, and the remainder of the movable part with certain braking can move by inertia to a stop. The slip moment of the slip clutch can be adjusted, for example, elastically according to the characteristic of the spring or elastically according to the progressive characteristic of the spring.

The emergency brake of an escalator or travelator is explained in more detail below with examples of its implementation and with reference to the drawings, which show the following:

- FIG. 1: a schematic side view of an escalator with a supporting structure in which guides and a moving staircase are located between the first and second turning sections;

- FIG. 2: three-dimensional view of FIG. 1 of the first pair of bending wheels of the first rotary section with a part of the supporting structure and an emergency brake located on the supporting structure;

- FIG. 3: a three-dimensional detailed view of FIG. 1 of the first pair of bending wheels when viewed in the direction indicated by arrow A in FIG. 2;

- FIG. 4: a detailed view of a pair of deflection wheels and an emergency brake when viewed in the direction indicated by arrow B in FIG. 3, wherein the locking element is shown in the released position;

- FIG. 5: a detailed view of a pair of deflection wheels and an emergency brake when viewed in the direction indicated by arrow B in FIG. 3, wherein the locking element is shown in the collision position;

- FIG. 6: a detailed view of a pair of deflection wheels and an emergency brake when viewed in the direction indicated by arrow B in FIG. 3, wherein the locking member is shown in the locked position;

- FIG. 7: a three-dimensional view of another embodiment of the emergency brake.

In FIG. 1, an escalator 1 with a handrail 7 carrying a balustrade 2 is shown. In addition, the escalator 1 contains a general design of the supporting balustrade 2 structure 5. The balustrades 2 contain socle sheets 3, between which are moving laterally guided steps 4. An escalator 1 connects the first floor E1 with the second floor E2. The runners 8 of the steps 4 move along the guides 10-13 connected to the supporting structure 5. Although in FIG. 1 depicts an escalator 1 with steps, it is obvious that the invention is also suitable for a travelator with a panel canvas. The supporting structure 5 may be a frame structure, a beam, a foundation, and the like.

Steps 4 are interconnected into a moving staircase. The supporting structure 5 has a first pivot section 15 in the area of the first stage E1, and a second pivot section 16 in the area of the second floor E2, in which the staircase deviates between the forward stroke V and the reverse stroke R. In the direction of the arrow forward travel V and the reverse R in this example, passengers move from the second floor of E2 to the first floor of E1. It should be noted that the operation of the escalator in the opposite direction is possible. To deflect the staircase on the first rotary section 15 with the possibility of rotation is the first pair of 17 curved wheels, and on the second rotary section 16 is the second pair of 18 curved wheels.

In this example, the second pair 18 of deflection wheels is connected to the drive unit 6. However, the drive unit 6 can also be located elsewhere on the escalator 1 or travelator and drive the staircase or panel canvas.

Next, on the second rotary section 16, an emergency brake 20 is located, which can act on the second pair 18 of the deflection wheels, and the construction and functioning of which are described in connection with FIG. 2-6. Accordingly, in FIG. 1-6, for the same parts, the same reference numbers are indicated.

The emergency brake 20 can act on a schematically shown switching element 50, which can interrupt the power supply of the drive unit 6. In the case of the electric drive unit 6, this switching element 50 may be a motor contactor or a thyristor, which interrupts the power supply to the electric motor 51 of the drive unit 6.

FIG. 2 shows schematically in FIG. 1, the second pair of 18 bending wheels, and for clarity, only a small part of the supporting structure 5. Both bending wheels 41, 42 are connected to a shaft 43 having support journals 58. A staircase or panel (not shown) surrounds both bending wheels 41, 42. In addition By means of the circumferential circumferential wheels 41, 42 of the recesses 45, the torque of the drive unit (not shown) is transmitted to suitable protrusions of the staircase, such as chain axles, chain rollers, necks, fingers, rollers, etc. The support necks 58 are mounted to rotate in the places of support (not shown) of the supporting structure 5.

Next, on the side of one of the bending wheels 42, an asterisk 44 is located on the shaft 43, which is connected via a duplex circuit (not shown) to the drive unit 6 in FIG. 1. It should be noted that the sprocket 44 and the duplex circuit are mentioned only as an example, and the specialist, at his discretion, may provide a different transmission of torque from the drive unit 6 to the second pair of 18 castors. The asterisk 44 is depicted in one place with a pullout so that you can see the most important parts of the emergency brake 20 located on the supporting structure 5.

The emergency brake 20 is activated by the actuator 30. In this example, the actuator 30 is an electromagnet. The actuating element 30, through the partially shown rocker 31, acts on the locking element 21, so that the latter can be rotated from the release position to the shown locking position.

In FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional detailed view of a pair of 18 gauge wheels when viewed in the direction indicated by arrow A in FIG. 2. For better clarity, the actuator and rocker acting on the axis of rotation 22 are not shown. The locking element 21 is shown in section in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 22, to show the components located inside it.

The pivot axis 22 is pivotally mounted in the support bracket 52 fixedly connected to the supporting structure 5. The blocking element 21 has a linear guide 23 made in the form of a slot or groove, which is located on the middle longitudinal axis 24 of the blocking element 21 and extends in its longitudinal direction. The slot 23 extends only on a certain part of the blocking element 21 and thereby determines the first 25 and second 26 positions that it can take with respect to its linear movement with respect to the axis of rotation 22. The axis of rotation 22 passes through the slot 23. In FIG. 4-6 slot 23, as well as both positions 25, 26 are visible much better.

The locking element 21 is shown in the released position and due to rotation about the axis of rotation 22 can enter with a geometric circuit into a pair of 18 deflection wheels, blocking it. Accordingly, the pair of 18 wheels of the deflection wheels has contours that are suitable for fitting to the locking element 21 when it is in the locked position, and the contours fall on it.

In this example, these contours are formed by a rim 46 with protrusions 47, which is connected to a pair of 18 deflection wheels, and its protrusions 47 move together with it in an installed annular space 48. While the locking element 21 is held in the released position, it is completely outside this annular space 48. When, due to the rotation of the linear guide 23 about the axis of rotation 22, the linearly guided linear guide 23 and the locking element 21 that rotates with it penetrates into this fixed space 48 and animaet blocking position, one projection 47 rotating a pair of wheels 18 deflecting inevitably hits the blocking member 21, blocking or stopping the pair of deflecting wheel 18 and thus wall or ladder web.

In the case when the locking element 21 in the intermediate position between the release and locking positions falls on the protrusion 47, it adjoins to it and moves back from the first position 25 along the linear guide 23 to the second position 26 until this protrusion 47 passes the blocking member 21. The linear guide 23 and the blocking member 21 continue to rotate during this reverse bias until the blocking member 21 rests against a stop 53 fixedly supported on the supporting structure 5. where this protrusion 47 passes by, and the depression existing between it and the next protrusion 47 is in the area of the rotated locking element 21, the latter is shifted back by the elastic element 27 from the second position 26 again to the first position 25, thereby occupying the blocking position. A pair of 18 deflection wheels continues to move or rotate until the protrusion 47 following this protrusion 47 hits the locking member 21 and is stopped by it.

As mentioned earlier, the elastic member 27 positions the locking member 21 relative to the pivot axis 22 in the first position 25. After the locking member 21 is displaced from the first position 25 in the direction of the second position 26, the elastic member 27, in this example, the compression coil spring, is tensioned. However, the elastic element 27 may also be a gas cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a piece of elastomer, and the like.

The elastic element 27 is located inside the blocking element 21 in the aperture or hole, which / which is also located on the middle longitudinal axis 24 of the blocking element 21, extends in its longitudinal direction and ends in the slot 23. In order for the compression screw spring 27 to remain in the desired position, and it could be easily mounted, an element 29 in the form of a pusher was passed through it and located in the opening. It is also arranged to move in the transverse hole of the pivot axis 22. Due to this, the torque partially shown in FIG. 1 of the rocker arm 31 can be transmitted to the locking element 21. In this example, the element 29 is a set screw, the shaft of which is hidden by a compression screw spring 27, and in the area of the first position 25 only its head and the end of the thread screwed into the locking element 21 are visible. An elastic element 27 or a compression screw spring abuts against the head of the element 29 with one end and the pivot axis 22 with the other, holding the blocking element 21 in relation to the pivot axis 22 in its first position 25.

In order to relieve the axis of rotation 22 in the collision of the protrusion 47 with the locking element 21, the latter has a stop surface, which in the locking position rests on the fixed stop 53. It is located as close as possible to the movable part or crown 46, so that the bending moments that occur when the protrusion hits 47 on the locking element 21, the minimum.

When the blocking element 21 is rotated and the protrusion 47 of the pair of wheels 18 to be stopped is stopped, without additional measures, all the kinetic energy of the moving part would have to be instantly destroyed. As a result, the staircase or panel panel would stop abruptly. Passengers on it could fall and be seriously injured. In addition, the locking element 21 would have to be huge in order to withstand the large impact force of the protrusion 47. To avoid all this, the crown 46 is rotatably relative to the pair 18 of the deflection wheels. Between the crown 46 and the pair of 18 deflection wheels, a slipping clutch 49 is disposed, and in FIG. 3 only the spring-loaded clamping ring is visible. The slip clutch 49 may have a friction lining, a brake lining, and the like. Crown 46 may also be a gear or a disk.

Thanks to the slip clutch 49, after the blocking element 21 enters the installed space 48, only the crown 46 with the projections 47 stops abruptly, and the remainder of the movable part, namely shown in FIG. 1 pair 17, 18 of the deflection wheels and the staircase consisting of steps 4 are braked in a certain way and can move by inertia to a stop.

In FIG. 4-6 show a detailed view when viewed in the direction indicated by arrow B, wherein FIG. 4-6 show the various operational states of the locking element 21 and thereby the emergency brake. Since only the region of the locking member 21 and its interaction with the second pair of 18 deflection wheels should be described in more detail, only one half of this pair 18 is shown. Also in FIG. 4-6, the gear 44 is shown with a tear so that the locking element 21 and the projections 47 of the crown 46 are visible. In addition, the locking element 21 is shown in section, so that the functioning of the elastic element 27 is visible.

In FIG. 4, the emergency brake lock member 21 is shown in the released position. The elastic member 27 holds the locking member 21 in the first position 25, i.e. the locking element 21 in this position is adjacent to the axis of rotation 22. The protrusion 47 of the crown 46 is in the area of the locking element 21 and can easily pass by it in a predetermined direction D of rotation. In FIG. 1 shows that in an emergency it is necessary to prevent the forward run V of the staircase or panel from the second floor E2 in the direction of the first floor E1. Therefore, the predetermined direction of rotation D corresponds to this forward direction V.

In FIG. 5, the locking element 21 is shown in a rotated position, adjacent to the abutment 53. At the moment of rotation, the protrusion 47 was accidentally in the area of the locking element 21. The latter fell on the protrusion 47 and would jam with it if, as shown, the locking element 21 was installed with the possibility of linear movement relative to the axis of rotation 22. The protrusion 47 prevents the locking element 21 from penetrating into the installed space 48, and as a result of a collision with the protrusion 47 it moved back to the second position 26. This means that due to the reverse displacements of the locking member 21 changes the relative position of the pivot axis 22, starting from the first position 25 toward the second position 26. Due to this, although the locking member 21 is rotated, the projection 27 can pass it.

The slot 23, serving as a linear guide and providing linear movement of the locking element 21 relative to the axis of rotation 22, is particularly clearly visible in FIG. 5. In the same way, the element 29 is visible in the form of a pusher that has entered the hole of the axis of the turn 22. Due to the reverse displacement of the element 29 and the blocking element 21, the elastic element 27 is strained. As soon as the protrusion 47 passes the blocking element 21 and releases it, the latter will be displaced due to the elastic element 27 from the second position 26 to the first position 25, as a result of which the blocking element 21 will penetrate into the installed space 48.

In FIG. 6, the locking element 21 is shown in a rotated position and after it penetrates into the installed space 48. The locking element 21 has reached the locking position and is supported by a stop 53. The protrusion 47 of the crown 46 is adjacent to the locking element 21 and is locked with a geometric lock in the direction of rotation D. Thus, the blocking element 21 interferes with the protrusion 47, thereby preventing the further rotation of the pair 18 of the deflection wheels in the direction D.

In FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional view showing another example of an emergency brake 120. Of the escalator or travelator, only a stop 53 is shown. The emergency brake 120 comprises a blocking element 121 mounted with the possibility of linear movement in the pipe 123 serving as a linear guide. The pipe 123 has, for example, a square section. However, other pipe section shapes are possible. On the pipe 123 there is a pivot axis 122, the support points of which are made for pivoting on a supporting structure (not shown) of an escalator or travelator. To rotate the locking element 121, a protrusion 134 is made on the pipe 123, which is connected by means of a lever mechanism 131 to a pneumatic cylinder serving as an actuating element 130.

In the pipe 123, a slot 136 is made, through which a transverse pin 132, firmly connected to the locking element 121, passes. The latter, being limited by the length of the slot 136, can move or linearly move between the first 125 and second 126 positions. The pipe 123 also has a tab 133. Between it and the transverse finger 132 there is a tension spring as an elastic element 127, which positions the locking element 121 in the first position 125 shown.

A switching cam 135 is also located on the pipe 123, which actuates the switching element 50 in the locked position shown. As already mentioned in the description of FIG. 1, it interrupts the supply of energy 51 to the drive unit 6.

Although the invention has been described with specific examples of its implementation using an escalator, it is obvious that it can also be used in a travelator and that numerous other variants can be created on the basis of the invention. In FIG. 1-7, for example, it can be seen that the emergency brake 20,120 can block a pair of 18 deflection wheels in only one direction D of rotation. However, at the discretion of a person skilled in the art, the second emergency brake 20, 120 may be arranged mirror-symmetrically shown emergency brake 20, 120, so that the pair of wheels 17, 18 of the deflection wheels can also be blocked in the direction of rotation opposite to the direction of rotation D. In addition, also both pairs of deflection wheels 17, 18 can each be equipped with one or two emergency brakes 20,120. Instead of the first pair of 17 bending wheels, a bending arc can also be located on the first turning section.

The emergency brake 20, 120 is lightweight, simple in design and inexpensive. It is very simple to handle it, and for its assembly and disassembly, few operations are required. In addition, after using the emergency brake 20, 120, you can very quickly return to its original state. Also emergency brake 20, 120 can be used several times a day. In addition, the downtime of the escalator or travelator is significantly reduced, and the operator acquires a significant surplus value or additional benefit.

As already mentioned, the invention can equally be used in escalators or moving stairs and moving walkways or moving sidewalks.

Claims (16)

1. An emergency brake (20, 120) of an escalator (1) or travelator, containing at least one locking element (21, 121), made with the possibility of displacement by pivoting movement around the axis of rotation (22, 122) in the release position or blocking, and in the blocking position, the blocking element (21, 121) is included in at least one moving part (4, 6, 17, 18) of the escalator (1) or the travelator to block it, characterized in that the emergency brake (20 , 120) contains a linear guide (23, 123), which is configured to slight movement of the locking element (21, 121) relative to the axis of rotation (22, 122) between the first position (25, 125) and the second position (26, 126) and is located on the fixed part (5, 52) of the escalator (1) or travelator rotation axis (22, 122). 2. The brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking element (21, 121) has a thrust surface resting in the blocking position on the stop (53) located on the fixed part (5). 3. The brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that between the axis of rotation (22, 122) and the blocking element (21, 121) is an elastic element (27, 127) made with the possibility of positioning the blocking element (21, 121) in the first position (25, 125) relative to the axis of rotation (22, 122). 4. The brake according to claim 3, characterized in that the locking element (21, 121) has an opening in which the elastic element (27) is located. 5. The brake according to claim 3, characterized in that the elastic element (27) is located on the outside of the blocking element (21, 121). 6. The brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the blocking element (21, 121) has a slot (23) serving as a linear guide (23). 7. The brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the linear guide (23) is located on the outside of the blocking element (21, 121). 8. The brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises an actuating element (30, 130) configured to rotate the locking element (21, 121) around the axis of rotation (22, 122) from the release position to the blocking position. 9. The brake according to claim 8, characterized in that the actuating element (30, 130) is a spring-loaded electromagnet, a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric motor, a stepper motor or a servomotor. 10. The brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking element (21, 121) is configured to actuate a switching element (50) that interrupts the current supply (51) to the drive unit (6) of the escalator (1) or travelator. 11. An escalator (1) or a travelator with at least one emergency brake (20, 120) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-10, comprising as a fixed part a supporting structure (5) with a first rotary section (15) and a second rotary section (16), as a movable part mounted on the second rotary section (16) with the possibility of rotation of the second pair (18) of the envelope wheels, if installed on the first rotary section (15) with the possibility of rotation of the first pair (17) of the bending wheels and an endless staircase or panel canvas, which is located between both rotary sections (15, 16) with the possibility of bending around the bending wheels (41, 42 ) pairs (17, 18) wheels, characterized in that the locking element (21, 121) in the blocking position is configured to block the pair (18) of the deflection wheels corresponding to the emergency brake (20, 120). 12. An escalator (1) or travelator according to claim 11, characterized in that a crown (46) with protrusions (47) and a blocking element (21, 121) are located on the side on the deflection wheel (42) of the pair (17, 18) of the deflection wheels. ) in the locked position is in the path of at least one of these protrusions (47). 13. An escalator (1) or travelator according to claim 12, characterized in that the axis of rotation (22, 122) of the locking element (21, 121) is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the pair of wheels (17, 18). 14. An escalator (1) or travelator according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the crown (46) is rotatably relative to the bending wheel (42), and a slipping clutch is located between the bending wheel (42) and the crown (46) ( 49). 15. An escalator (1) or a travelator according to claim 14, characterized in that the slip clutch (49) is configured to control the slip moment. 16. An escalator (1) or travelator according to claim 15, characterized in that the slip clutch (49) is configured to adjust the slip moment elastically according to the characteristic of the spring or elastically according to the progressive characteristic of the spring.

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