RU2581292C1 - Compressor plant for gas compression - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building, specifically to compressor equipment, and can be used for injection of gas under high pressure. Compressor unit comprising at least two multi-stage compressors, low pressure zone and high pressure zone which are connected via a gas line. Pressure zone has at least one piston-driven compressor and low pressure zone has at least one low pressure compressor with piston displacer. Multistage compressor drive is designed as a hydraulic cylinder connected by a common piston to piston-driven compressors of low-pressure zone and high pressure zone. Gas input of high pressure compressor is connected to output of low pressure compressor, output is connected to input of gas cavity of next compression stage. Control of synchronous reciprocating pistons of hydraulic drive is carried out by means of limit switches connected to controller.

EFFECT: broader functionality, simplified design and improved operational reliability.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, namely to compressor technology, and can be used for injection of gas under high pressure.

Compressors are used to compress gaseous media, in particular hydrocarbons. Moreover, the common goal is to obtain a gas with the highest degree of compression and moderate temperature and not containing impurities.

To obtain compressed gas with a low temperature at the discharge outlet, an evaporative cooling system is used. As a cooling medium, such refrigerated compressors use a boiling liquid, water or a chemical cooling mixture.

It is known that the low gas outlet temperature of compressors is, in principle, associated with a high efficiency. However, now it is no longer acceptable to obtain a high energy efficiency due to environmental pollution by hazardous substances or excessive water consumption.

A hydraulic compressor is known, comprising a hydraulic motor cylinder with a piston, the piston of opposing compressor cylinders fixed to the inner diameter of the hydraulic motor cylinder and fixed to the reciprocating relative to the piston rigidly fixed in the middle of the hydraulic motor cylinder with the formation of two rod cavities, hydraulic drive of a hydraulic motor, including a pump, a control valve, discharge and discharge lines, etc. wherein at both sides of the piston are arranged switching mechanisms for interaction with the compressor pistons of the hydraulic distributor slide valve (RU 2215187S1, 27.10.2003).

A disadvantage of the known device is the design complexity due to the use of an electro-hydraulic control system for the distributor and with the supply of additional energy for control, which reduces the reliability of the device.

Also known is a multistage compressor for compressing gases, comprising a low pressure zone and a high pressure zone. The high pressure zone has at least one piston compressor driven through the crankshaft. The low-pressure zone has, as a low-pressure compressor, at least one screw compressor with a rotary displacer, which is connected to the crankshaft of the reciprocating compressor. A cooling device and a condensate trap are provided between the reciprocating compressor and the screw compressor (RU2298692C2, 05/10/2007).

The disadvantages of the known compressor are insufficiently high functionality, expressed in the difficulties of obtaining high gas pressure, large dimensions and a rather complicated design using two types of compressors - screw and piston. In addition, it has low operational reliability, since the issue of synchronizing the operation of all stages has not been resolved, which increases the dynamic load on the nodes and parts and, as a result, reduces the life of the installation as a whole.

The closest in design and the achieved results is a compressor installation for compressing gases, containing at least two multistage compressors, low-pressure zones and high-pressure zones which are connected through a gas line, while the high-pressure zone has at least one piston compressor with driven, and the low-pressure zone has at least one low-pressure compressor with a piston displacer (US4478556 A, 10.23.1984).

A disadvantage of the known installation is that it is impossible to increase the number of compressors operating in parallel, it returns compressed gas after compression in the second stage to the first stage for additional compression. This installation has a significantly lower performance than the claimed, which has a greater unification of the elements, which increases its manufacturability.

The task to which the invention is directed is the expansion of functionality, simplifying the design and increasing operational reliability.

This problem is solved and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a compressor installation for compressing gases containing at least two multistage compressors, low pressure zones and high pressure zones of which are connected via a gas line, while the high pressure zone has at least , one piston compressor with a drive, and the low pressure zone has at least one low pressure compressor with a piston displacer, the drive is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder connected by a common rod with piston compressors of the low-pressure zone and high-pressure zone, the gas inlet of the high-pressure compressor is connected to the output of the low-pressure compressor, the output is connected to the inlet of the gas cavity of the next compression stage, and the synchronous reciprocating movement of the hydraulic pistons is carried out using limit switches connected to the controller .

In addition, to solve the problem in the installation, the working fluid is supplied to all drive hydraulic cylinders at the same time, the movement of their pistons is controlled by limit switches, to synchronize the operation of all compressor stages, the limit switches generate a common signal in the logical operation mode “AND”, when signals are present on all sensors , limit switches are made non-contact, for example in the form of reed switches or inductive sensors connected to the controller.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a compressor installation containing the pneumatic part of a four-stage hydraulic compressor.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a hydraulic drive of a compressor unit.

In FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a cooling system.

The compressor installation (Fig. 1) includes two compressors 1 and 2, each of which includes a drive made in the form of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 3 and 4, on both sides of which pneumatic cylinders 5 are made, at the ends of which are made high-pressure pneumatic cylinders 6, having smaller diameter. Compressors are equipped with rods 7 and 8, on each of which pistons 9 and 10 of hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 are fixed, pistons 11 of pneumatic cylinders 5 and pistons 12 of high pressure pneumatic cylinders 6. The pneumatic cylinders 5 and high pressure pneumatic cylinders 6 are equipped with inlet check valves 13 and exhaust valves 14. Compressors 1 and 2 have two stages of gas compression. The combined operation of two compressors provides 4 stages of gas compression. High pressure pneumatic cylinders 6 are equipped with end switches of the pistons 15 and 16 (Fig. 2). The hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 are interconnected by pipelines 17 and 18, and the pipelines 17 connect the upper cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, and the pipelines 18 connect the lower cavities of the hydraulic cylinders. This connection allows you to synchronize the movement of the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders 9 and 10, regardless of the speed of each of the pistons. The synchronous movement of the pistons also provide a serial connection of a group of sensors 15 and a group of sensors 16 between themselves. Pipelines 17 and 18 are connected to the control valve 19, which is operated by the signals of the limit switches 15 and 16, which are received by the controller 20 and generate the switching signal of the control valve 19. The control valve 19 is connected to a tank 21 containing hydraulic fluid for hydraulic cylinders, which is pumped into the hydraulic system by the hydraulic pump 22. The system cooling (Fig. 3) contains cooling shirts 23, covering the compressor cylinders. The cavity of the shirts 23 is filled with a boiling liquid, such as freon. Shirts 23 are connected by pipelines to cooling radiators 24, blown by fans 25.

The compressor installation operates as follows.

When the working fluid is supplied by the hydraulic pump 22 from the tank 21 through the valve 19 to the pipe 17 (Fig. 2), the liquid, entering one of the cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4, moves the pistons 9 and 10 of the hydraulic cylinders, and with them the common rods 7 and 8 s the pistons 11 of the pneumatic cylinders 5 connected with them and the pistons 12 of the high pressure pneumatic cylinders 6. Having reached the stop, the rods 7 and 8 are stopped, and the limit switches 15 signal to reach the limit position. The signal of the limit switches 15 enters the controller 20 of the control valve 19, which, according to their signal, switches the supply of hydraulic fluid to the pipe 18, causing the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders 9 and 10 with common rods 7 and 8 to move in the opposite direction. When they reach the opposite limit position, the sensors of the extreme positions 16 are triggered, upon the signal of which the control valve 19 switches the hydraulic fluid supply to another pipeline, and the cycle repeats. The signal from the group of limit switches 15 or 16 is supplied to the controller 20 only if all the limit switches 15 or 16 are activated. If at least one of the sensors in the group did not work, the movement in hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 continues until the sensor is triggered. Thus, the logical operation “AND” is realized and thereby the synchronization of the operation of all hydraulic cylinders is achieved.

During the movement of hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 in the pneumatic part of the compressor, gas is sucked in by the first stage (Fig. 1), the gas enters one of the cavities of the pneumatic cylinder 5 and when the rods 7 and 8 move, it is compressed by the first stage and is forced into the cavity of the high pressure cylinder 6, where additionally compressed and discharged, falling into the third compression stage located in the second compressor, where all operations are repeated, as a result of which the gas compressed in four stages is supplied to the consumer receiver.

During successive compression of the gas, heat is generated during adiabatic compression of the gas. The excess heat is transferred by phase transformation of the low-boiling liquid located in the cooling jacket 23 (Fig. 3) into steam, followed by its supply to the radiator 24, blown by the fan 25. In the radiator 24, the steam condenses, the condensate under the influence of gravitational forces flows back into the cooling jacket 23. The use of the phase transformation of the cooling liquid into steam allows to increase the cooling efficiency by 4-5 times compared with water cooling due to the latent heat of vaporization. The rate of heat transfer from the surface of the pneumatic cylinders to the radiators 24 is significantly increased due to an increase in the mobility of the vapor compared to the rate of heat and mass transfer carried out by the liquid. To maintain the gas temperature not higher than 100 ° C, water can be used as a coolant. If it is necessary to obtain compressed gas with a temperature of not more than 50 ° C, it is necessary to use a low-boiling liquid, such as freon. The decrease in gas temperature at the compressor outlet indicates a high efficiency of the compression process.

Compared with known designs, the proposed technical solution has the following advantages:

- gas compression is carried out in a multistage manner, which reduces the specific load on each stage and increases the reliability of the process;

- the use of parallel supply of working fluid to the hydraulic cylinders allows you to synchronize the operation of all cylinders, which increases the efficiency of gas compression and reduces unproductive energy consumption;

- the use of piston position sensors in the "AND" logic element mode, when the signal to switch the working fluid flow in hydraulic cylinders is supplied only when all sensors in the group are triggered, makes it possible to synchronize the operation of all hydraulic cylinders during each cycle of the compressor unit. In addition, the compressor unit has a high degree of unification, as consists of several (in our case two) absolutely identical modules, which are compressors with pipelines. This simplifies maintenance and reduces its cost due to the relatively small range of components and parts used. To produce such a design is also easier and cheaper for the same reasons. Due to the use of two parallel vertical modules (compressors), the design is more compact, which allows it to be used for both stationary and mobile versions. In addition, such a design, if necessary (a large degree of compression or high productivity is required), can easily be supplemented with one or more steps. All this together leads to the expansion of functionality while optimizing the price-quality ratio.

Claims (2)

1. A compressor installation for compressing gases, comprising at least two multistage compressors, low pressure zones and high pressure zones of which are connected through a gas line, wherein the high pressure zone has at least one piston compressor with a drive, and the low pressure zone has at least one low-pressure compressor with a piston displacer, characterized in that the multi-stage compressor drive is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder connected by a common rod to piston compressors low pressure and high pressure zones, the gas inlet of the high pressure compressor is connected to the outlet of the low pressure compressor, the outlet is connected to the inlet of the gas cavity of the next compression stage, and the synchronous reciprocating movement of the hydraulic pistons is carried out using limit switches connected to the controller. 2. The compressor installation for compressing gases according to claim 1, characterized in that the working fluid is supplied to all drive hydraulic cylinders simultaneously, the movement of their pistons is controlled by limit switches, to synchronize the operation of all compressor stages, the limit switches generate a common signal in the logical operation mode “I” when signals are present on all sensors, limit switches are made non-contact, in the form of reed switches or inductive sensors connected to the controller.

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